Merge branch 'main' into dws_optimization

docs(chat): clarify image markdown guide

.changes/85387314-chat-image-guide.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+category: Changed
+---
+
+- **Chat message send help** - Clarifies Markdown image syntax for inline mixed text and images.

.changes/961-drive-file-comments.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+category: Added
+---
+
+- **Drive file comments** (#961) — adds `dws drive comment list` and `dws drive comment create` for comments on ordinary preview files.

.changes/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Release fragments
+
+普通功能、修复和面向用户的行为变更不要再修改根目录 `CHANGELOG.md` 的
+`Unreleased` 区域。每个 PR 在本目录新增一个独立的 Markdown fragment，避免
+并行 PR 争用同一文件。
+
+文件名使用能唯一定位变更的短名，通常是 PR 号，例如
+`1234-chat-reply-mentions.md`。文件名必须匹配
+`^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$`，且必须是普通文件，不能是符号链接。本目录顶层
+只接受 `README.md`、`released/` 和符合该规则的 fragment：fragment 一律平铺在
+顶层，不接受任何其它子目录，本目录自身也不能被替换成文件或符号链接。其余条目
+会被 CI 直接拒绝而不是忽略，以免非法条目跳过校验后拖垮下一个 PR。文件格式
+严格如下：
+
+```markdown
+---
+category: Added
+---
+
+- **Chat reply mentions** (#1234) — supports mentioning selected members.
+```
+
+`category` 只能是 `Added`、`Changed`、`Deprecated`、`Removed`、`Fixed` 或
+`Security`。正文至少包含一个 Markdown 列表项，且不得包含 `TODO` 或 `TBD`。
+
+发布 beta 时，`scripts/release/prepare-changelog.sh` 会按分类和文件名稳定排序，
+将未归档 fragments 汇总为唯一的版本章节，并移动到
+`.changes/released/<version>/`。因此 release-seal PR 是唯一会修改
+`CHANGELOG.md` 的 PR；它同时归档已消费的 fragments，供审计追溯。
+归档只能在同一个 release-seal PR 中以原样移动完成；CI 会拒绝直接修改、
+删除或重写已归档文件。
+
+无需面向用户发布说明的改动不添加 fragment。评审者根据改动是否可见来判断该
+例外是否成立。

.changes/doc-drive-wiki-space-routing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+category: Changed
+---
+
+- **Doc/drive/wiki routing descriptions** — clarifies the document-space container-vs-content boundary across the doc, drive, and wiki skill descriptions for more predictable first-round Agent selection, without changing CLI behavior.

.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ repeat the entire CI suite locally only to fill this checklist: CI expands the
 selected tier from documentation checks, through affected-package tests, to
 the complete high-risk suite.
 
-- [ ] Exact in-place `CHANGELOG.md`-only check (otherwise `N/A`):
-  `./scripts/policy/check-changelog-pr.sh --fast-path "$(git merge-base HEAD origin/main)" HEAD`
+- [ ] Release fragment added for a user-visible behavior/interface change (otherwise `N/A`):
+  `.changes/<unique-name>.md`; ordinary PRs must not edit `CHANGELOG.md`.
+- [ ] Release-seal validation (otherwise `N/A`):
+  `./scripts/policy/check-changelog-pr.sh --content-only "$(git merge-base HEAD origin/main)" HEAD`
 - [ ] Targeted test/check commands and results:
 - [ ] Behavior evidence (test name, CLI output shape, or before/after result):
 - [ ] Documentation links/content/rendering checked (documentation-only, otherwise

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -1288,6 +1288,12 @@ jobs:
           ./scripts/policy/check-changelog-pr.sh \
             "$mode" "$PR_BASE_SHA" HEAD
 
+      - name: Validate release fragment lifecycle
+        if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+        env:
+          PR_BASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }}
+        run: ./scripts/policy/check-release-fragments.sh "$PR_BASE_SHA" HEAD
+
       - name: Validate trusted main CHANGELOG-only push
         if: github.event_name == 'push' && needs.lint.outputs.changelog_only == 'true'
         env:

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -2793,7 +2793,7 @@ jobs:
             fi
             if test "${{ needs.dispatch-contract.outputs.mode }}" = plan_release; then
               echo
-              echo "Plan only: no tag or package was created. Add the exact \`CHANGELOG.md\` section, merge it to main, then run publish."
+              echo "Plan only: no tag or package was created. Render pending \`.changes/*.md\` fragments into the exact \`CHANGELOG.md\` section, merge the release-seal PR to main, then run publish."
             fi
           } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
 

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -6,6 +6,51 @@ The format is inspired by [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/) and th
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+## [1.0.58-beta.4] - 2026-08-12
+
+### Added
+
+- **Multi-skill installation and upgrade** — fresh installs, `dws skill setup`,
+  and `dws upgrade` now use the multi-skill layout by default. Existing mono
+  installations migrate during upgrade; mono remains an explicit legacy option.
+- **Native streaming-card mentions** — `dws chat message send-card` now accepts
+  `--at-open-dingtalk-ids` and `--at-all` for group cards and forwards them to
+  `create_and_send_card`, matching the existing shortcut behavior without
+  changing single-chat card creation.
+- **Expanded Minutes workflows** — 27 public Minutes shortcuts now cover
+  upload, download, export, recording, analysis, sharing, and recovery flows;
+  every write command keeps an explicit confirmation requirement.
+- **Chat command discovery** — 30 existing typed Chat commands are now
+  available in the runtime Schema and Agent catalog, with sensitive writes
+  carrying their required confirmation metadata.
+
+### Changed
+
+- **Chat read results** — typed commands and shortcuts now expose a consistent
+  top-level `messages` list with stable `messageId` and `text` fields while
+  retaining existing response envelopes and fields.
+- **Wiki feed results** — Wiki feed list output now formats time fields and
+  trims excess fields. Its `--limit` default is 10 and maximum is 20.
+- **Developer command results** — the `dev` and selected `devapp` commands now
+  use the unified result envelope for consistent success, pending, partial,
+  and failure reporting.
+- **Evaluation dispatch hardening** — `/eval` now uses a verifiable polling
+  relay instead of direct access from the hosted runner, binding the workflow,
+  comment, PR head, parameters, and result provenance.
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **Streaming-card update acknowledgement** — accepts the pre-production
+  `success: true` response from `update_streaming_card` as affirmative write
+  evidence while preserving explicit negative, conflicting, and bizId-drift
+  failures, so Agents do not repeat an update that the service already applied.
+- **Text input bounds** — literal input, stdin, and `@file` inputs now all
+  enforce the same byte limit; file reads validate the opened descriptor and
+  cannot exceed the limit after a path replacement or file growth.
+- **Evaluation PR comments** — restores `/eval` PR conversation comments with
+  the least required pull-request write permission and actionable GitHub 403
+  diagnostics.
+
 ## [1.0.58-beta.3] - 2026-08-11
 
 ### Added

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -83,7 +83,10 @@ coverage is additionally selected for platform-sensitive code.
    change.
 6. Run `./scripts/release/verify-package-managers.sh` when packaging or
    installer surfaces change (run `make package` first).
-7. Update docs and `CHANGELOG.md` for behavior/interface changes.
+7. Update docs and add one `.changes/<unique-name>.md` release fragment for
+   behavior/interface changes. Do not edit `CHANGELOG.md` in an ordinary PR;
+   the release-seal workflow renders and archives fragments into the versioned
+   changelog section.
 
 ## Submission Flow
 

Formula/dingtalk-workspace-cli-beta.rb

@@ -1,33 +1,33 @@
 class DingtalkWorkspaceCliBeta < Formula
   desc "Automate DingTalk workspace tasks from the terminal (beta channel)"
   homepage "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli"
-  version "1.0.58-beta.3"
+  version "1.0.58-beta.4"
   license "Apache-2.0"
   keg_only "it is the beta channel and conflicts with dingtalk-workspace-cli"
 
   on_macos do
     if Hardware::CPU.arm?
-      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.3/dws-darwin-arm64.tar.gz"
-      sha256 "29b4fb9e081f36a699933c0919fe7530544f62de3e27c785d27626a575a2efc2"
+      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.4/dws-darwin-arm64.tar.gz"
+      sha256 "5c2ac92e35b1f1dba80234af8b0c9505b2883f4a37c1e73892b8a1c3087b7702"
     else
-      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.3/dws-darwin-amd64.tar.gz"
-      sha256 "a6b9c4ef212c533e02b414bd9c3be0b8d1874d4af983a7896072825bdfec1033"
+      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.4/dws-darwin-amd64.tar.gz"
+      sha256 "93ef787770105fe1f0d27585adcac7b740aa6c37ff490275c4113814541ae095"
     end
   end
 
   on_linux do
     if Hardware::CPU.arm?
-      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.3/dws-linux-arm64.tar.gz"
-      sha256 "ae3a9ebe151702fd05dee0c56d778a20789d98c390cf8c0a0b2ec695b57b5ec3"
+      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.4/dws-linux-arm64.tar.gz"
+      sha256 "011ce16a73d8fd24275e34c3122d3d0832c60cde2480f496018eb654059b5c05"
     else
-      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.3/dws-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
-      sha256 "544b480701e9ec9ec5366467ad4c855fca06dea887e3d577ff50e4b3eeb13ac2"
+      url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.4/dws-linux-amd64.tar.gz"
+      sha256 "847b17ff8a8d80dce38f0013eb35c77c102be16c9f98b955a632b983cd5ec104"
     end
   end
 
   resource "skills" do
-    url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.3/dws-skills.zip"
-    sha256 "322f1840442ff183ad4b6d4f2a2b38825ff9f96a3fcde06ba57b8f80647468ae"
+    url "https://github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/releases/download/v1.0.58-beta.4/dws-skills.zip"
+    sha256 "f5e0c72cc92cb7e8886409319cf68bbbfc7740e969bd39a389b74af4befdbc66"
   end
 
   def install

README.md

@@ -70,15 +70,17 @@ The installer ships skills in one of two layouts. CLI commands (`dws aitable ...
 
 | Mode | What gets installed | Best for |
 |------|----------------------|----------|
-| **mono** (stable, default) | One `dws` skill covering all products | Cross-product workflows; single entry point |
-| **multi** | Per-product skills (`dingtalk-aitable`, `dingtalk-calendar`, `dingtalk-chat`, ...) | Single-product tasks; smaller context per call |
+| **multi** (default) | Per-product skills (`dingtalk-aitable`, `dingtalk-calendar`, `dingtalk-chat`, ...) | Single-product tasks; smaller context per call |
+| **mono** (legacy) | One `dws` skill covering all products | Cross-product workflows; single entry point |
+
+> Installs and upgrades default to `multi`. `mono` remains available via `DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono` or `dws skill setup --mode mono`. File issues if you hit problems.
 
 How to pick:
 
-- **Quick install** (one-liner above): non-interactive, installs `mono`.
-- **TTY install** (download then run): `curl -O .../install.sh && bash install.sh` — prompts `1) mono  2) multi` (default 1).
-- **Override via env**: `DWS_SKILL_MODE=multi curl -fsSL ... | sh`.
-- **Switch later**: `dws skill setup --mode multi` (or `--mode mono`) — re-run any time.
+- **Quick install** (one-liner above): non-interactive, installs `multi`.
+- **TTY install** (download then run): `curl -O .../install.sh && bash install.sh` — prompts `1) multi  2) mono` (default 1).
+- **Override via env**: `DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono curl -fsSL ... | sh`.
+- **Switch later**: `dws skill setup --mode mono` (or `--mode multi`) — review the listed paths and confirm interactively.
 
 </details>
 
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ The verifier uses isolated directories and does not replace the `dws` on the cur
 The upgrade process follows a two-phase atomic flow to ensure consistency:
 
 1. **Prepare** — downloads the platform-specific binary and skill packages to a temporary directory, verifies SHA256 checksums, and extracts/validates all files. If any step fails, the upgrade aborts without modifying the existing installation.
-2. **Apply** — only after all preparations succeed, the binary is replaced and skill packages are installed to all detected agent directories (`~/.agents/skills/dws`, `~/.claude/skills/dws`, `~/.cursor/skills/dws`, etc.).
+2. **Apply** — only after all preparations succeed, the binary is replaced and skills are flattened into detected agent-specific roots (for example `~/.codex/skills/dingtalk-chat`). `~/.agents/skills` is used only when no specific Agent is detected; once a specific root is active, older DWS-managed generic copies are backed up and retired so the same Skill is not discovered twice.
 
 A backup of the current version is automatically created before each upgrade. Use `dws upgrade --rollback` to restore the previous version if needed.
 
@@ -391,19 +393,19 @@ dws aitable record query --base-id BASE_ID --table-id TABLE_ID --limit 10
 
 The repo ships a complete Agent Skill system under `skills/`, organized into two layouts:
 
-- `skills/mono/` — single-skill layout (one `SKILL.md` + `references/products/`), recommended default.
-- `skills/multi/` — per-product skills (`dingtalk-aitable/`, `dingtalk-calendar/`, `dingtalk-chat/`, ...), each with its own `SKILL.md`.
+- `skills/mono/` — single-skill layout (one `SKILL.md` + `references/products/`), legacy.
+- `skills/multi/` — per-product skills (`dingtalk-aitable/`, `dingtalk-calendar/`, `dingtalk-chat/`, ...), each with its own `SKILL.md`. Default layout.
 
 Leaf safety/parameters/selection prose for Schema generation come from ProductDecl / ContractFinal declarations in Go. The former `internal/cli/schema_hints/` HintFile tree is fully retired and must not reappear.
 
 After installing, AI tools like Claude Code / Cursor can operate DingTalk directly through natural language:
 
 ```bash
-# Install skills into current project (defaults to mono)
+# Install skills into current project (defaults to multi; DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono switches back)
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/main/scripts/install-skills.sh | sh
 ```
 
-> `install.sh` installs to `$HOME/.agents/skills/dws` (global); `install-skills.sh` installs to `./.agents/skills/dws` (current project).
+> Installers prefer detected agent-specific roots such as `$HOME/.codex/skills/`. They use `.agents/skills/` only as the generic fallback when no specific Agent is detected; multi layout is per-product siblings, while mono uses the `dws/` subdirectory.
 >
 > China users: prefix `DWS_GITEE_REPO` to use the Gitee mirror — see [China mirror](#china-mirror).
 
@@ -413,22 +415,31 @@ curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace
 # Interactive: prompts for mode + target agents
 dws skill setup
 
-# Install mono skill to every detected agent home (claude / cursor / codex / opencode / qoder)
-dws skill setup --mode mono --target all --yes
+# Preview the exact directories that mono setup would back up and replace
+dws skill setup --mode mono --target all --dry-run
 
-# Install multi skills to a single agent home
-dws skill setup --mode multi --target cursor --yes
+# Run interactively and confirm the listed directories
+dws skill setup --mode mono --target all
 
-# Point at a local source tree (e.g. a fork or work-in-progress)
+# Preview, then install multi skills to a single agent home with interactive confirmation
+dws skill setup --mode multi --target cursor --dry-run
+dws skill setup --mode multi --target cursor
+
+# Point at a local source tree (e.g. a fork or work-in-progress), preview first
+DWS_SKILL_SOURCE=/path/to/skills dws skill setup --mode multi --dry-run
 DWS_SKILL_SOURCE=/path/to/skills dws skill setup --mode multi
 ```
 
 | Flag | Values | Description |
 |------|--------|-------------|
 | `--mode` | `mono` \| `multi` | Skill layout; defaults to interactive prompt |
-| `--target` | `all` \| `claude` \| `cursor` \| `codex` \| `opencode` \| `qoder` | Where to install; `all` covers every detected agent home |
+| `--target` | `all` \| `claude` \| `cursor` \| `codex` \| `zcode` \| `opencode` \| `qoder` | Where to install; `all` covers every detected agent home, including ZCode at `~/.zcode/skills` |
 | `--source` | path | Local source directory (overrides bundled skills) |
-| `--yes` | — | Skip confirmation prompts |
+| `--yes` | — | Scripting-only: skip the confirmation prompt. Removals are still backed up to `~/.dws/skill-backups/` first |
+
+> The setup command can remove the opposite-mode layout (`dws/` for multi, DWS-managed multi Skills for mono) and stale managed Skills not in the bundle. DWS records ownership, installer version, source, and content digest centrally in `~/.dws/skills-state.json` (or `$DWS_CONFIG_DIR/skills-state.json`). Exact official names shipped before the centralized state remain a frozen migration list. A `dingtalk-*` prefix alone never authorizes cleanup, so other same-prefix market/user Skills are preserved. Every removal is previewed before confirmation and preserved under `~/.dws/skill-backups/<timestamp>/`; a directory that cannot be backed up is never removed. In a non-interactive shell, first run `--dry-run` and inspect its output; only then may the caller explicitly choose the scripting-only confirmation bypass.
+
+After a multi setup or upgrade, DWS stores the official bundle snapshot and centralized ownership metadata in `~/.dws/skills-state.json` (or `$DWS_CONFIG_DIR/skills-state.json`). Every upgrade installs and overwrites the complete bundled Skill set from that release. Deleting or excluding a bundled Skill is not sticky: the next upgrade restores it. `dws upgrade --force` additionally allows reinstalling the current CLI version when no newer version is available.
 
 Env vars: `DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono|multi` (also honored by `install.sh` / `install.ps1`), `DWS_SKILL_SOURCE=<path>`.
 
@@ -726,7 +737,7 @@ See [`docs/robot-quickstart.md`](./docs/robot-quickstart.md) for the full 4-step
 <summary>Coming soon</summary>
 
 - `conference` (video meetings)
-- Multi-skill mode (experimental) — per-product skills under `skills/multi/`; opt in via `dws skill setup --mode multi`
+- Multi-skill mode (default) — per-product skills under `skills/multi/`; installs and upgrades default to it, `dws skill setup --mode mono` switches back after interactive confirmation
 
 </details>
 

README_zh.md

@@ -70,15 +70,17 @@ irm https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/ma
 
 | 模式 | 安装内容 | 适合场景 |
 |------|----------|----------|
-| **mono**（稳定，默认） | 一个 `dws` skill，覆盖全部产品 | 跨产品组合操作；单一入口召唤 |
-| **multi** | 按产品拆分的独立 skill（`dingtalk-aitable` / `dingtalk-calendar` / `dingtalk-chat` ...） | 单产品任务；每次召唤上下文更小 |
+| **multi**（默认） | 按产品拆分的独立 skill（`dingtalk-aitable` / `dingtalk-calendar` / `dingtalk-chat` ...） | 单产品任务；每次召唤上下文更小 |
+| **mono**（legacy） | 一个 `dws` skill，覆盖全部产品 | 跨产品组合操作；单一入口召唤 |
+
+> 安装与升级默认均为 multi。mono 仍可通过 `DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono` 或 `dws skill setup --mode mono` 使用。问题请提 issue 反馈。
 
 怎么选：
 
-- **快速安装**（上方一行 curl）：非交互，默认装 `mono`。
-- **TTY 安装**（先下载再执行）：`curl -O .../install.sh && bash install.sh`，会弹出 `1) mono  2) multi` 选项（默认 1）。
-- **环境变量覆盖**：`DWS_SKILL_MODE=multi curl -fsSL ... | sh`。
-- **装完之后再切换**：`dws skill setup --mode multi`（或 `--mode mono`），随时重跑都行。
+- **快速安装**（上方一行 curl）：非交互，默认装 `multi`。
+- **TTY 安装**（先下载再执行）：`curl -O .../install.sh && bash install.sh`，会弹出 `1) multi  2) mono` 选项（默认 1）。
+- **环境变量覆盖**：`DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono curl -fsSL ... | sh`。
+- **装完之后再切换**：`dws skill setup --mode mono`（或 `--mode multi`），核对列出的路径后交互确认。
 
 </details>
 
@@ -205,7 +207,7 @@ bash verify-all-channels.sh
 升级过程采用两阶段原子流程，确保一致性：
 
 1. **准备阶段** — 将平台对应的二进制文件和技能包下载到临时目录，校验 SHA256 校验和，解压并验证所有文件。任何步骤失败则立即中止，不会修改现有安装。
-2. **执行阶段** — 仅在所有准备工作成功后，替换二进制文件并将技能包安装到所有已检测到的 Agent 目录（`~/.agents/skills/dws`、`~/.claude/skills/dws`、`~/.cursor/skills/dws` 等）。
+2. **执行阶段** — 仅在所有准备工作成功后，替换二进制文件并将技能包平铺到已检测到的具体 Agent 目录（例如 `~/.codex/skills/dingtalk-chat`、`~/.claude/skills/dingtalk-chat`）。只有未检测到具体 Agent 时才使用 `~/.agents/skills`；检测到具体 Agent 后会备份迁走旧的 DWS 通用副本，避免同一 Skill 被重复发现。
 
 每次升级前自动备份当前版本，可通过 `dws upgrade --rollback` 随时回滚。
 
@@ -385,19 +387,19 @@ dws aitable record query --base-id BASE_ID --table-id TABLE_ID --limit 10
 
 仓库内置完整的 Agent Skill 体系（`skills/` 目录），分为两套布局：
 
-- `skills/mono/` — 单 skill 布局（一个 `SKILL.md` + `references/products/`），默认推荐。
-- `skills/multi/` — 每个产品一个独立 skill（`dingtalk-aitable/` / `dingtalk-calendar/` / `dingtalk-chat/` ...），每个 skill 自带 `SKILL.md`。
+- `skills/mono/` — 单 skill 布局（一个 `SKILL.md` + `references/products/`），legacy。
+- `skills/multi/` — 每个产品一个独立 skill（`dingtalk-aitable/` / `dingtalk-calendar/` / `dingtalk-chat/` ...），每个 skill 自带 `SKILL.md`。默认布局。
 
 Schema 生成的叶子 safety/参数/选型文案由 Go 中的 ProductDecl / ContractFinal 声明驱动。原 `internal/cli/schema_hints/` HintFile 目录已完全退役，不得重新引入。
 
 安装之后，Claude Code / Cursor 等 AI 工具就能通过自然语言直接操作钉钉：
 
 ```bash
-# 安装 skills 到当前项目（默认 mono）
+# 安装 skills 到当前项目（默认 multi；DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono 可切回）
 curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/main/scripts/install-skills.sh | sh
 ```
 
-> `install.sh` 安装到 `$HOME/.agents/skills/dws`（全局）；`install-skills.sh` 安装到 `./.agents/skills/dws`（当前项目）。
+> 安装器优先使用检测到的具体 Agent 根目录（如 `$HOME/.codex/skills/`）；仅在未检测到具体 Agent 时回退到 `.agents/skills/`。multi 为按产品平铺，mono 为 `dws/` 子目录。
 >
 > 国内用户加 `DWS_GITEE_REPO` 走 Gitee 镜像，见 [国内加速安装](#国内加速安装)。
 
@@ -407,22 +409,31 @@ curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace
 # 交互式：提示选模式 + 目标 Agent
 dws skill setup
 
-# 把 mono skill 铺到所有检测到的 Agent home（claude / cursor / codex / opencode / qoder）
-dws skill setup --mode mono --target all --yes
+# 先预览 mono setup 将备份和替换的精确目录
+dws skill setup --mode mono --target all --dry-run
 
-# 只装到某一个 Agent home
-dws skill setup --mode multi --target cursor --yes
+# 交互执行并确认列出的目录
+dws skill setup --mode mono --target all
 
-# 指定本地源目录（比如 fork 或正在改的版本）
+# 先预览，再交互确认装到某一个 Agent home
+dws skill setup --mode multi --target cursor --dry-run
+dws skill setup --mode multi --target cursor
+
+# 指定本地源目录（比如 fork 或正在改的版本），先预览
+DWS_SKILL_SOURCE=/path/to/skills dws skill setup --mode multi --dry-run
 DWS_SKILL_SOURCE=/path/to/skills dws skill setup --mode multi
 ```
 
 | 参数 | 取值 | 说明 |
 |------|------|------|
 | `--mode` | `mono` \| `multi` | skill 布局，不指定则交互式询问 |
-| `--target` | `all` \| `claude` \| `cursor` \| `codex` \| `opencode` \| `qoder` | 安装目标，`all` 表示铺到所有检测到的 Agent home |
+| `--target` | `all` \| `claude` \| `cursor` \| `codex` \| `zcode` \| `opencode` \| `qoder` | 安装目标；`all` 表示铺到检测到的具体 Agent home（ZCode 为 `~/.zcode/skills`），仅在未检测到具体 Agent 时回退到 `~/.agents/skills` |
 | `--source` | 路径 | 本地源目录（覆盖内置 skills） |
-| `--yes` | — | 跳过确认提示 |
+| `--yes` | — | 仅供脚本使用：跳过确认提示。删除操作仍会先备份到 `~/.dws/skill-backups/` |
+
+> setup 命令可能移除对面模式残留（装 multi 删 `dws/`，装 mono 清理统一状态中登记或属于状态上线前精确官方名称集合的 multi Skill）以及不在 bundle 内的过期受管 Skill。DWS 在 `~/.dws/skills-state.json`（或 `$DWS_CONFIG_DIR/skills-state.json`）集中记录所有权、安装版本、来源和内容摘要。仅有 `dingtalk-*` 前缀不能触发清理，因此其他同前缀市场/用户 Skill 会保留。所有删除都会先列入确认预览，并备份到 `~/.dws/skill-backups/<时间戳>/`；备份失败的目录会保留原样、绝不删除。非交互环境应先用 `--dry-run` 核对输出，再由调用方显式决定是否使用仅供脚本的确认跳过参数。
+
+multi setup 或 upgrade 后，DWS 会把官方 bundle 快照和统一所有权元数据写入 `~/.dws/skills-state.json`（或 `$DWS_CONFIG_DIR/skills-state.json`）。每次 upgrade 都会安装并覆盖该版本的全部预制 Skill；手工删除或通过 setup 排除预制 Skill 不会永久保留，下次 upgrade 会恢复。`dws upgrade --force` 还允许在没有新版本时重装当前 CLI 版本。
 
 环境变量：`DWS_SKILL_MODE=mono|multi`（`install.sh` / `install.ps1` 也认）、`DWS_SKILL_SOURCE=<路径>`。
 
@@ -715,7 +726,7 @@ dws dev connect --channel auto --robot-client-id <id> --robot-client-secret <sec
 <summary>即将推出</summary>
 
 - `conference`（视频会议）
-- 多 skill 模式（实验中）— 每产品一个独立 skill，位于 `skills/multi/`，通过 `dws skill setup --mode multi` 启用
+- 多 skill 模式（默认）— 每产品一个独立 skill，位于 `skills/multi/`，安装与升级默认启用；`dws skill setup --mode mono` 交互确认后可切回单 skill
 
 </details>
 

build/npm/install.js

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 "use strict";
 
 const fs = require("fs");
+const crypto = require("crypto");
 const os = require("os");
 const path = require("path");
 const childProcess = require("child_process");
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ const AGENT_DIRS = [
   ".qoderwork/skills",
   ".gemini/skills",
   ".codex/skills",
+  ".zcode/skills",
   ".github/skills",
   ".windsurf/skills",
   ".augment/skills",
@@ -45,6 +47,58 @@ function ensureCleanDir(dir) {
   fs.mkdirSync(dir, { recursive: true });
 }
 
+// backupStamp returns the UTC timestamp used for backup directory names,
+// matching the shell installers' `date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S` layout.
+function backupStamp() {
+  const d = new Date();
+  const pad = (n) => String(n).padStart(2, "0");
+  return (
+    `${d.getUTCFullYear()}${pad(d.getUTCMonth() + 1)}${pad(d.getUTCDate())}` +
+    `-${pad(d.getUTCHours())}${pad(d.getUTCMinutes())}${pad(d.getUTCSeconds())}`
+  );
+}
+
+// backupAndRemoveSkillDir moves dir into <homeDir>/.dws/skill-backups/
+// <stamp>/<rel-or-basename> instead of destroying it (non-interactive
+// installs cannot confirm, so removals must stay reversible). Missing paths
+// are a no-op success. On any backup failure the directory is left in place
+// and false is returned so callers skip that target rather than silently
+// deleting data.
+function backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, dir, backups = null, renameFn = fs.renameSync) {
+  if (!fs.existsSync(dir) || !fs.statSync(dir).isDirectory()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  const rel = path.relative(homeDir, dir);
+  const name =
+    rel && rel !== "." && !rel.startsWith("..") && !path.isAbsolute(rel)
+      ? rel.split(path.sep).join("-")
+      : path.basename(dir);
+  const stamp = backupStamp();
+  const backupRoot = path.join(homeDir, ".dws", "skill-backups");
+  let targetRoot = path.join(backupRoot, stamp);
+  let target = path.join(targetRoot, name);
+  for (let i = 1; fs.existsSync(target); i++) {
+    if (i > 1000) {
+      console.warn(`⚠️  备份目录冲突，保留原目录 ${dir}`);
+      return false;
+    }
+    targetRoot = path.join(backupRoot, `${stamp}-${i}`);
+    target = path.join(targetRoot, name);
+  }
+  try {
+    fs.mkdirSync(targetRoot, { recursive: true });
+    renameFn(dir, target);
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.warn(`⚠️  备份失败，保留原目录 ${dir}: ${err.message}`);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (backups) {
+    backups.push({ original: dir, backup: target });
+  }
+  console.log(`  × 已备份并移除 ${dir} → ${target}`);
+  return true;
+}
+
 function findBinary(root) {
   const entries = fs.readdirSync(root, { withFileTypes: true });
   for (const entry of entries) {
@@ -117,47 +171,587 @@ function copyChildren(srcDir, destDir) {
   }
 }
 
+// publishCacheAtomically prepares a complete sibling tree before replacing a
+// cache. If copying or publishing fails, the previous cache stays available.
+// copyFn is injectable so the failure contract can be tested without relying
+// on platform-specific permission behavior.
+function publishCacheAtomically(sourceDir, cacheDir, copyFn = copyChildren) {
+  const cacheParent = path.dirname(cacheDir);
+  const cacheName = path.basename(cacheDir);
+  fs.mkdirSync(cacheParent, { recursive: true });
+
+  const stagedDir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(cacheParent, `.${cacheName}.tmp-`));
+  let rollbackDir = "";
+  let published = false;
+  try {
+    copyFn(sourceDir, stagedDir);
+
+    if (fs.existsSync(cacheDir)) {
+      rollbackDir = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(cacheParent, `.${cacheName}.old-`));
+      fs.rmSync(rollbackDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+      fs.renameSync(cacheDir, rollbackDir);
+    }
+
+    try {
+      fs.renameSync(stagedDir, cacheDir);
+      published = true;
+    } catch (publishErr) {
+      if (rollbackDir) {
+        try {
+          fs.renameSync(rollbackDir, cacheDir);
+          rollbackDir = "";
+        } catch (restoreErr) {
+          throw new Error(
+            `failed to publish cache ${cacheDir}: ${publishErr.message}; ` +
+              `failed to restore previous cache from ${rollbackDir}: ${restoreErr.message}`,
+          );
+        }
+      }
+      throw publishErr;
+    }
+
+    if (rollbackDir) {
+      try {
+        fs.rmSync(rollbackDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+      } catch (cleanupErr) {
+        console.warn(
+          `⚠️  New cache is active, but old cache cleanup failed at ${rollbackDir}: ${cleanupErr.message}`,
+        );
+      }
+      rollbackDir = "";
+    }
+  } finally {
+    if (!published) {
+      fs.rmSync(stagedDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 function installSkillsToHomes(skillRoot) {
   const homeDir = os.homedir();
+  const managedNames = readManagedSkillNames(homeDir);
   let installed = 0;
+  let attempted = 0;
+  let failed = 0;
+
+  const specificAgentDirs = AGENT_DIRS.slice(1).filter((agentDir) =>
+    fs.existsSync(path.dirname(path.join(homeDir, agentDir))),
+  );
+
+  const installToBase = (baseDir) => {
+    const victims = [path.join(baseDir, "dws")];
+    if (fs.existsSync(baseDir)) {
+      for (const entry of fs.readdirSync(baseDir, { withFileTypes: true })) {
+        if (entry.isDirectory() && isManagedMultiSkillDir(path.join(baseDir, entry.name), managedNames)) {
+          victims.push(path.join(baseDir, entry.name));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    try {
+      publishManagedMonoSkillSetAtomically(homeDir, skillRoot, baseDir, victims);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(`⚠️  跳过 ${baseDir}（mono 集合发布失败，已回滚）: ${err.message}`);
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
 
   AGENT_DIRS.forEach((agentDir, index) => {
+    if (index === 0 && specificAgentDirs.length > 0) {
+      return;
+    }
     const baseDir = path.join(homeDir, agentDir);
     const parentGate = path.dirname(baseDir);
     if (index > 0 && !fs.existsSync(parentGate)) {
       return;
     }
-    const destDir = path.join(baseDir, "dws");
-    fs.rmSync(destDir, { recursive: true, force: true });
-    copyChildren(skillRoot, destDir);
-    installed += 1;
+    attempted += 1;
+    if (installToBase(baseDir)) {
+      installed += 1;
+    } else {
+      failed += 1;
+    }
   });
 
-  if (installed === 0) {
-    copyChildren(skillRoot, path.join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills", "dws"));
+  if (specificAgentDirs.length > 0 && installed > 0) {
+    try {
+      retireGenericSkillRoot(homeDir, managedNames);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(`⚠️  通用 Skill 副本迁移失败: ${err.message}`);
+      failed += 1;
+    }
   }
+
+  if (attempted === 0) {
+    if (installToBase(path.join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills"))) {
+      installed += 1;
+    } else {
+      failed += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (installed === 0) {
+    throw new Error("未安装任何 mono Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败");
+  }
+  if (failed > 0) {
+    throw new Error(`有 ${failed} 个 Agent 目标安装 mono Skill 失败`);
+  }
+  fs.rmSync(path.join(skillStateDir(homeDir), "skills-state.json"), { force: true });
+}
+
+// multiTreeHasSkills mirrors multi_tree_has_skills in scripts/install.sh and
+// Test-MultiTreeHasSkills in scripts/install.ps1: true only when the multi
+// bundle carries at least one product skill (a subdir with SKILL.md). An
+// empty or corrupt multi/ tree must never select the multi branch nor refresh
+// the multi cache — installing it would wipe existing skills and lay down
+// nothing.
+function multiTreeHasSkills(dir) {
+  if (!fs.existsSync(dir) || !fs.statSync(dir).isDirectory()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return fs
+    .readdirSync(dir, { withFileTypes: true })
+    .some((e) => e.isDirectory() && fs.existsSync(path.join(dir, e.name, "SKILL.md")));
+}
+
+const MANAGED_SKILL_DIGEST_SCOPE = "skill-directory-v1";
+// Frozen exact names shipped before centralized ownership metadata. Retired
+// names stay here so old installs can be migrated without treating every
+// dingtalk-* directory as DWS-owned.
+const LEGACY_OFFICIAL_MULTI_SKILLS = new Set([
+  "dingtalk-agoal", "dingtalk-aiapp", "dingtalk-aisearch", "dingtalk-aitable",
+  "dingtalk-attendance", "dingtalk-calendar", "dingtalk-chat", "dingtalk-contact",
+  "dingtalk-dev", "dingtalk-devapp", "dingtalk-devdoc", "dingtalk-ding",
+  "dingtalk-doc", "dingtalk-drive", "dingtalk-event", "dingtalk-hrbrain",
+  "dingtalk-live", "dingtalk-mail", "dingtalk-markdown", "dingtalk-minutes",
+  "dingtalk-misc", "dingtalk-oa", "dingtalk-pat", "dingtalk-profile",
+  "dingtalk-report", "dingtalk-shared", "dingtalk-sheet", "dingtalk-skill",
+  "dingtalk-todo", "dingtalk-wiki", "dws-shared",
+]);
+
+function skillStateDir(homeDir) {
+  return (process.env.DWS_CONFIG_DIR || "").trim() || path.join(homeDir, ".dws");
+}
+
+function readManagedSkillNames(homeDir) {
+  try {
+    const state = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(skillStateDir(homeDir), "skills-state.json"), "utf8"));
+    return new Set((state.managed_skills || []).map((record) => record.name).filter(Boolean));
+  } catch (_) {
+    return new Set();
+  }
+}
+
+function isManagedMultiSkillDir(dir, managedNames) {
+  const name = path.basename(dir);
+  return LEGACY_OFFICIAL_MULTI_SKILLS.has(name) || managedNames.has(name);
+}
+
+function retireGenericSkillRoot(homeDir, managedNames) {
+  const baseDir = path.join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills");
+  const victims = [path.join(baseDir, "dws")];
+  if (fs.existsSync(baseDir)) {
+    for (const entry of fs.readdirSync(baseDir, { withFileTypes: true })) {
+      if (entry.isDirectory() && isManagedMultiSkillDir(path.join(baseDir, entry.name), managedNames)) {
+        victims.push(path.join(baseDir, entry.name));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  const backups = [];
+  try {
+    for (const victim of victims) {
+      if (!backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, victim, backups)) {
+        throw new Error(`failed to back up Skill directory ${victim}`);
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    const restoreErrors = [];
+    for (let i = backups.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+      try {
+        fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(backups[i].original), { recursive: true });
+        fs.renameSync(backups[i].backup, backups[i].original);
+      } catch (restoreErr) {
+        restoreErrors.push(`${backups[i].original}: ${restoreErr.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+    if (restoreErrors.length > 0) {
+      throw new Error(`${err.message}; generic-root rollback failed: ${restoreErrors.join("; ")}`);
+    }
+    throw err;
+  }
+}
+
+function skillDirectoryDigest(dir) {
+  const files = [];
+  const visit = (current, prefix) => {
+    for (const entry of fs.readdirSync(current, { withFileTypes: true })) {
+      const rel = prefix ? `${prefix}/${entry.name}` : entry.name;
+      const full = path.join(current, entry.name);
+      if (entry.isDirectory()) {
+        visit(full, rel);
+      } else {
+        files.push({ rel, full });
+      }
+    }
+  };
+  visit(dir, "");
+  files.sort((a, b) => Buffer.from(a.rel).compare(Buffer.from(b.rel)));
+  const hash = crypto.createHash("sha256");
+  for (const file of files) {
+    hash.update(file.rel, "utf8");
+    hash.update(Buffer.from([0]));
+    hash.update(fs.readFileSync(file.full));
+    hash.update(Buffer.from([0]));
+  }
+  return `sha256:${hash.digest("hex")}`;
+}
+
+// Publish a complete multi-skill set as one transaction. The entire new set
+// is staged before any Agent-visible directory moves. If a later backup or
+// publish fails, every partial publication is removed and all old directories
+// are restored from their exact backup paths.
+function publishManagedMultiSkillSetAtomically(
+  homeDir,
+  multiRoot,
+  baseDir,
+  skills,
+  victims,
+  options = {},
+) {
+  const copyFn = options.copyFn || copyChildren;
+  const renameFn = options.renameFn || fs.renameSync;
+  const removeFn = options.removeFn || ((dir) => fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+  fs.mkdirSync(baseDir, { recursive: true });
+  const stageRoot = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(baseDir, ".dws-multi-set.tmp-"));
+  const staged = [];
+  const backups = [];
+  const published = [];
+
+  const restore = () => {
+    const restoreErrors = [];
+    for (let i = published.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+      try {
+        removeFn(published[i]);
+      } catch (err) {
+        restoreErrors.push(`remove ${published[i]}: ${err.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+    for (let i = backups.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+      const item = backups[i];
+      try {
+        fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(item.original), { recursive: true });
+        renameFn(item.backup, item.original);
+      } catch (err) {
+        restoreErrors.push(`restore ${item.original} from ${item.backup}: ${err.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+    if (restoreErrors.length > 0) {
+      throw new Error(restoreErrors.join("; "));
+    }
+  };
+
+  try {
+    for (const name of skills) {
+      const stagedDir = path.join(stageRoot, name);
+      copyFn(path.join(multiRoot, name), stagedDir);
+      staged.push({ staged: stagedDir, dest: path.join(baseDir, name) });
+    }
+
+    const seen = new Set();
+    for (const victim of victims) {
+      const normalized = path.resolve(victim);
+      if (seen.has(normalized)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      seen.add(normalized);
+      if (!backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, victim, backups, renameFn)) {
+        throw new Error(`failed to back up Skill directory ${victim}`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    for (const item of staged) {
+      renameFn(item.staged, item.dest);
+      published.push(item.dest);
+    }
+  } catch (err) {
+    try {
+      restore();
+    } catch (restoreErr) {
+      throw new Error(`${err.message}; rollback failed: ${restoreErr.message}`);
+    }
+    throw err;
+  } finally {
+    removeFn(stageRoot);
+  }
+}
+
+// Publish mono plus every mutually-exclusive managed multi victim as one
+// transaction. The complete dws/ tree is staged before any live directory is
+// moved; a later backup or publish failure restores the exact previous set.
+function publishManagedMonoSkillSetAtomically(
+  homeDir,
+  monoRoot,
+  baseDir,
+  victims,
+  options = {},
+) {
+  const copyFn = options.copyFn || copyChildren;
+  const renameFn = options.renameFn || fs.renameSync;
+  const removeFn = options.removeFn || ((dir) => fs.rmSync(dir, { recursive: true, force: true }));
+  fs.mkdirSync(baseDir, { recursive: true });
+  const stageRoot = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(baseDir, ".dws-mono-set.tmp-"));
+  const stagedDir = path.join(stageRoot, "dws");
+  const destDir = path.join(baseDir, "dws");
+  const backups = [];
+  const published = [];
+
+  const restore = () => {
+    const restoreErrors = [];
+    for (let i = published.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+      try {
+        removeFn(published[i]);
+      } catch (err) {
+        restoreErrors.push(`remove ${published[i]}: ${err.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+    for (let i = backups.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+      const item = backups[i];
+      try {
+        fs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(item.original), { recursive: true });
+        renameFn(item.backup, item.original);
+      } catch (err) {
+        restoreErrors.push(`restore ${item.original} from ${item.backup}: ${err.message}`);
+      }
+    }
+    if (restoreErrors.length > 0) {
+      throw new Error(restoreErrors.join("; "));
+    }
+  };
+
+  try {
+    copyFn(monoRoot, stagedDir);
+
+    const seen = new Set();
+    for (const victim of victims) {
+      const normalized = path.resolve(victim);
+      if (seen.has(normalized)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      seen.add(normalized);
+      if (!backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, victim, backups, renameFn)) {
+        throw new Error(`failed to back up Skill directory ${victim}`);
+      }
+    }
+
+    published.push(destDir);
+    renameFn(stagedDir, destDir);
+  } catch (err) {
+    try {
+      restore();
+    } catch (restoreErr) {
+      throw new Error(`${err.message}; rollback failed: ${restoreErr.message}`);
+    }
+    throw err;
+  } finally {
+    removeFn(stageRoot);
+  }
+}
+
+function writeSkillsState(homeDir, multiRoot, skills) {
+  const version = process.env.npm_package_version || process.env.DWS_PACKAGE_VERSION || "unknown";
+  const managedSkills = [...skills].sort().map((name) => ({
+    name,
+    version,
+    source: "npm-postinstall",
+    digest: skillDirectoryDigest(path.join(multiRoot, name)),
+    digest_scope: MANAGED_SKILL_DIGEST_SCOPE,
+  }));
+  const state = {
+    version,
+    official_skills: [...skills].sort(),
+    updated_skills: [...skills].sort(),
+    managed_skills: managedSkills,
+    updated_at: new Date().toISOString(),
+  };
+  const stateDir = skillStateDir(homeDir);
+  fs.mkdirSync(stateDir, { recursive: true });
+  const stage = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(stateDir, ".skills-state.tmp-"));
+  const stagedFile = path.join(stage, "skills-state.json");
+  const statePath = path.join(stateDir, "skills-state.json");
+  const rollbackPath = path.join(stage, "skills-state.previous.json");
+  let movedPrevious = false;
+  let preserveRecovery = false;
+  try {
+    fs.writeFileSync(stagedFile, `${JSON.stringify(state, null, 2)}\n`, "utf8");
+    if (fs.existsSync(statePath)) {
+      fs.renameSync(statePath, rollbackPath);
+      movedPrevious = true;
+    }
+    try {
+      fs.renameSync(stagedFile, statePath);
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (movedPrevious && !fs.existsSync(statePath)) {
+        try {
+          fs.renameSync(rollbackPath, statePath);
+          movedPrevious = false;
+        } catch (restoreErr) {
+          preserveRecovery = true;
+          throw new Error(
+            `publish skills state failed: ${err.message}; restore also failed: ${restoreErr.message}; previous state retained at ${rollbackPath}`,
+          );
+        }
+      }
+      throw err;
+    }
+  } finally {
+    if (!preserveRecovery) {
+      fs.rmSync(stage, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// installMultiSkillsToHomes mirrors installSkillsToHomes for the multi bundle:
+// every product skill becomes a sibling directory of the agent home. Mutual
+// exclusion: the mono leftover (dws/) and stale, proven DWS-managed skills not
+// present in the new bundle are removed first.
+function installMultiSkillsToHomes(multiRoot) {
+  const homeDir = os.homedir();
+  const skills = fs
+    .readdirSync(multiRoot, { withFileTypes: true })
+    .filter((e) => e.isDirectory() && fs.existsSync(path.join(multiRoot, e.name, "SKILL.md")))
+    .map((e) => e.name);
+  if (skills.length === 0) {
+    throw new Error(`no product skills found under ${multiRoot}`);
+  }
+  const skillSet = new Set(skills);
+  const managedNames = readManagedSkillNames(homeDir);
+  let installed = 0;
+  let attempted = 0;
+  let failed = 0;
+
+  const specificAgentDirs = AGENT_DIRS.slice(1).filter((agentDir) =>
+    fs.existsSync(path.dirname(path.join(homeDir, agentDir))),
+  );
+
+  const installToBase = (baseDir) => {
+    fs.mkdirSync(baseDir, { recursive: true });
+    const victims = [path.join(baseDir, "dws")];
+    // Mutual exclusion: include the mono leftover and stale managed skills in
+    // the same transaction as every replaced bundled skill.
+    for (const entry of fs.readdirSync(baseDir, { withFileTypes: true })) {
+      if (
+        entry.isDirectory() &&
+        (LEGACY_OFFICIAL_MULTI_SKILLS.has(entry.name) || managedNames.has(entry.name)) &&
+        !skillSet.has(entry.name)
+      ) {
+        victims.push(path.join(baseDir, entry.name));
+      }
+    }
+    for (const name of skills) {
+      victims.push(path.join(baseDir, name));
+    }
+    try {
+      publishManagedMultiSkillSetAtomically(homeDir, multiRoot, baseDir, skills, victims);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(`⚠️  跳过 ${baseDir}（multi 集合发布失败，已回滚）: ${err.message}`);
+      return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
+
+  AGENT_DIRS.forEach((agentDir, index) => {
+    if (index === 0 && specificAgentDirs.length > 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const baseDir = path.join(homeDir, agentDir);
+    const parentGate = path.dirname(baseDir);
+    if (index > 0 && !fs.existsSync(parentGate)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    attempted += 1;
+    if (installToBase(baseDir)) {
+      installed += 1;
+    } else {
+      failed += 1;
+    }
+  });
+
+  if (specificAgentDirs.length > 0 && installed > 0) {
+    try {
+      retireGenericSkillRoot(homeDir, managedNames);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.warn(`⚠️  通用 Skill 副本迁移失败: ${err.message}`);
+      failed += 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (attempted === 0) {
+    if (installToBase(path.join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills"))) {
+      installed += 1;
+    } else {
+      failed += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (installed === 0) {
+    throw new Error("未安装任何 multi Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败");
+  }
+  if (failed > 0) {
+    throw new Error(`有 ${failed} 个 Agent 目标安装 multi Skill 失败`);
+  }
+  writeSkillsState(homeDir, multiRoot, skills);
+}
+
+// resolveSkillMode mirrors scripts/install.sh: DWS_SKILL_MODE (mono|multi)
+// wins; multi is the default. The --skill-mode flag accepts both the space
+// form (`--skill-mode mono`) and the equals form (`--skill-mode=mono`).
+function resolveSkillMode() {
+  const raw = (process.env.DWS_SKILL_MODE || "").trim().toLowerCase();
+  if (raw === "mono" || raw === "multi") {
+    return raw;
+  }
+  if (raw !== "") {
+    throw new Error(`invalid DWS_SKILL_MODE='${process.env.DWS_SKILL_MODE}'. Use 'mono' or 'multi'.`);
+  }
+  let fromFlag;
+  const flagIndex = process.argv.indexOf("--skill-mode");
+  if (flagIndex !== -1 && process.argv[flagIndex + 1]) {
+    fromFlag = process.argv[flagIndex + 1];
+  } else {
+    const equalsArg = process.argv.find((arg) => arg.startsWith("--skill-mode="));
+    if (equalsArg) {
+      fromFlag = equalsArg.slice("--skill-mode=".length);
+    }
+  }
+  if (fromFlag !== undefined) {
+    const mode = fromFlag.trim().toLowerCase();
+    if (mode === "mono" || mode === "multi") {
+      return mode;
+    }
+    throw new Error(`invalid --skill-mode '${fromFlag}'. Use 'mono' or 'multi'.`);
+  }
+  return "multi";
 }
 
 // cacheUserSkills copies the mono and multi trees out of the freshly extracted
 // dws-skills.zip into ~/.dws/skills/{mono,multi}/ so that `dws skill setup`
-// can fall back to a user-local cache when --source is not provided. mono is
-// already installed into agent homes by installSkillsToHomes; the cache is
-// purely a source-of-truth for the setup command.
+// can fall back to a user-local cache when --source is not provided. A cache
+// is only refreshed when the new bundle actually carries that tree — an
+// empty/corrupt multi/ (or a missing mono tree) must never wipe a previously
+// good cache.
 function cacheUserSkills(extractedSkillsRoot) {
   const cacheBase = path.join(os.homedir(), ".dws", "skills");
 
   const monoSource = fs.existsSync(path.join(extractedSkillsRoot, "mono", "SKILL.md"))
     ? path.join(extractedSkillsRoot, "mono")
     : extractedSkillsRoot;
-  const monoCache = path.join(cacheBase, "mono");
-  fs.rmSync(monoCache, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  copyChildren(monoSource, monoCache);
+  if (fs.existsSync(path.join(monoSource, "SKILL.md"))) {
+    const monoCache = path.join(cacheBase, "mono");
+    publishCacheAtomically(monoSource, monoCache);
+  }
 
   const multiSource = path.join(extractedSkillsRoot, "multi");
-  if (fs.existsSync(multiSource) && fs.statSync(multiSource).isDirectory()) {
+  if (multiTreeHasSkills(multiSource)) {
     const multiCache = path.join(cacheBase, "multi");
-    fs.rmSync(multiCache, { recursive: true, force: true });
-    copyChildren(multiSource, multiCache);
+    publishCacheAtomically(multiSource, multiCache);
   }
 }
 
@@ -191,8 +785,34 @@ function main() {
   const monoRoot = fs.existsSync(path.join(skillsStaging, "mono", "SKILL.md"))
     ? path.join(skillsStaging, "mono")
     : skillsStaging;
-  installSkillsToHomes(monoRoot);
+  // A mono install requires an actual SKILL.md at the root of monoRoot. On a
+  // multi-only zip monoRoot would degrade to the staging root and copy the
+  // whole bundle (multi/ included) into a dws/ directory — skip instead.
+  const monoHasSkill = fs.existsSync(path.join(monoRoot, "SKILL.md"));
+  const multiRoot = path.join(skillsStaging, "multi");
+  const skillMode = resolveSkillMode();
+  if (skillMode === "multi" && multiTreeHasSkills(multiRoot)) {
+    console.log(`Skill mode: multi — installing per-product skills`);
+    installMultiSkillsToHomes(multiRoot);
+  } else {
+    if (skillMode === "multi") {
+      console.log("multi skill tree not found or empty in bundle; falling back to mono.");
+    }
+    if (monoHasSkill) {
+      installSkillsToHomes(monoRoot);
+    } else {
+      console.log("mono skill tree not found in bundle; skipping skill install.");
+    }
+  }
   cacheUserSkills(skillsStaging);
 }
 
-main();
+if (require.main === module) {
+  main();
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  publishCacheAtomically,
+  publishManagedMonoSkillSetAtomically,
+  publishManagedMultiSkillSetAtomically,
+};

docs/ci-pr-gates.md

@@ -48,8 +48,12 @@ It then runs:
   --fast-path "$PR_BASE_SHA" HEAD
 ```
 
-Because the verified PR diff contains only `CHANGELOG.md`, the validator and
-its policy dependencies in that merge tree are byte-for-byte the current base
+The exact fast path remains limited to historic one-file maintenance. A
+release-seal PR uses `--content-only`, which permits the generated
+`CHANGELOG.md` change together with archival moves from `.changes/` to
+`.changes/released/`; it receives the normal scoped admission instead of this
+fast path. Ordinary PRs must not modify `CHANGELOG.md`; they add a standalone
+release fragment instead. The validator and its policy dependencies in that merge tree are byte-for-byte the current base
 versions. Validation targets the synthetic merge tree, not the feature-branch
 tree, so a stale branch cannot supply an older validator or combine with newer
 base notes into an invalid final CHANGELOG.
@@ -79,10 +83,12 @@ to the complete main admission suite. A source change can therefore never
 inherit the CHANGELOG-only result.
 
 Any PR that touches `CHANGELOG.md` but also changes another file runs the same
-content contract in `Policy` with `--content-only`. That mode permits the
-second file but still rejects invalid dates or versions, missing bullets,
-placeholder `TODO`/`TBD`, unmanaged-section changes, and unsafe tree modes.
-Adding a second file therefore cannot bypass CHANGELOG validation.
+content contract in `Policy` with `--content-only`. That mode accepts only
+fragment archival moves (`.changes/<name>.md` to
+`.changes/released/<version>/<name>.md`) alongside the changelog; source and
+documentation changes are rejected. It still rejects invalid dates or
+versions, missing bullets, placeholder `TODO`/`TBD`, unmanaged-section
+changes, and unsafe tree modes.
 
 ## Risk tiers and downstream boundaries
 
@@ -184,11 +190,11 @@ Schema，并让 candidate 对两份历史 contract 独立执行检查；它只
 lifecycle 的 exact rename 规范化到当前历史副本，不会维护第二份 allowlist，也不会
 放宽其他 Schema 历史字段。
 
-For an exact CHANGELOG-only branch:
+For a release-seal branch that archives rendered fragments:
 
 ```sh
 base_ref=$(git merge-base HEAD origin/main)
-./scripts/policy/check-changelog-pr.sh --fast-path "$base_ref" HEAD
+./scripts/policy/check-changelog-pr.sh --content-only "$base_ref" HEAD
 ```
 
 `make coverage-gate` is an enforcement step, not a profile generator. For a

docs/cli-interface-flag-migrations.md

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ PR merge-base 同时拥有快照生成器、比较器和已审批清单。门禁
 scripts/policy/interface-migrations/approved-flag-migrations-v1.json
 ```
 
-清单使用严格 JSON 解析：版本、字段名大小写、JSON 值类型、命令路径和 flag 名都必须精确；拒绝重复键、未知键、scalar `null` 与尾随 JSON 值，`reason` 不能为空；禁止 `*`、`?`、前缀规则或其他 wildcard。当前清单为空，因此本治理 PR **不授权 PR #904 或任何产品接口变化**。
+清单使用严格 JSON 解析：版本、字段名大小写、JSON 值类型、命令路径和 flag 名都必须精确；拒绝重复键、未知键、scalar `null` 与尾随 JSON 值，`reason` 不能为空；禁止 `*`、`?`、前缀规则或其他 wildcard。当前清单登记了 IM ID rename 的 `pending` 记录；`pending` 只记录已评审计划，候选与 merge-base 仍必须精确匹配 `before`，因此本治理 PR **不授权 PR #904 或任何产品接口变化**。
 
 ## 两阶段迁移与回执清理
 

docs/drive-shortcut-business-review.html

@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="zh-CN">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <meta name="description" content="DWS Drive Shortcut 与 lark-cli 的业务能力、真实数据 E2E 证据和平台边界分析。">
+  <title>Drive Shortcut 能力全景｜业务评审版</title>
+  <style>
+    :root {
+      color-scheme: light;
+      --paper: #f4f6f2; --surface: #fffefa; --ink: #17251f; --muted: #66746d;
+      --line: #dce2dc; --forest: #154f3d; --green: #17765a; --mint: #dff4e8;
+      --blue: #265f86; --blue-soft: #e7f1f7; --amber: #8c5a09; --amber-soft: #fff2cf;
+      --red: #a43b32; --red-soft: #fde9e5; --shadow: 0 14px 40px rgba(28, 48, 38, .08);
+    }
+    * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+    html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
+    body { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); background: var(--paper); font: 15px/1.65 -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif; }
+    a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
+    code { padding: .12rem .38rem; border: 1px solid #d6e0da; border-radius: 6px; color: #174f3e; background: #f1f7f3; font: 600 .88em/1.4 ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; white-space: nowrap; }
+    .wrap { width: min(1180px, calc(100% - 40px)); margin: auto; }
+    .hero { position: relative; overflow: hidden; padding: 64px 0 52px; color: #f7fff9; background: linear-gradient(125deg, #102b22 0%, #154c3c 57%, #1c6b54 100%); }
+    .hero::after { position: absolute; inset: -180px -100px auto auto; width: 540px; height: 540px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14); border-radius: 50%; box-shadow: 0 0 0 76px rgba(255,255,255,.035), 0 0 0 152px rgba(255,255,255,.025); content: ""; }
+    .hero-grid { position: relative; z-index: 1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(300px, .65fr); gap: 32px; align-items: end; }
+    .eyebrow, .section-kicker { margin: 0 0 9px; color: #9fd6bd; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .16em; text-transform: uppercase; }
+    h1 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(40px, 6vw, 68px); line-height: 1.03; letter-spacing: -.045em; }
+    .subtitle { max-width: 760px; margin: 19px 0 0; color: #d3e9de; font-size: 17px; }
+    .meta-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; margin-top: 21px; }
+    .meta-pill { padding: 6px 10px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.18); border-radius: 999px; color: #d5e9df; background: rgba(255,255,255,.07); font-size: 11px; font-weight: 750; }
+    .meta-pill.good { color: #bff2d5; border-color: rgba(139,232,179,.38); }
+    .hero-stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 10px; }
+    .hero-stat { padding: 17px 16px; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.17); border-radius: 15px; background: rgba(255,255,255,.075); backdrop-filter: blur(8px); }
+    .hero-stat strong { display: block; font-size: 30px; line-height: 1; }
+    .hero-stat span { display: block; margin-top: 7px; color: #cce2d7; font-size: 11px; }
+    .nav { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 20; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: rgba(255,254,250,.94); backdrop-filter: blur(12px); }
+    .nav .wrap { display: flex; overflow-x: auto; }
+    .nav a { flex: 0 0 auto; padding: 14px 15px; color: #5b6c64; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; }
+    .nav a:hover { color: var(--forest); background: #eaf3ee; }
+    main { padding: 38px 0 74px; }
+    section { margin-top: 50px; scroll-margin-top: 72px; }
+    section:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
+    .section-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 28px; align-items: end; margin-bottom: 19px; }
+    h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(25px, 3.2vw, 36px); line-height: 1.16; letter-spacing: -.025em; }
+    h3 { margin: 0 0 7px; font-size: 18px; }
+    .section-desc { max-width: 660px; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }
+    .callout { padding: 19px 21px; border: 1px solid #bdd8cb; border-left: 4px solid var(--green); border-radius: 13px; background: #ecf7f1; box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(28,48,38,.04); }
+    .callout strong { color: #13513d; }
+    .callout.warn { border-color: #ead29a; border-left-color: #b67508; background: #fff8e7; }
+    .callout.warn strong { color: #784b00; }
+    .callout.danger { border-color: #e9b7b1; border-left-color: var(--red); background: var(--red-soft); }
+    .score-grid, .domain-grid, .evidence-grid, .review-grid { display: grid; gap: 13px; }
+    .score-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); margin-top: 16px; }
+    .score, .domain-card, .evidence-card, .review-card { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 15px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
+    .score { padding: 19px; }
+    .score strong { display: block; color: var(--forest); font-size: 29px; line-height: 1; }
+    .score span { display: block; margin-top: 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+    .domain-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
+    .domain-card { position: relative; padding: 21px; overflow: hidden; }
+    .domain-card .number { position: absolute; top: 12px; right: 17px; color: #d5e8de; font: 800 42px/1 ui-monospace, monospace; }
+    .domain-card p { min-height: 64px; margin: 8px 0 12px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }
+    .domain-card small { color: var(--green); font-weight: 800; }
+    .compare { overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 16px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
+    .compare-top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
+    .compare-column { padding: 21px; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
+    .compare-column:last-child { border-right: 0; }
+    .compare-column p, .compare-column li { color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }
+    .compare-column ul { margin: 9px 0 0; padding-left: 18px; }
+    .compare-column.covered { border-top: 5px solid var(--green); }
+    .compare-column.partial { border-top: 5px solid #c78b22; }
+    .compare-column.gap { border-top: 5px solid var(--red); }
+    .table-wrap { overflow-x: auto; }
+    table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }
+    th, td { padding: 12px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); text-align: left; vertical-align: top; }
+    th { color: #617069; background: #f7f8f5; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: .03em; }
+    tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 0; }
+    tbody tr:hover { background: #f8fbf8; }
+    .verdict, .badge { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; padding: 3px 8px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 900; white-space: nowrap; }
+    .v-covered, .badge.read { color: #116045; background: var(--mint); }
+    .v-ahead, .badge.smart { color: #20577c; background: var(--blue-soft); }
+    .v-partial, .badge.write { color: #7b510a; background: var(--amber-soft); }
+    .v-gap, .badge.high { color: #8f3028; background: var(--red-soft); }
+    .truth-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.1fr .9fr; gap: 14px; }
+    .truth-card { padding: 22px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 15px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
+    .truth-step { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 30px 1fr; gap: 11px; margin-top: 13px; }
+    .truth-step b { display: grid; width: 28px; height: 28px; place-items: center; border-radius: 50%; color: #fff; background: var(--forest); font-size: 12px; }
+    .truth-step strong, .truth-step span { display: block; }
+    .truth-step span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+    .toolbar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 1fr) 180px 180px auto; gap: 10px; align-items: center; margin: 18px 0; padding: 13px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 14px; background: var(--surface); }
+    input, select { width: 100%; min-height: 42px; padding: 9px 11px; border: 1px solid #ccd7d0; border-radius: 9px; color: var(--ink); background: #fff; font: inherit; }
+    input:focus, select:focus { outline: 3px solid rgba(23,118,90,.13); border-color: var(--green); }
+    .result-count { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; }
+    .catalog { overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 16px; background: var(--surface); box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
+    .shortcut-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 215px minmax(0, 1fr) 200px; gap: 16px; align-items: center; padding: 14px 17px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
+    .shortcut-row:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
+    .shortcut-row:hover { background: #f8fbf8; }
+    .command code { font-size: 12px; }
+    .row-main p { margin: 0; font-size: 13px; }
+    .row-main small { color: var(--muted); }
+    .badges { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px; }
+    .hidden-row { display: none; }
+    .evidence-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
+    .evidence-card { padding: 19px; }
+    .evidence-card strong { display: block; color: var(--forest); font-size: 23px; }
+    .evidence-card p { margin: 7px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+    .timeline { margin-top: 15px; border-left: 2px solid #bdd7ca; }
+    .event { position: relative; padding: 0 0 17px 22px; }
+    .event::before { position: absolute; left: -7px; top: 5px; width: 12px; height: 12px; border: 3px solid var(--paper); border-radius: 50%; background: var(--green); content: ""; }
+    .event b { display: block; }
+    .event span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
+    .review-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
+    .review-card { position: relative; padding: 20px; }
+    .review-card .review-num { color: #b8d1c4; font: 800 12px/1 ui-monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: .1em; }
+    .review-card p { margin: 7px 0 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; }
+    footer { margin-top: 52px; padding: 23px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; }
+    @media (max-width: 900px) { .hero-grid, .truth-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .score-grid, .domain-grid, .evidence-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); } .review-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } .shortcut-row { grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr; } .badges { grid-column: 1 / -1; justify-content: flex-start; } }
+    @media (max-width: 620px) { .wrap { width: min(100% - 24px, 1180px); } .hero { padding: 44px 0 38px; } .hero-stats, .score-grid, .domain-grid, .evidence-grid, .review-grid, .compare-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .compare-column { border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); } .toolbar { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .result-count { text-align: left; } .shortcut-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
+    @media print { body { background: #fff; } .hero { color: var(--ink); background: #fff; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--ink); } .subtitle, .meta-pill, .hero-stat span { color: #425249; } .hero-stat { border-color: #aebbb3; } .nav, .toolbar { display: none; } .score, .domain-card, .compare, .truth-card, .catalog, .evidence-card, .review-card { box-shadow: none; break-inside: avoid; } }
+  </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <header class="hero">
+    <div class="wrap hero-grid">
+      <div>
+        <p class="eyebrow">Business Review · Drive</p>
+        <h1>Drive Shortcut<br>能力全景</h1>
+        <p class="subtitle">从 lark-cli 对齐出发，但不止于命令名：逐项审查输入、校验、多步编排、失败语义、真实字节和平台边界。</p>
+        <div class="meta-row">
+          <span class="meta-pill good">真实账号 E2E 已执行</span>
+          <span class="meta-pill">28 个公开入口</span>
+          <span class="meta-pill">统一 Result / Pagination</span>
+          <span class="meta-pill">报告已移除 PII / 凭证 / 业务正文</span>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="hero-stats" aria-label="关键统计">
+        <div class="hero-stat"><strong>38</strong><span>lark-cli Drive 逐项审查</span></div>
+        <div class="hero-stat"><strong>26</strong><span>已覆盖或跨产品路由</span></div>
+        <div class="hero-stat"><strong>7</strong><span>部分对齐，边界已公开</span></div>
+        <div class="hero-stat"><strong>5</strong><span>客观不可对齐能力</span></div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </header>
+
+  <nav class="nav"><div class="wrap"><a href="#overview">全景</a><a href="#compare">Lark 对齐</a><a href="#ahead">超越项</a><a href="#truth">真实语义</a><a href="#catalog">完整目录</a><a href="#e2e">E2E</a><a href="#review">评审</a></div></nav>
+
+  <main class="wrap">
+    <section id="overview">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Executive summary</p><h2>28 个公开入口，覆盖文件完整生命周期</h2></div><p class="section-desc">另有 <code>+publish-set</code> 已实现契约和读回逻辑，但真实普通文件与在线文档均被服务端拒绝，因此保持 unavailable，不进入 Agent 公开目录。</p></div>
+      <div class="callout"><strong>结论：</strong>Drive 已从 9 个偏原子入口扩展为 28 个可发现 Shortcut。它不仅补齐 Lark 的核心文件、版本和状态任务，还通过严格响应合同、真实落盘、写后读回、回收恢复和个人收藏形成更可审计的钉盘工作流。</div>
+      <div class="score-grid">
+        <article class="score"><strong>29</strong><span>已审查注册项（含 1 unavailable）</span></article>
+        <article class="score"><strong>25</strong><span>公开主能力 / 语义适配</span></article>
+        <article class="score"><strong>3</strong><span>公开兼容入口</span></article>
+        <article class="score"><strong>3</strong><span>高风险写入口，均需确认</span></article>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section>
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Capability map</p><h2>四个业务域</h2></div><p class="section-desc">目录按用户任务组织；兼容命令不重复计为新增能力。</p></div>
+      <div class="domain-grid">
+        <article class="domain-card"><span class="number">09</span><h3>发现与检查</h3><p>严格目录分页、搜索、最近访问，以及元数据、统计和封面聚合检查。</p><small>+list · +search · +recent · +inspect</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><span class="number">09</span><h3>文件生命周期</h3><p>创建目录、上传下载、快捷方式、在线对象复制、移动重命名、删除与恢复。</p><small>+upload · +download · +rename · +recycle-restore</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><span class="number">06</span><h3>个人与公开状态</h3><p>回收站清单、收藏闭环和互联网公开状态的独立安全域。</p><small>+star-list · +star-add · +publish-get</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><span class="number">04</span><h3>历史版本</h3><p>版本列表、精确定位、真实字节下载与高风险回滚读回。</p><small>+version-history · +version-download · +version-revert</small></article>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="compare">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Lark alignment</p><h2>对齐业务语义，不追求同名率</h2></div><p class="section-desc">38 项逐项核对。评论、导入导出和成员权限在 DWS 由更成熟的 Doc 或原子权限入口承接，不在 Drive 再复制一套。</p></div>
+      <div class="compare">
+        <div class="compare-top">
+          <article class="compare-column covered"><h3>26 · 已覆盖 / 路由</h3><p>上传下载、目录与快捷方式、版本、移动删除、状态、搜索、评论、导入导出和成员任务均有真实入口。</p></article>
+          <article class="compare-column partial"><h3>7 · 部分对齐</h3><p>预览、resolve/reaction、push/pull、权限申请与 setting 受对象模型或接口粒度约束，明确保留有限语义。</p></article>
+          <article class="compare-column gap"><h3>5 · 客观缺口</h3><p>删除评论恢复、普通文件版本删除、安全标签读写、可靠双向目录同步缺少必要下层接口。</p></article>
+        </div>
+        <div class="table-wrap"><table><thead><tr><th>Lark 任务组</th><th>DWS 主路径</th><th>结论</th><th>关键差异与交付决定</th></tr></thead><tbody>
+          <tr><td>upload / folder / shortcut / download</td><td><code>drive +upload</code> 等</td><td><span class="verdict v-ahead">增强</span></td><td>工作目录边界、OSS PUT、严格 commit、no-clobber、原子落盘、非零字节和读回验证。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>preview / cover</td><td><code>drive +cover</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-partial">部分</span></td><td>封面/缩略图可读；没有等价的服务端多格式预览转换，不扩大宣称。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>comments / replies</td><td><code>doc +comment-*</code> / <code>doc +review</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-covered">路由</span></td><td>评论归在线文档协作域；独立 resolve、reaction identity 与删除后恢复仍受接口限制。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>export / import / task result</td><td><code>doc +export</code> / <code>doc +import</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-ahead">增强</span></td><td>提交、轮询、恢复、安全下载形成类型化闭环，不保留泛化下划线命令。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>version history / get / revert</td><td><code>drive +version-*</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-ahead">增强</span></td><td>严格分页、精确版本、历史字节落盘、回滚前预检与终态读回；历史版本删除无接口。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>status / inspect</td><td><code>drive +inspect</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-ahead">超越</span></td><td>元数据为必达结果，统计、公开状态和封面按需 fan-out；可选失败为 partial_success。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>push / pull / sync</td><td><code>+upload</code> / <code>+download</code> 单文件</td><td><span class="verdict v-partial">部分</span></td><td>不在缺少稳定 hash、rename/delete journal 和冲突向量时制造危险目录同步。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>member / permission</td><td><code>doc +access-*</code> / <code>drive permission</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-covered">路由</span></td><td>协作者权限与互联网公开是两个安全域；申请权限需真实上下文，未伪装为通用 Shortcut。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>secure labels</td><td>无等价</td><td><span class="verdict v-gap">缺口</span></td><td>当前 DWS/钉钉下层没有 Drive 安全标签目录和写入接口，不能用普通权限代替。</td></tr>
+          <tr><td>search</td><td><code>drive +search</code> / <code>doc +search</code></td><td><span class="verdict v-ahead">增强</span></td><td>文件与在线文档按域路由；文件搜索严格验证数组、过滤和分页。</td></tr>
+        </tbody></table></div>
+      </div>
+      <div class="callout warn" style="margin-top:14px"><strong>普通文件 copy 边界：</strong>钉钉现有复制接口对普通文件产生 <code>.dlink</code>，不是字节独立副本。因此 <code>+copy</code> 只接受在线对象；普通文件快捷入口用 <code>+create-shortcut</code>，独立副本使用 <code>+download</code> 后 <code>+upload</code>。</div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="ahead">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Beyond parity</p><h2>DWS 可主推的八个差异化点</h2></div><p class="section-desc">价值来自正确性与完整闭环，而不是额外注册同义命令。</p></div>
+      <div class="domain-grid">
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>严格目录语义</h3><p><code>+list</code> / <code>+recent</code> 只有服务端明确返回数组时才接受空集合。</p><small>缺字段 ≠ 空目录</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>聚合检查</h3><p><code>+inspect</code> 一次汇总身份、统计、公开状态和封面，并保留局部失败。</p><small>partial_success 可审计</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>真实文件传输</h3><p>上传执行完整事务；下载验证受控路径、覆盖策略、原子发布和字节。</p><small>不是只返回临时 URL</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>回收恢复闭环</h3><p>从 <code>recycleItemId</code> 恢复后读取真实节点，证明资源确实回到可访问状态。</p><small>恢复后读回</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>个人收藏闭环</h3><p>收藏、列表、取消收藏覆盖完整用户偏好过程，并保留分页。</p><small>add → list → remove</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>版本真实字节</h3><p>除元数据外可下载任意已知历史版本，并用本地字节核验回滚结果。</p><small>version-download</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>重命名终态</h3><p>处理服务端扩展名规则，再读取节点确认最终名称，避免重复扩展名。</p><small>write → read-back</small></article>
+        <article class="domain-card"><h3>公开域诚实降级</h3><p>查询和关闭可验证；开启在 eligible 节点闭环完成前保持 unavailable。</p><small>不把 notSupported 当成功</small></article>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="truth">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Truthful execution</p><h2>空数组不再是“看起来成功”</h2></div><p class="section-desc">合法业务空集合可以成功，但必须先证明响应结构、元素类型和分页语义成立。内部错误、缺字段与坏投影必须失败。</p></div>
+      <div class="truth-grid">
+        <article class="truth-card"><h3>四层成功证据</h3>
+          <div class="truth-step"><b>1</b><div><strong>传输成功</strong><span>进程成功，MCP / HTTP 没有显式错误。</span></div></div>
+          <div class="truth-step"><b>2</b><div><strong>响应合同</strong><span>对象、数组、success 标志和元素类型与命令声明一致。</span></div></div>
+          <div class="truth-step"><b>3</b><div><strong>业务终态</strong><span>写命令必须获得新 ID、终态证据或后续元数据读回。</span></div></div>
+          <div class="truth-step"><b>4</b><div><strong>产物校验</strong><span>下载必须落盘、非零字节；关键链路比较大小和 SHA-256。</span></div></div>
+        </article>
+        <article class="truth-card"><h3>明确失败的情况</h3>
+          <ul><li>空响应、缺少预期集合字段或集合类型错误。</li><li>集合存在坏元素，不能投影时静默丢弃。</li><li><code>success=false</code>、写响应没有 ID 或读回不一致。</li><li>inspect 的可选分支失败却返回整体 success。</li><li>下载得到空文件、越界路径或覆盖既有文件。</li><li>普通文件 copy 返回快捷链接却声称独立副本。</li></ul>
+        </article>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="catalog">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Full catalog</p><h2>28 个公开 Shortcut 完整目录</h2></div><p class="section-desc">16 个只读、9 个普通写、3 个高风险写；3 个历史入口保留兼容但不作为新 Agent 主路径。</p></div>
+      <div class="toolbar"><input id="q" type="search" placeholder="搜索命令或用途，例如 版本、回收、+inspect…" aria-label="搜索 Shortcut"><select id="domain"><option value="all">全部业务域</option><option value="discover">发现与检查</option><option value="lifecycle">文件生命周期</option><option value="personal">个人与公开</option><option value="version">历史版本</option></select><select id="risk"><option value="all">全部风险</option><option value="read">只读</option><option value="write">普通写</option><option value="high">高风险写</option></select><span id="result-count" class="result-count">显示 28 / 28</span></div>
+      <div class="catalog">
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +list</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>严格分页列出目录，保留游标，区分显式空目录和畸形响应。</p><small>发现与检查</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +inspect</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>聚合元数据与可选统计、公开状态、封面；局部失败如实报告。</p><small>发现与检查</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +info</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>历史元数据兼容入口；新场景优先使用 +inspect。</p><small>兼容入口</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +search</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>按关键词、类型、扩展名、创建人、时间和分页搜索钉盘文件。</p><small>发现与检查</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +find-file</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>历史文件搜索兼容入口；新场景优先使用 +search。</p><small>兼容入口</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +search-docs</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>历史跨域搜索入口；新的在线文档搜索路由 doc +search。</p><small>兼容入口</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +recent</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>读取最近访问或编辑列表，支持创建人筛选并保留分页。</p><small>发现与检查</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +stats</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>读取访问、编辑、评论、点赞、预览和下载统计。</p><small>发现与检查</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="discover" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +cover</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>读取封面或缩略图；不宣称服务端多格式预览。</p><small>发现与检查</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +upload</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>上传凭证、OSS PUT、严格提交和远端元数据读回的一体化事务。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +download</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>安全落盘、no-clobber、原子发布并验证非零字节。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +create-folder</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>创建文件夹后要求新 ID，并读回名称验证。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +create-shortcut</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>创建快捷方式并读回，明确区别于独立副本。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +copy</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>复制在线对象；普通文件预检拒绝，避免把 .dlink 当副本。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +move</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>移动到指定文件夹或知识库位置，语义与 copy/shortcut 消歧。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +rename</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>重命名后读取真实节点，验证最终名称和扩展名。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="high"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +delete</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>将确认过的节点移入回收站，要求 success=true 终态证据。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge high">HIGH · CONFIRM</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="lifecycle" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +recycle-restore</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>按回收项 ID 恢复，并读回恢复后的节点。</p><small>文件生命周期</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE · CONFIRM</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="personal" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +recycle-list</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>严格分页列出回收项并稳定投影 recycleItemId。</p><small>个人与公开</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="personal" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +star-list</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>严格分页列出当前用户收藏并保留游标。</p><small>个人与公开</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="personal" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +star-add</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>以幂等用户偏好语义收藏指定节点。</p><small>个人与公开</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="personal" data-risk="write"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +star-remove</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>以幂等用户偏好语义取消收藏指定节点。</p><small>个人与公开</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge write">WRITE</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="personal" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +publish-get</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>只读查询互联网公开状态，不沿用错误的写风险标签。</p><small>个人与公开</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="personal" data-risk="high"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +publish-unset</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>关闭互联网公开并读回验证外链状态。</p><small>个人与公开</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge high">HIGH · CONFIRM</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="version" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +version-history</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>严格分页列出普通文件历史版本。</p><small>历史版本</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="version" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +version-get</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>按正整数版本号精确匹配，零命中显式失败。</p><small>历史版本</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="version" data-risk="read"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +version-download</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>预检版本后安全下载历史字节，要求非零产物。</p><small>历史版本</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge read">READ</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+        <article class="shortcut-row" data-tool data-domain="version" data-risk="high"><div class="command"><code>dws drive +version-revert</code></div><div class="row-main"><p>验证版本存在后回滚，并读取当前节点终态。</p><small>历史版本</small></div><div class="badges"><span class="badge high">HIGH · CONFIRM</span><span class="badge smart">SMART</span></div></article>
+      </div>
+      <div class="callout warn" style="margin-top:14px"><strong>未公开入口：</strong><code>+publish-set</code> 的安全契约和 set→get 读回代码已存在，但真实后端返回 <code>operation.notSupported</code>。在找到 eligible 节点并完成 set→get→unset 闭环前，不进入公开 Agent catalog。</div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="e2e">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Real-data E2E</p><h2>真实数据验证，不用空结果证明成功</h2></div><p class="section-desc">测试在隔离目录创建临时资源，覆盖读取、写入、下载、版本、收藏、回收和清理。资源 ID、账号、URL、上传凭证、绝对路径和业务正文均未进入报告。</p></div>
+      <div class="evidence-grid">
+        <article class="evidence-card"><strong>39,838 B</strong><p>真实文件上传后下载字节数；与源文件 SHA-256 完全一致。</p></article>
+        <article class="evidence-card"><strong>2 versions</strong><p>覆盖写入生成两个版本；精确查询、历史下载和回滚全部读回。</p></article>
+        <article class="evidence-card"><strong>4 / 5</strong><p>隔离夹具中搜索命中 4 项、最近列表命中 5 项，证明非空投影链路。</p></article>
+        <article class="evidence-card"><strong>0 remain</strong><p>测试结束后隔离根目录无残留；临时资源进入回收站并完成本地清理。</p></article>
+      </div>
+      <div class="timeline">
+        <div class="event"><b>创建与发现</b><span>创建两个隔离目录并读回；+list 命中真实节点，由此发现并修复 dentryId 与 32 字符 fileId 混用。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>上传与下载</b><span>真实 OSS 上传、远端元数据读回、下载、no-clobber 二次路径、大小与 SHA-256 一致性全部通过。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>检查与个人状态</b><span>+inspect（含 stats / publish / cover）、+stats、+cover、收藏 add→list→remove 通过。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>版本闭环</b><span>覆盖文件产生两个版本；history/get/download/revert 通过，回滚后最新字节与原始内容一致。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>复制、移动与命名</b><span>在线文档 copy 通过；普通文件 .dlink 被修正为预检拒绝；move 往返、rename 扩展名规范化通过。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>删除与恢复</b><span>delete→recycle-list→recycle-restore 通过，真实回收响应字段已按后端形态修正。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>平台负向证据</b><span>publish-set 对普通文件和在线文档均明确返回不支持，因此保持 unavailable；没有把失败改写成空对象成功。</span></div>
+        <div class="event"><b>清理</b><span>隔离目录进入回收站，根目录残留计数为零；本地下载产物删除。</span></div>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+
+    <section id="review">
+      <div class="section-head"><div><p class="section-kicker">Review prompts</p><h2>建议业务评审重点确认</h2></div><p class="section-desc">这些是需要接受的产品边界，不是被空结果遮蔽的实现问题。</p></div>
+      <div class="review-grid">
+        <article class="review-card"><span class="review-num">01</span><h3>是否接受 26 / 7 / 5 结论？</h3><p>按用户任务计覆盖、部分与缺口，不用同名命令数量代替语义保真。</p></article>
+        <article class="review-card"><span class="review-num">02</span><h3>普通文件 copy 是否足够清晰？</h3><p>服务端无法提供原子独立副本；快捷方式与下载后上传两条替代路径已明确。</p></article>
+        <article class="review-card"><span class="review-num">03</span><h3>是否拒绝不可靠目录 sync？</h3><p>缺稳定 hash、删除/重命名日志和冲突向量时，不发布可能覆盖数据的双向同步。</p></article>
+        <article class="review-card"><span class="review-num">04</span><h3>跨产品路由是否合理？</h3><p>评论、导入导出和协作者权限优先复用 Doc 成熟入口，不在 Drive 制造同义表面。</p></article>
+        <article class="review-card"><span class="review-num">05</span><h3>publish-set 是否继续 unavailable？</h3><p>建议维持，直到真实 eligible 节点完成开启、查询、关闭的可恢复闭环。</p></article>
+        <article class="review-card"><span class="review-num">06</span><h3>下一批后端解锁优先级？</h3><p>建议依次评估普通文件原子 copy、同步所需版本信号、安全标签和评论恢复接口。</p></article>
+      </div>
+    </section>
+  </main>
+
+  <footer><div class="wrap">依据：DWS 最终 Shortcut catalog / Schema、Drive 实现与测试、真实账号 E2E、lark-cli Drive registrations 与实现。范围仅含 Drive Shortcut 及必要跨产品路由；不包含原子命令总表。所有业务标识、凭证、签名 URL、用户信息和正文均已脱敏。</div></footer>
+  <script>
+    const q = document.querySelector('#q');
+    const domain = document.querySelector('#domain');
+    const risk = document.querySelector('#risk');
+    const rows = [...document.querySelectorAll('[data-tool]')];
+    const count = document.querySelector('#result-count');
+    function filterTools() {
+      const needle = q.value.trim().toLocaleLowerCase('zh-CN');
+      let visible = 0;
+      rows.forEach((row) => {
+        const show = (!needle || row.textContent.toLocaleLowerCase('zh-CN').includes(needle)) && (domain.value === 'all' || row.dataset.domain === domain.value) && (risk.value === 'all' || row.dataset.risk === risk.value);
+        row.classList.toggle('hidden-row', !show);
+        if (show) visible += 1;
+      });
+      count.textContent = `显示 ${visible} / ${rows.length}`;
+    }
+    [q, domain, risk].forEach((control) => control.addEventListener('input', filterTools));
+  </script>
+</body>
+</html>

docs/drive-shortcut-lark-alignment.md

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# Drive Shortcut 对齐与超越 Lark CLI
+
+## 目标与判定口径
+
+本轮以 Lark CLI `drive` 的 38 个 shortcut 为对照，但不把“同名命令数量”当完成标准。对齐按用户任务判定：
+
+1. `drive +...` 有更稳定的 Agent 主入口时，提供 Shortcut，并发布 Selection、Safety、Result 与 Pagination。
+2. 钉钉已经在其他产品提供更成熟入口时，Skill 明确跨产品路由，不在 Drive 重复实现。
+3. 只有原子能力且 Shortcut 不增加校验、编排或投影价值时，保留 Runtime Schema leaf，不制造同义别名。
+4. 下层接口不存在或无法满足相同语义时，明确记录 gap；不得用空数组、空对象或只返回任务提交结果伪装完成。
+
+成功判定统一为：进程成功 + 统一结果 `ok=true/outcome=success` + 必要业务字段 + 真实数据读回或本地字节校验。服务端显式返回空数组可以是合法业务空结果；空响应、缺少数组、数组类型错误、坏元素、`success=false`、写入缺少终态证据都必须失败。
+
+## Lark 38 项映射
+
+| Lark Drive shortcut | DWS 路由 | 结论与原因 |
+|---|---|---|
+| `+upload` | `drive +upload` | 对齐并增强：工作目录边界、OSS PUT、严格 commit、元数据读回。 |
+| `+create-folder` | `drive +create-folder` | 对齐并增强：要求新 fileId 和名称读回。 |
+| `+create-shortcut` | `drive +create-shortcut` | 对齐并增强：明确 shortcut≠copy，创建后读回。 |
+| `+download` | `drive +download` | 对齐并增强：真实落盘、no-clobber、原子发布、非零字节。 |
+| `+preview` | `drive +cover`（有限） | 不完全对齐：钉钉当前只提供封面/缩略图读取，没有等价的服务端多格式预览转换接口。 |
+| `+cover` | `drive +cover` | 对齐：严格读取封面/缩略图对象。 |
+| `+add-comment` | `doc +comment-create` | 用户任务对齐；评论归在线文档协作域，Drive 不复制一套。 |
+| `+list-comments` | `doc +comment-list` | 用户任务对齐；Doc 已有类型、状态与分页。 |
+| `+batch-query-comments` | `doc +review` / `doc +comment-list` | 超越：可聚合未解决评论与确定性正文上下文；跨文档批量仍由调用方按节点编排。 |
+| `+resolve-comment` | `doc +comment-update`（有限） | 部分对齐：DWS 可更新评论，但当前下层未声明独立 resolve 状态接口。 |
+| `+restore-comment` | 无等价 | gap：钉钉当前下层未暴露恢复已删除评论的等价能力。 |
+| `+add-reply` | `doc +comment-reply` | 对齐。 |
+| `+list-replies` | `doc +comment-list` | 用户任务对齐：评论列表返回回复上下文；无独立 Drive reply 目录。 |
+| `+update-reply` | `doc +comment-update` | 对齐到评论/回复统一更新语义。 |
+| `+delete-reply` | `doc +comment-delete` | 对齐到评论/回复统一删除语义，高风险确认。 |
+| `+react-reply` | `doc +comment-reply`（有限） | 部分对齐：支持表情回复；不声称拥有 Lark 的独立 reaction identity。 |
+| `+export` | `doc +export` | 用户任务对齐并增强：提交、轮询、安全下载一体化。 |
+| `+export-download` | `doc +export` / `doc +export-get` | 超越：常规一体化，`+export-get` 仅作中断恢复。 |
+| `+import` | `doc +import` | 用户任务对齐并增强：转换白名单、上传 fallback、轮询终态。 |
+| `+version-history` | `drive +version-history` | 对齐并增强：严格空结果与分页。 |
+| `+version-get` | `drive +version-get` | 对齐并增强：精确版本号，零命中失败。 |
+| `+version-revert` | `drive +version-revert` | 对齐并增强：版本预检、高风险确认、节点读回。 |
+| `+version-delete` | 无等价 | gap：钉钉当前普通文件版本接口没有删除历史版本能力。 |
+| `+move` | `drive +move` | 对齐；与 copy/shortcut 明确消歧并发布确认。 |
+| `+delete` | `drive +delete` | 对齐；移入回收站、高风险确认、终态证据。 |
+| `+status` | `drive +inspect` | 超越：远端身份、统计、公开状态和封面按需聚合；不伪装成本地同步状态。 |
+| `+push` | `drive +upload`（单文件） | 部分对齐：单文件上传可靠；没有可靠的目录 diff、冲突和远端删除传播语义，因此不提供同名批量 push。 |
+| `+pull` | `drive +download`（单文件） | 部分对齐：单文件下载可靠；目录级增量拉取需稳定路径、hash 与冲突策略，当前接口不完整。 |
+| `+sync` | 无等价 | gap：在缺少稳定远端内容 hash、rename/delete journal 和冲突版本向量时，双向同步会有数据覆盖风险。 |
+| `+task_result` | `doc +export-get` / 导入任务恢复入口 | 用户任务对齐；DWS 按任务所属产品提供类型化恢复入口，不保留 Lark 的下划线泛化命令。 |
+| `+apply-permission` | `drive permission apply` raw leaf | 下层能力存在但未提升为 Shortcut：需要真实申请上下文和权限夹具，无法在通用 E2E 中安全创建。 |
+| `+member-add` | `doc +access-grant` | 用户任务对齐并增强：解析接收人、批量 ledger、首次写入前停止。 |
+| `+member-list` | `drive permission list` / `doc +inspect --include-permissions` | 对齐；常规 Agent 场景优先 Doc 聚合检查。 |
+| `+permission-get-setting` | `drive permission list` + `drive +publish-get` | 部分对齐：协作者与互联网公开是两个独立安全域，没有一个与 Lark setting 完全同构的钉钉接口。 |
+| `+secure-label-list` | 无等价 | gap：当前 DWS/钉钉下层没有可声明的 Drive 安全标签目录接口。 |
+| `+secure-label-update` | 无等价 | gap：没有安全标签写接口，不能用普通权限或公开状态替代。 |
+| `+search` | `drive +search` | 对齐并增强：过滤、严格数组和分页；在线文档搜索路由 `doc +search`。 |
+| `+inspect` | `drive +inspect` | 对齐并增强：必达元数据 + 可选聚合，部分失败不伪装成功。 |
+
+## DWS 超出 Lark Drive 的可挖掘能力
+
+- `+list`：严格目录分页，而不是把缺字段当空目录。
+- `+recent`：最近访问/编辑与创建人筛选。
+- `+stats`：阅读、编辑、评论、点赞、预览和下载统计。
+- `+recycle-list` / `+recycle-restore`：显式回收项身份与恢复后读回。
+- `+star-list` / `+star-add` / `+star-remove`：个人收藏完整闭环。
+- `+publish-get` / `+publish-unset`：互联网公开独立安全域与关闭后读回；`+publish-set` 保留为 unavailable 诊断入口。
+- `+version-download`：历史版本真实字节下载与本地 artifact 校验。
+- `+rename`：写后读回验证。
+
+普通钉盘文件的独立 `copy` 是额外确认出的部分 gap：钉钉当前 `doc/copy_document` 对该对象会生成 `.dlink`，不是字节独立副本。`drive +copy` 因此只接受在线对象；普通文件需要快捷入口时用 `+create-shortcut`，需要独立副本时用 `+download` 后 `+upload`。这不是完整的服务端原子 copy，对大文件也不能宣称完全等价。
+
+互联网公开开启也是账号/对象能力 gap：真实普通文件与在线文档夹具都由服务端返回 `operation.notSupported`。`+publish-get` 与关闭语义可验证，但 `+publish-set` 在找到 eligible 节点完成 set→get→unset 闭环前保持 `unavailable` 且不进入公开 Agent catalog。
+
+## 端到端门禁
+
+每个公开 Drive shortcut 必须至少覆盖：
+
+- Cobra 参数、静态确认、Shortcut Execute、MCP 调度和最终输出；
+- 明确业务空集合、空响应、缺字段、错误类型、坏元素、`success=false`；
+- 写入的 ID/终态证据与读回不一致；
+- 下载的本地路径边界、no-clobber、真实字节数；
+- 真实账号数据：读命令必须命中已知非空夹具或明确验证合法空集合；写命令必须创建隔离资源、读回、必要时下载比对字节并清理。
+
+发布前运行 `make build`、完整 Go 测试、Schema 生成/漂移/策略检查，并保存不含账号业务内容的结构化 E2E 汇总。

docs/releasing.md

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 
 1. 在上述 `Release` 页面选择 `Run workflow`，分支必须是默认分支 `main`。
 2. `release_operation=plan`，选择 `release_channel=beta|stable`；仅在开始新 beta 线时选择 `release_bump=patch|minor|major`。
-3. workflow summary 会给出唯一的下一版本。把对应的精确 `CHANGELOG.md` 章节通过 PR 合入 `main`。
+3. workflow summary 会给出唯一的下一版本。运行 `prepare-changelog.sh` 将已合入的
+   release fragments 汇总成对应的精确 `CHANGELOG.md` 章节，并通过唯一的 release-seal PR 合入 `main`。
 4. 再次运行，改为 `release_operation=publish`。beta 会直接进入自动化发布；stable 会在封 tag 前等待管理员签收。
 
 `plan` 是纯只读操作，不创建 tag、预留版本号或生成包。CHANGELOG 合入期间若另一个发布先占用了该版本，`publish` 会重新分配并因 CHANGELOG 章节不匹配而拒绝，需要重新 plan。`publish` 会先再次确认 dispatch SHA 仍是当前 `main`、Code Admission 和平台治理均通过，再由唯一的 write job 使用 GitHub API 原子创建 annotated tag；同一次 run 随即进入既有的跨平台构建、GitHub/npm、可选 OSS/Gitee 发布和 Homebrew 直交付 DAG。内置 `GITHUB_TOKEN` 创建的 tag 不依赖第二条 workflow 被再次触发。
@@ -94,7 +95,8 @@ main 上的候选代码 + beta CHANGELOG
 dws-release v1.2.3-beta.1
 ```
 
-如果 CHANGELOG 尚不存在，该命令只生成模板并停止。补全内容、删除所有 `TODO`，提交后通过 PR 合入 `main`；然后重新运行完全相同的命令，它会执行完整预检：
+如果 CHANGELOG 尚不存在，该命令会从 `.changes/*.md` 生成 beta 章节并归档已消费的
+fragments，然后停止。审阅生成内容并通过唯一的 release-seal PR 合入 `main`；然后重新运行完全相同的命令，它会执行完整预检：
 
 ```bash
 dws-release v1.2.3-beta.1
@@ -132,6 +134,15 @@ dws-release v1.2.3 --from-beta v1.2.3-beta.1
 
 正式版使用 `## [1.2.3] - YYYY-MM-DD`。该章节会直接成为 GitHub Release Notes。
 
+### Release fragments
+
+普通 PR 不修改 `CHANGELOG.md` 的 `Unreleased` 区域。需要面向用户发布说明的改动在
+`.changes/<unique-name>.md` 中增加一个独立 fragment；格式和允许的分类见
+[`.changes/README.md`](../.changes/README.md)。预发封板时
+`scripts/release/prepare-changelog.sh prerelease <version>` 会稳定排序并汇总所有未归档
+fragment，写入唯一版本章节后移动到 `.changes/released/<version>/`。因此并发 PR 不会争用
+`CHANGELOG.md`；唯一的 release-seal PR 同时提交生成的章节与归档移动，供审计复核。
+
 ## CI/CD 保证
 
 - 只接受 `vX.Y.Z-beta.N` 和 `vX.Y.Z`，且新版本必须高于上一正式版。这里的“上一正式版”必须同时具备公开非草稿 GitHub Release 和同 tag/commit 的成功 Release workflow；只有 tag、没有交付成功的孤儿版本会阻断后续发布，要求走机器核验恢复补齐。云端 tag 会固定 `Release-Run`、requester、commit 和版本分配指纹，交付验证按该精确 run/attempt 及完整 job graph 取证，不接受任意 `workflow_dispatch`。历史版本若曾通过专用 recovery workflow 完成交付，只能使用仓库内 `delivered-stable-recoveries.json` 中精确到 tag、commit、run、workflow SHA 与 attempt 的 reviewed 证据。

docs/rfc-skill-installation-and-upgrade.md

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+# RFC：DWS 预制 Skill 安装、升级与模式迁移
+
+| 字段 | 内容 |
+|---|---|
+| 状态 | Accepted / as implemented |
+| 生效范围 | DWS CLI、升级器、npm 与平台安装脚本 |
+| 事实源 | 本 RFC 与当前代码；两者冲突时以代码和测试为准 |
+| 关联合同 | [Skill 内容框架](skill-content-framework.md)、[Mono↔Multi 内容质检](skill-mono-multi-qa.md) |
+
+## 1. 背景
+
+DWS 同时通过 CLI、升级器、npm、Shell 和 PowerShell 分发预制 Skill。multi
+成为默认布局后，所有入口必须对安装集合、模式互斥、失败退出、缓存发布和目录
+所有权保持一致。此前分散的调研、迁移计划、阶段性 roadmap 和 rollout 文档容易
+相互冲突；本 RFC 将最终行为收敛为一个长期合同。
+
+## 2. 目标与非目标
+
+### 2.1 目标
+
+- 新装与升级默认使用 multi 布局，mono 在兼容期内保留显式 opt-in。
+- 每次升级使用当前版本的官方清单全量覆盖预制 Skill。
+- 删除或替换任何目录前先创建可恢复备份，备份失败不修改该 Agent 目标。
+- 只清理能够证明由 DWS 管理的目录，不通过名称前缀推断所有权。
+- 所有安装入口对部分失败返回非零状态，不误报整体成功。
+- 安装预览、确认和实际执行使用同一份计划。
+
+### 2.2 非目标
+
+- 不建设独立的 `dws skill mode status|set|rollback` 产品面。
+- 不持久化用户对预制 Skill 的本地删除或排除意图。
+- 不提供跨所有 Agent 目标的事务式回滚。
+- 不把市场 Skill 纳入预制 Skill 的升级和清理范围。
+
+## 3. 业内调研
+
+对主流 CLI 与 Agent Skill 分发方式的公开实现进行归纳后，可以得到以下共性：
+
+| 观察 | 对 DWS 的启示 |
+|---|---|
+| 多个产品能力通常以同级 Skill 目录安装，由 Agent 按目录发现 | multi 使用平铺的产品 Skill，并保留一个共享 Skill 承载公共协议 |
+| CLI 本体安装和 Agent Skill 安装是两个生命周期 | DWS 可以在 CLI 安装、setup 和 upgrade 中触发 Skill 同步，但二者的失败与状态必须分别报告 |
+| 生态安装器通常天然采用 multi，不提供 mono/multi 状态机 | DWS 的模式切换保持为重新执行 setup，不新增长期驻留的 mode lifecycle |
+| 市场 Skill 与 CLI 预制 Skill 可能落在同一 Agent 根目录 | 必须使用统一所有权元数据识别受管目录，名称前缀不能作为删除依据 |
+| 多 Skill 更新常以新清单刷新官方集合 | DWS 使用当前 bundle 官方清单全量覆盖，新增 Skill 自动加入，本地删除不视为持久化排除 |
+| 制品可能需要同时服务无运行时依赖、离线和多镜像环境 | DWS 保留 embed、zip 和平台安装脚本，不把单一生态包管理器设为唯一入口 |
+| 中断的复制和原地覆盖容易破坏最后一个可用版本 | 缓存与 Go upgrade 的 Agent 目标采用 staging publish；发布失败自动恢复该目标的完整旧集合 |
+| Agent 通常以 `SKILL.md` 为入口，其他文件按引用或工具规则按需读取 | 安装元数据使用不被内容引用的隐藏文件，并保证其内容不包含 Agent 指令 |
+
+本节只保留可复用的工程结论，不记录具体产品、仓库、版本或逐项能力对照，也不构成
+DWS 对任何外部实现的持续兼容义务。后续设计以 DWS 自身约束和本 RFC 的行为合同为准。
+
+## 4. 布局合同
+
+| 模式 | Agent 目录布局 | 选择方式 |
+|---|---|---|
+| multi（默认） | `<agent-home>/dingtalk-*/` 与必选 `dingtalk-shared/` | 默认；`dws skill setup --mode multi` |
+| mono（兼容） | `<agent-home>/dws/` | `dws skill setup --mode mono` 或安装器的 mono opt-in |
+
+模式切换通过重新执行 setup 完成。安装 multi 前备份并移除 mono 的 `dws/`；安装
+mono 前只备份并移除能够证明由 DWS 管理的 multi 目录。两个方向都不提供隐式、
+不可恢复的删除。
+
+## 5. 官方集合与升级策略
+
+当前版本 bundle 中的 multi 目录清单是升级集合的唯一权威来源。普通 upgrade 和
+`--force` 都安装并覆盖该版本的全部官方预制 Skill：
+
+- 本地删除的预制 Skill 会在下一次升级恢复；
+- setup 时通过 `--exclude` 暂时排除的 Skill 会在下一次升级恢复；
+- 新版本新增的官方 Skill 会自动安装；
+- 用户对预制 Skill 的本地修改会被官方版本覆盖；
+- `dingtalk-shared` 始终随官方集合安装。
+
+`~/.dws/skills-state.json`（设置 `DWS_CONFIG_DIR` 时位于该目录）不参与安装集合
+求解，也不保存排除策略。它既记录结果快照，也集中记录 multi Skill 的所有权和
+provenance，供安全清理、诊断与后续迁移使用。
+
+## 6. 目录所有权
+
+每次 multi setup 或 upgrade 全部成功后，DWS 在统一的
+`~/.dws/skills-state.json` 中写入：
+
+```json
+{
+  "version": "v0.2.14",
+  "official_skills": ["dingtalk-aitable"],
+  "updated_skills": ["dingtalk-aitable"],
+  "managed_skills": [
+    {
+      "name": "dingtalk-aitable",
+      "version": "v0.2.14",
+      "source": "dws-upgrade",
+      "digest": "sha256:<64 个十六进制字符>",
+      "digest_scope": "skill-directory-v1"
+    }
+  ],
+  "updated_at": "2026-08-11T12:34:56Z"
+}
+```
+
+每条 `managed_skills` 记录代表一个由 DWS 管理的官方 Skill。`version` 记录安装该
+副本的 DWS/发布包版本，`source` 记录安装入口，`digest` 是对 bundle 中 Skill 目录
+全部普通文件按相对路径排序后计算的内容摘要。摘要用于诊断和来源追踪，不作为后续
+升级的完整性门禁；用户修改 Skill 内容后，DWS 仍保有明确管理权并能在下一次升级时
+覆盖恢复。
+
+清理 stale Skill 或切换到 mono 时，只接受以下所有权证据：
+
+1. Skill 名称存在于统一状态的 `managed_skills` 中；
+2. 统一状态上线前曾发布过的官方 Skill 精确名称集合。
+
+历史集合是冻结的迁移清单，包含 `dws-shared` 以及已退役、折叠或仍在发布的旧官方
+目录名。仅有 `dingtalk-*` 前缀不构成所有权证据。因此，市场或用户创建的
+`dingtalk-custom` 等非官方精确名称目录不会被迁走。
+
+### 6.1 对 Agent 的影响
+
+Skill 目录内不再放置 DWS 所有权文件，也不增加非通用 frontmatter 字段。支持的
+Agent 仍只需以 `SKILL.md` 发现和加载 Skill；统一元数据位于 Agent Skill 目录之外，
+不会成为提示词上下文或影响 Agent 行为。
+
+## 7. Setup：Plan → Confirm → Execute
+
+`dws skill setup` 分为三个阶段：
+
+1. **Plan**：只读计算目标、安装集合以及所有待备份路径；
+2. **Confirm**：`--dry-run` 和交互确认渲染同一份计划；
+3. **Execute**：确认后严格执行计划中的备份和安装。
+
+安全要求：
+
+- 非交互环境未传 `--yes` 时拒绝执行；
+- 用户拒绝确认时必须零文件写入；
+- 备份失败时跳过整个 Agent 目标，不开始铺设相反布局；
+- 同一目标先完成所有必要备份，再复制新集合；
+- multi Skill 必须在同级 staging 中完成复制，再原子发布到正式目录；
+- 任意 `skipped > 0` 都返回非零退出码，并且不写入完整成功快照；
+- 一个 Agent 目标失败不阻止其他目标尝试，但最终结果仍为失败。
+
+## 8. Upgrade 与恢复语义
+
+升级器对每个 Agent 目标执行：
+
+- 先探测具体 Agent home；只在没有任何具体 Agent 时使用 `~/.agents/skills` 通用 fallback；
+- 具体 Agent 安装成功后，将 `~/.agents/skills` 中旧的 DWS 受管副本可恢复地迁入备份，避免 Codex 等同时扫描两个根目录时重复发现同名 Skill；
+
+1. 只读计算对面布局、过期受管 Skill 和同名官方 Skill；
+2. 在目标文件系统的 staging 中复制完整新集合；
+3. staging 全部成功后，才将旧集合移入备份目录；
+4. 逐项发布 staging；任一发布失败时删除已发布的新目录，并逆序恢复该目标的全部旧目录；
+5. 仅在没有目标失败且至少一个目标成功时更新状态快照。
+
+Go upgrade 当前提供 **单 Agent 目标级事务恢复**：复制失败发生在旧目录移动前；
+备份中途失败会恢复此前已移动的目录；发布中途失败会恢复该目标的完整旧集合。不同
+Agent 目标仍彼此独立，一个目标失败不会回滚此前已经成功升级的其他目标，这与
+“不提供跨所有 Agent 目标的事务式回滚”非目标保持一致。
+
+## 9. 备份合同
+
+- 路径：`~/.dws/skill-backups/<UTC 时间戳>/...`；
+- 主要操作：同一文件系统内使用 rename 移动；
+- 失败语义：备份失败时原目录保持不变，目标安装失败；
+- 可见性：计划和执行日志显示原路径与备份路径；
+- 保留策略：自动修剪，仅保留最近 5 批。
+
+备份是安装安全机制，不等于独立 rollback 产品。需要切回 mono 时重新运行
+`dws skill setup --mode mono`。
+
+## 10. 缓存与制品
+
+发布制品和二进制内嵌内容同时携带 mono 与 multi 源树。`~/.dws/skills/` 只是
+setup 在未显式指定 `--source` 时的本地回退缓存。
+
+缓存刷新必须采用同级 staging + publish：
+
+1. 在 staging 中完整复制并验证新树；
+2. 发布前保留旧缓存；
+3. 通过 rename 发布新缓存；
+4. 复制或发布失败时保留或恢复旧缓存；
+5. 空、缺失或损坏的 bundle 不能擦除有效缓存。
+
+## 11. 安装入口一致性
+
+以下入口都遵守本 RFC：
+
+| 入口 | 默认模式 | 失败合同 |
+|---|---|---|
+| `dws skill setup` | multi | 部分失败返回非零；不写完整成功状态 |
+| `dws upgrade` | bundle 含 multi 时安装 multi | 目标失败返回失败；下次全量重试 |
+| `scripts/install.sh` | multi | 任一检测到的目标失败则脚本非零 |
+| `scripts/install.ps1` | multi | 任一检测到的目标失败则脚本非零 |
+| `scripts/install-skills.sh` | multi | 任一检测到的目标失败则脚本非零 |
+| npm `install.js` | multi | 任一检测到的目标失败则 postinstall 失败 |
+
+Homebrew 不直接向 Agent home 铺设 Skill；安装 CLI 后由 setup 执行相同流程。
+
+## 12. 验收与回归门禁
+
+合入和后续修改至少覆盖：
+
+- mono → multi、multi → mono 互斥切换；
+- 状态上线前的官方 multi 目录切换 mono 时能够被精确迁移；
+- 未登记的同前缀市场/用户 Skill 在刷新和切换后仍存在；
+- 统一状态中登记的过期官方 Skill 被备份并移除；
+- 备份、复制、统一状态写入、缓存 publish 故障注入；
+- 非交互确认拒绝与显式 `--yes`；
+- 部分失败返回非零且不写错误状态快照；
+- 复制失败不留下 Agent 可见的残缺官方目录；
+- 普通 upgrade 恢复被删除的预制 Skill，并安装新增官方 Skill；
+- Windows、macOS、Linux 的路径和覆盖率门禁；
+- npm、Shell、PowerShell 与包管理器安装冒烟。
+
+## 13. 后续演进
+
+- 收敛各安装入口中的 Agent home 清单，减少跨语言复制；
+- 如确有运维需求，可单独设计备份查看和显式恢复命令；
+- mono 的物理删除必须作为独立变更，在 multi 内容、安装入口和迁移回归稳定后推进；
+- `managed_skills` 字段若演进，必须同步更新所有安装入口和跨平台回归。

docs/shortcut-public-catalog.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
-  "generated_at": "2026-08-10T17:25:46.245552",
-  "count": 378,
+  "generated_at": "2026-08-12T00:10:44.511794",
+  "count": 399,
   "results": [
     {
       "suite": "semantic",
@@ -2650,8 +2650,8 @@
       "command": "+history-list",
       "risk": "read",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
-      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
-      "semantic_delta": "统一历史版本分页参数并返回可用于回滚的版本列表。",
+      "disposition": "alias_internal",
+      "semantic_delta": "保留既有历史列表路径及稳定 Schema identity；新的 Agent 场景统一使用 +version-list。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -2660,8 +2660,8 @@
       "command": "+history-revert",
       "risk": "high-risk-write",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
-      "disposition": "primary_smart",
-      "semantic_delta": "先验证目标版本存在，再执行回滚并读回当前文档状态。",
+      "disposition": "alias_internal",
+      "semantic_delta": "保留既有历史回滚路径及稳定 Schema identity；新的 Agent 场景统一使用 +version-revert。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -2670,8 +2670,8 @@
       "command": "+history-save",
       "risk": "write",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
-      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
-      "semantic_delta": "以文档历史语义命名手动版本快照，避免暴露底层 RPC 命名。",
+      "disposition": "alias_internal",
+      "semantic_delta": "保留既有历史快照路径及稳定 Schema identity；新的 Agent 场景统一使用 +version-save。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -2841,7 +2841,7 @@
       "risk": "read",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
       "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
-      "semantic_delta": "按名称检索模板并返回可继续创建的 templateId。",
+      "semantic_delta": "按名称或关键词检索模板并返回可消歧候选和 templateId。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -2860,8 +2860,8 @@
       "command": "+version-list",
       "risk": "read",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
-      "disposition": "alias_internal",
-      "semantic_delta": "保留历史版本列表命令及其稳定 Schema identity；新场景优先使用 +history-list。",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "版本浏览的 Agent 主入口；统一分页参数并返回可用于回滚的版本号。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -2870,8 +2870,8 @@
       "command": "+version-revert",
       "risk": "high-risk-write",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
-      "disposition": "alias_internal",
-      "semantic_delta": "保留历史版本回滚命令及其稳定 Schema identity；新场景优先使用 +history-revert。",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "版本回滚的 Agent 主入口；先验证目标版本存在，再回滚并读回当前状态。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -2880,58 +2880,289 @@
       "command": "+version-save",
       "risk": "write",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
-      "disposition": "alias_internal",
-      "semantic_delta": "保留历史版本快照命令及其稳定 Schema identity；新场景优先使用 +history-save。",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "版本快照的 Agent 主入口；只保存当前快照，不隐式修改正文。",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "write",
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+copy",
       "risk": "write",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "复制前预检在线对象类型；普通钉盘文件因下层只会生成 .dlink 而显式拒绝，避免把快捷方式伪装成独立副本。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "read",
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+cover",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "schema_leaf",
+      "semantic_delta": "读取节点封面或缩略图地址；明确不声称服务端多格式预览转换。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+create-folder",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "创建普通钉盘文件夹后要求 fileId，并读回名称验证。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+create-shortcut",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "明确 shortcut 与 copy 语义差异，创建后读取新节点验证。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+delete",
+      "risk": "high-risk-write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "将已确认节点移入回收站，要求高风险确认和 success=true 终态证据。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+download",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "不再只返回临时链接；使用受控相对路径、no-clobber、原子发布并验证非零本地字节。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+find-file",
       "risk": "read",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "alias_internal",
+      "semantic_delta": "保留历史文件定位入口；新的 Agent 文件搜索统一使用 +search。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "read",
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+info",
       "risk": "read",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "alias_internal",
+      "semantic_delta": "保留历史元数据入口；新的 Agent 场景统一使用可扩展的 +inspect。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "write",
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+inspect",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "以文件元数据为必达结果，按需聚合统计、公开状态和封面；可选读取失败显式报告 partial_success。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+list",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "严格区分显式空目录与缺失/畸形响应，稳定投影节点并完整保留分页游标。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+move",
       "risk": "write",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "移动后原位置不保留，统一 folder/workspace 目标语义并发布静态确认。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "read",
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+publish-get",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "schema_leaf",
+      "semantic_delta": "只读查询互联网公开状态和权限，不沿用原子命令错误的写风险标签。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+publish-unset",
+      "risk": "high-risk-write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "高风险确认后关闭互联网公开，并读回状态验证外链已失效。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+recent",
       "risk": "read",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "严格读取最近访问/编辑列表并保留 nextCursor/hasMore，防止嵌套响应被投影为空。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "read",
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+recycle-list",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "严格分页列出回收项并稳定投影 recycleItemId，显式空数组才是空回收站。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+recycle-restore",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "只要求列表可获得的 recycleItemId；恢复响应必须给出节点 ID，随后读回验证。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+rename",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "重命名后读取真实节点元数据验证最终名称。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+search",
       "risk": "read",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "统一关键词、文件类型、扩展名、创建者、时间和分页过滤，并拒绝缺失结果数组。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
-      "suite": "read",
+      "suite": "semantic",
       "service": "drive",
       "command": "+search-docs",
       "risk": "read",
-      "status": "real-ok"
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "alias_internal",
+      "semantic_delta": "保留历史跨域文档搜索入口；新的在线文档搜索统一使用 doc +search。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+star-add",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "schema_leaf",
+      "semantic_delta": "以幂等用户偏好语义收藏指定节点。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+star-list",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "严格分页列出当前用户收藏并保留游标。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+star-remove",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "schema_leaf",
+      "semantic_delta": "以幂等用户偏好语义取消收藏指定节点。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+stats",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "schema_leaf",
+      "semantic_delta": "读取节点访问、编辑、评论、点赞、预览和下载统计的一对一入口。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+upload",
+      "risk": "write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "组合工作目录边界校验、上传凭证、OSS PUT、严格提交响应和远端元数据读回。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+version-download",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "预检版本存在后安全下载历史字节，受控相对路径原子发布且要求非零产物。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+version-get",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "按正整数版本号精确匹配元数据；零命中显式失败。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+version-history",
+      "risk": "read",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "semantic_adapter",
+      "semantic_delta": "严格分页列出普通文件版本，区分合法空历史与响应契约错误。",
+      "availability": "available"
+    },
+    {
+      "suite": "semantic",
+      "service": "drive",
+      "command": "+version-revert",
+      "risk": "high-risk-write",
+      "status": "reviewed_available",
+      "disposition": "primary_smart",
+      "semantic_delta": "先验证目标版本存在，再经高风险确认回滚并读取当前节点状态。",
+      "availability": "available"
     },
     {
       "suite": "read",
@@ -3180,7 +3411,7 @@
       "risk": "read",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
       "disposition": "primary_smart",
-      "semantic_delta": "Validated itemList parsing, deterministic title filtering, bounded cursor pagination, de-duplication and completeness ledger; +minutes-search is a compatibility alias.",
+      "semantic_delta": "Validated itemList parsing, deterministic title filtering, bounded cursor pagination, de-duplication and completeness ledger; replaces the deprecated +minutes-search discovery route.",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {
@@ -3260,7 +3491,7 @@
       "risk": "write",
       "status": "reviewed_available",
       "disposition": "primary_smart",
-      "semantic_delta": "Owns local file validation, create-PUT-complete polling, cancellation compensation and final task read-back verification.",
+      "semantic_delta": "Owns local file validation, create-PUT-complete polling, pre-complete transfer cancellation compensation, unknown-completion recovery and final task read-back verification.",
       "availability": "available"
     },
     {

docs/skill-content-framework.md

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 > 本分支权威合同：`skills/mono` / `skills/multi` 的**内容组织**与 zip 内容树形状。  
 > 不做安装/升级行为约定。质检见 [skill-mono-multi-qa.md](skill-mono-multi-qa.md)。  
-> 对齐调研：[skill-wukong-align-plan.md](skill-wukong-align-plan.md)。
+> 安装、升级与模式迁移见
+> [DWS 预制 Skill 安装、升级与模式迁移 RFC](rfc-skill-installation-and-upgrade.md)。
 
 ## 1. 两棵内容树
 
@@ -87,18 +88,7 @@ skills/mono/
 
 质检可断言源树形状；**不**断言安装器默认解压哪棵。
 
-## 6. 与悟空 `dingtalk-skills/` 对照（组织概念 only）
-
-| 维度 | DWS `skills/multi` | 悟空 `dingtalk-skills/`（develop） |
-|---|---|---|
-| 布局 | flat `dingtalk-*` + `dingtalk-shared` | 同构 flat |
-| 集合 | 产品 skill + shared（含 event/profile/…；dev/skill 等长尾落在 misc） | 更小产品集（如 attendance/report 独立目录） |
-| 质检权威 | **mono 单 skill 树** | 不作为 DWS 覆盖基准 |
-| 不移植 | `_install.sh` / bundle / dual / Qwen overlay | — |
-
-悟空独有命名（如 `dingtalk-attendance`）在 DWS 中由 `dingtalk-misc` 承接对应 mono `attendance*` / `report` / `oa` / `sheet` / `dev` 等面——见覆盖表。
-
-## 7. 变更流程
+## 6. 变更流程
 
 1. 改 / 增内容 → 更新 `skills/content-qa/mono-multi-coverage.yaml`（coverage 或 omit）  
 2. 跑 `make skill-mono-multi-content`（该独立门禁不包含在默认 `make policy` 中）

docs/skill-mono-multi-qa.md

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 > 对照基准：`skills/mono`（单 skill）。被测主体：`skills/multi`。  
 > 机读合同：`skills/content-qa/mono-multi-coverage.yaml`。  
 > 执行：`make skill-mono-multi-content`（独立门禁；默认 `make policy` 按设计不包含该检查）。
+> 安装、升级与模式迁移见
+> [DWS 预制 Skill 安装、升级与模式迁移 RFC](rfc-skill-installation-and-upgrade.md)。
 
 ## 1. 质检矩阵
 
@@ -70,7 +72,3 @@ paired_files:
 | X6 | SAFETY_PREAMBLE_INJECT 无注入器 | **done** | 标记已移除 |
 
 产品面覆盖：见 YAML `coverage`——mono products 均有 multi 承接（misc 聚合 attendance/oa/sheet/…）。
-
-## 4. 与悟空
-
-借鉴 frontmatter / 断链 / requires 等**检查维度**；不运行悟空 bundle zip 校验脚本。覆盖权威始终是 DWS mono。

docs/skill-wukong-align-plan.md

@@ -1,272 +0,0 @@
-# DWS multi-skill **内容框架**对齐方案（相对 dws-wukong develop）
-
-> 状态：**执行中** — Phase 1–3 已落地；M2/M3 已补；**M1 recovery 闭环已从 skill 删除（不做移植）**。  
-> 合同短文：[skill-content-framework.md](skill-content-framework.md)  
-> 质检规格：[skill-mono-multi-qa.md](skill-mono-multi-qa.md)  
-> 机读合同：`skills/content-qa/mono-multi-coverage.yaml`  
-> 门禁：`make skill-mono-multi-content`（独立门禁；默认 `make policy` 按设计不包含该检查）
->
-> 撰写 / 收窄 / 质检增补 / 执行：2026-08-05  
-> 工作树：`/Users/john/GolandProjects/open-source/dws-multi-skill-align`  
-> 分支：`feat/multi-skill-framework-align`（自 `origin/main` @ `a37e6e68`）  
-> **本分支范围：只做 skill 内容的这个框架**（目录布局、文档契约、共享内容约定、zip 内容树合同、**相对 mono 的内容质检**）。  
-> **不做**安装/升级引擎、agent-home、脚本 skill-install 行为翻转。
->
-> 对照仓：
->
-> | 仓 | 路径 | 基线 |
-> |---|---|---|
-> | DWS OSS CLI（本工作树） | `dws-multi-skill-align` | `origin/main` |
-> | dws-wukong | `~/GolandProjects/open-source/dws-wukong` | `origin/develop` @ `ab76629a`（调研时） |
-> | 行为参考（**另一分支**） | `dws-skill-mode-migration` @ `402429ac`/`d5c8982c` | 安装默认 multi / upgrade 强制 multi —— **不在本分支排期** |
-> | 内容缺口留档（参考） | 同迁移分支 `docs/skill-capability-completion.md`（M1–M6 / X1 等） | **仅作质检目标线索**，非本分支权威 |
-
----
-
-## 0. TL;DR
-
-1. **本分支 = skill 内容框架 + 相对 mono 的内容质检**：固化 `skills/multi` 组织合同，并用 **mono 单 skill 布局作对照基准**做覆盖/结构/漂移门禁（文档 + CI 内容护栏）。
-2. **对齐悟空**：只取内容树组织概念；质检以 **DWS-native** 设计为主（已有 policy/测试可复用）。悟空 `validate-multiskill-bundle.py` 仅借鉴「frontmatter / 断链 / requires」类检查思路，**不**移植 bundle/安装校验。
-3. **安装/升级行为**与 `402429ac`/`d5c8982c` → **单独 follow-up 分支**，本方案只登记。
-4. 质检 **不改**默认安装哪棵树；只保证 multi 内容相对 mono **可解释、可覆盖、可回归**。
-
-### 0.1 IN SCOPE
-
-| 类别 | 包含 |
-|---|---|
-| 内容树结构 | `skills/mono/` 与 `skills/multi/<name>/` 目录合同 |
-| 单 skill 约定 | `SKILL.md` frontmatter / 契约块 / Golden Route；`references/`；可选 `scripts/` |
-| 共享内容 | `dingtalk-shared` 职责与被引用方式；与 mono 全局文映射（文档级） |
-| 命名与集合 | `dingtalk-*` + `dingtalk-shared`；相对悟空的共有/独有清单（文档） |
-| Zip **内容布局合同** | `mono/` / `multi/` / 根 mono 副本的内容含义与树形状；不改安装默认 |
-| **Mono↔multi 内容质检** | 覆盖、结构、漂移三类门禁；复用/扩展现有 policy 与测试；缺口修复属内容编辑（另批或同分支内容 Phase） |
-| 内容架构文档 | 本文件 + 可选短文（架构合同 + 质检矩阵） |
-
-### 0.2 OUT OF SCOPE
-
-| 类别 | 去向 |
-|---|---|
-| 安装默认 multi、upgrade always-multi | Follow-up 分支（`402429ac`/`d5c8982c`） |
-| `LocateSkillsRoot` / `skill_setup` / `paths.go` / `skillhome` / install 脚本行为 | 同上 |
-| 安装/运行时 manifest、state.json、mode 切换、telemetry header | 拒绝或行为分支 |
-| 悟空 `_install.sh` / dual / Qwen / RewindDesktop / pod | 拒绝 |
-| 非 skill 内容的 CLI 功能（schema/shortcut 代码等） | 拒绝 |
-| 把质检做成「改安装默认值」的后门 | 拒绝 |
-
----
-
-## 1. 内容现状盘点
-
-### 1.1 DWS `skills/mono`（质检对照基准 · 单 skill）
-
-```text
-skills/mono/
-├── SKILL.md
-├── references/
-│   ├── products/<area>.md|…/   # 产品能力面（质检「覆盖」主源）
-│   ├── error-codes.md、…  # 全局协议（无 recovery 闭环）
-│   └── best_practices/…
-└── scripts/
-```
-
-### 1.2 DWS `skills/multi`（内容主体）
-
-```text
-skills/multi/
-├── dingtalk-shared/     # 跨产品契约 / routing / 全局协议应落点
-└── dingtalk-*/     # 19 产品 + 各 references、scripts
-```
-
-仅 DWS 有（悟空无）：dev, event, hrbrain, markdown, pat, profile, skill。
-
-### 1.3 悟空 `dingtalk-skills/`（内容组织对照，非质检权威）
-
-Flat `dingtalk-*` + `dingtalk-shared`；单 skill 骨架同构。**不作为 mono 覆盖基准**（集合更小、不同源）。
-
-### 1.4 Zip 内容布局合同
-
-| Zip 路径 | 内容含义 |
-|---|---|
-| `<root>/` | mono 副本（兼容） |
-| `<root>/mono/` | 显式 mono 内容源 |
-| `<root>/multi/` | 与 `skills/multi/` 同构 |
-
-质检可断言「源树形状」；**不**断言安装面默认选哪棵。
-
-### 1.5 现有 DWS skill 内容质检资产（复用清单）
-
-| 资产 | 作用 | 与 mono↔multi 质检关系 |
-|---|---|---|
-| `scripts/policy/check-skill-commands.sh` + `skill-command-check/` | Skill 文内 `dws …` 命令路径存在性 | **复用**（命令真实性）；非覆盖映射 |
-| `scripts/policy/check-skill-context-budget.sh` | chat/event/mono/`dingtalk-shared` 上下文预算与冷启动约束 | **复用**（结构/预算）；可扩展 shared 引用规则 |
-| `scripts/policy/check-multi-im-skill-chain.sh` + `multi-im-skill-chain/` | IM 意图单默认路由、retired scripts、handoff | **复用**（chat/event 链）；面窄 |
-| `test/unit/skill_docs_policy_test.go` | 退役命令、event 扁平输出契约等 | **复用**；可加 mono↔multi 断言 |
-| `test/unit/whiteboard_skill_docs_test.go` | mono/multi whiteboard recipes **字节一致** | **样板**：产品面「同源文件」门禁范式 |
-| `test/skill_static`（`-tags skill_verify`） | 文内命令 vs Cobra；multi 查 flag | **复用**（opt-in 深度）；非 CI 默认全量时可保持 tags |
-| `test/skill_e2e` / `test/run_skill_tests.py` | 执行层 / 用例驱动 | **偏行为**；本分支质检默认不依赖 e2e |
-| `Makefile` → `policy` 含 context-budget、multi-im-skill-chain；`skill-command-integrity` 独立 | 已有 CI 钩子 | 新门禁优先挂同类 policy / `test/unit` |
-
-**缺口（尚无的门禁）**：系统的「mono `references/products/*` → multi 目录/文」覆盖表；frontmatter 全集完备性；orphan scripts。全局协议中 **确认门禁 / Schema 教学已补**；**recovery 闭环已从 skill 移除（不再作为缺口）**。
-
-### 1.6 悟空侧类比质检
-
-| 悟空 | 说明 | 本分支 |
-|---|---|---|
-| `scripts/validate-multiskill-bundle.py` | 校验 **已打好的 bundle zip**：frontmatter keys/category、`requires`、markdown 断链、scenario 编排 | **Adapt 思路** → DWS 源树（`skills/multi` + 对照 mono），不跑 zip 安装语义 |
-| `sync-monolith-to-multiskill.py` | mono→multi 派生 | **不**作默认质检手段；DWS 直接维护 multi |
-
-结论：**DWS-native mono↔multi 质检**；悟空仅参考检查维度。
-
----
-
-## 2. Diff（内容组织 + 质检视角）
-
-### 2.1 已同构
-
-Flat `dingtalk-*` + `dingtalk-shared`；`SKILL.md` + `references/`（+ 可选 `scripts/`）。
-
-### 2.2 分叉与已知内容风险（质检要盯的）
-
-| 风险 ID | 现象（线索） | 质检类型 |
-|---|---|---|
-| **C-cov** | mono `products/*` 能力面在 multi 无对应 skill/reference，或未登记「有意省略」 | 覆盖 |
-| **C-struct** | multi 缺 frontmatter 字段、`references/`、`DWS_RUNTIME_CONTRACT`、对 `dingtalk-shared` 引用不一致 | 结构 |
-| **C-drift-global** | 曾关注 recovery / 确认 / Schema；现确认与 Schema 已在 `dingtalk-shared`，**recovery skill 文档已删除** | 漂移（协议） |
-| **C-drift-orphan** | multi（或 mono）scripts/refs 无文档引用；或 routing 指向无索引产品（留档 X1/M6） | 漂移（孤儿） |
-| **C-pair** | 应对齐的成对文件（如 whiteboard recipes）内容不一致 | 漂移（成对） |
-
-### 2.3 Reject
-
-悟空安装包校验整文件照搬、内容集 19→12 砍产品、安装行为门禁冒充内容质检。
-
----
-
-## 3. Goals / Non-goals
-
-### 3.1 Goals
-
-1. 固化 multi **内容目录合同**与 mono↔multi **映射说明**。  
-2. 建立 **质检矩阵**（覆盖 / 结构 / 漂移）并以 mono 为对照基准；有意省略必须 reviewed 登记。  
-3. **复用** §1.5 资产；新增门禁走 `scripts/policy` 或 `test/unit`，内容-only。  
-4. （可选）纯内容元数据；**禁止**被安装引擎读取改行为。  
-5. 质检失败 → 修 **内容**或更新「有意省略」表，不改 setup/upgrade。
-
-### 3.2 Non-goals
-
-安装/升级翻转；cherry-pick 行为提交；取消产品；悟空客户端；非 skill CLI 功能；用质检驱动默认 multi 安装。
-
----
-
-## 4. 分期（内容框架 + 质检 · 均无安装引擎）
-
-> 批准前 **零编码**（含不实现新 gates）。**已执行**：Phase 1–3 见文首状态。
-
-### Phase 0 — 方案冻结（本文）
-
-| | |
-|---|---|
-| **范围** | 本文件；§7（含质检轨）勾选 |
-| **验收** | owner 重新批准 → ✅「现在开始执行」 |
-
-### Phase 1 — Multi 内容目录合同 + 架构短文 ✅
-
-| | |
-|---|---|
-| **范围** | `skills/multi` 目录合同；与悟空内容树对照表；zip `multi/` 同构合同 |
-| **触达** | `docs/skill-content-framework.md` |
-| **验收** | 可指导「如何新增 dingtalk-* 内容目录」 |
-
-### Phase 2 — Mono↔multi **内容质检规格**（矩阵 + 缺口基线） ✅
-
-| | |
-|---|---|
-| **范围** | 质检规格 + 覆盖/omit 机读表 + 缺口 disposition |
-| **触达** | `docs/skill-mono-multi-qa.md`、`skills/content-qa/mono-multi-coverage.yaml` |
-| **验收** | 矩阵可人工抽查；缺口均有 disposition |
-
-### Phase 3 — 质检落地：CI 内容护栏（复用 + 新 gate） ✅
-
-| | |
-|---|---|
-| **范围** | G1–G4 自动门禁 |
-| **触达** | `test/unit/mono_multi_skill_content_test.go`、`scripts/policy/check-mono-multi-skill-content.sh`、`Makefile` |
-| **验收** | `make skill-mono-multi-content` 绿；已知缺口走 reviewed omit |
-
-### Phase 4 — 可选：内容包元数据 + 缺口修复波次
-
-| | |
-|---|---|
-| **范围 A** | 纯内容 layout/skill 列表元数据（人不读安装器） |
-| **范围 B** | 按 Phase 2 disposition **修内容**：确认 / Schema 已补；**recovery skill 文档已删除（wontfix 移植）**；orphan 脚本仍走 allowlist（M4 等） |
-| **验收** | 元数据不驱动安装；修复项关闭对应质检失败或转入 omit |
-
-### 延期登记（非本分支）
-
-| 主题 | 载体 |
-|---|---|
-| 默认 multi + upgrade always-multi | 行为分支 ← `402429ac`/`d5c8982c` |
-| skillhome / 安装面 bootstrap | 行为分支 |
-
----
-
-## 5. Port / Adapt / Reject
-
-| 项 | 决策 | 说明 |
-|---|---|---|
-| flat + `dingtalk-shared` 内容模型 | **Port** | 已有；合同 + 质检加固 |
-| 悟空 bundle frontmatter/断链/requires 检查维度 | **Adapt** | 做成 DWS 源树门禁，不校验 bundle zip/安装 |
-| whiteboard 式 mono/multi 成对一致 | **Port（范式）** | 推广到 reviewed 文件对 |
-| `validate-multiskill-bundle.py` 整脚本 | **Reject** | 绑定悟空 zip/Qwen 语义 |
-| `_install.sh` / dual / overlay | **Reject** | 非内容 |
-| 行为 cherry-pick | **Defer** | 另分支 |
-
----
-
-## 6. 与 `402429ac` / `d5c8982c`
-
-| | |
-|---|---|
-| 本分支 cherry-pick？ | **否** |
-| 质检是否替代行为翻转？ | **否** |
-| 行为分支 | 另开；可与内容/质检并行 |
-
----
-
-## 7. 批准清单（请重新勾选）
-
-**范围**
-
-- [x] 本分支 = skill **内容**框架 + **mono↔multi 内容质检**（§0.1）；无安装/升级引擎  
-- [x] `402429ac`/`d5c8982c` 及 setup/paths/install 脚本行为 **不在本分支**  
-- [x] 取消产品与悟空客户端链路仍拒绝  
-
-**内容框架 Phase**
-
-- [x] **Phase 1**：multi 目录合同 + 悟空内容树对照短文  
-
-**质检轨 Phase**
-
-- [x] **Phase 2**：质检矩阵 + mono↔multi 覆盖/缺口基线规格（先文档，可执行）  
-- [x] **Phase 3**：CI 内容护栏（G1–G4）—— 本迭代做 / 拆 PR / 只要规格暂不落地  
-- [x] 质检失败处置原则：修内容或 reviewed omit，**不**改安装默认  
-
-**可选**
-
-- [ ] **Phase 4A** 纯内容元数据：做 / 不做 / 以后  
-- [x] **Phase 4B** recovery skill 文档 **removed/wontfix**；确认/Schema 已补；剩余 orphan（M4 等）仍 defer / allowlist  
-
-**Follow-up 知悉**
-
-- [ ] 安装默认 multi + upgrade always-multi → **另一分支**  
-
----
-
-## 8. 下一步
-
-**Phase 1–3 已落地**（合同短文 + 质检规格 + `skills/content-qa` + CI 门禁）。  
-Phase 4B：recovery 已删除（不做移植）；确认/Schema 已补。剩余 defer：orphan scripts（M4 等）、LICENSE/NOTICE（M5）、Phase 4A 元数据。  
-安装默认 multi 等行为仍走 **另一分支**。
-
----
-
-*锚点：`skills/mono`、`skills/multi`、§1.5 policy/测试、wukong `dingtalk-skills/`（组织对照 only）。*

go.mod

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/itchyny/gojq v0.12.18
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20
 	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0
-	github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.2-0.20260705041131-325e7c1049ad
+	github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.2-beta.1
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.10.2
 	github.com/zalando/go-keyring v0.2.8
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.49.0

go.sum

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 h1:3I4Kt4BQjOR54NavqnDogx/MIoWBFa0StPA8ELU
 github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2/go.mod h1:3XuTXfFS2VjM+HTLZY9Ak0l6eUKfijIfMUZ4EgX0QYo=
 github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0 h1:S5AlUN9dENB57rsbnkPyfdGuWIlkmzJjbFf0Tf5FWUc=
 github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0/go.mod h1:ZRfOIKPFDYQoDFF4Olj7/QJbW60Ol/kL1pU3VfY/Cnk=
-github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.2-0.20260705041131-325e7c1049ad h1:Bb4I+suYd+ehQ8e22aimLLze+5XTN3+WTc/x2LafmH8=
-github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.2-0.20260705041131-325e7c1049ad/go.mod h1:ln3IqPYYocZbYvl9TAOrG/cxGR9xcn4pnZRLdCTEGEU=
+github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.2-beta.1 h1:5WwR5TV6A12taXMH7SggT8yCMMJMF9jWE7Wj+4AuHck=
+github.com/open-dingtalk/dingtalk-stream-sdk-go v0.9.2-beta.1/go.mod h1:ln3IqPYYocZbYvl9TAOrG/cxGR9xcn4pnZRLdCTEGEU=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 h1:WUdvkW8uEhrYfLC4ZzdpI2ztxP1I582+49Oc5Mq64VQ=

internal/app/coverage_edges_test.go

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/pat"
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/plugin"
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/safety"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/transport"
 	upgradepkg "github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/upgrade"
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/pkg/edition"
@@ -2033,6 +2034,10 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupRuntimeCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills", "dingtalk-shared", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
+	state, readable, err := skillstate.Read(home)
+	if err != nil || !readable || len(state.OfficialSkills) != 3 || len(state.UpdatedSkills) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("setup state = %#v, readable=%v, err=%v", state, readable, err)
+	}
 	if output, _, err := run("--mode", "multi", "--source", multi, "--target", "agents", "--yes", "--dry-run", "--exclude", "b"); err != nil || !strings.Contains(output, "DRY-RUN") {
 		t.Fatalf("multi dry run = %q, %v", output, err)
 	}
@@ -2048,8 +2053,11 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupRuntimeCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("invalid setup %#v succeeded", args)
 		}
 	}
-	if _, _, err := run("--source", mono, "--target", "agents", "--yes", "--dry-run"); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("default mono setup: %v", err)
+	if _, _, err := run("--mode", "mono", "--source", mono, "--target", "agents", "--yes", "--dry-run"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("mono setup: %v", err)
+	}
+	if output, _, err := run("--source", multi, "--target", "agents", "--yes", "--dry-run"); err != nil || !strings.Contains(output, "mode=multi") {
+		t.Fatalf("default mode should be multi: %q, %v", output, err)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2082,7 +2090,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPureCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := listMultiSkillNames(filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "missing")); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("missing multi source succeeded")
 	}
-	if mode, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("", true, io.Discard); err != nil || mode != skillSetupModeMono {
+	if mode, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("", true, io.Discard); err != nil || mode != skillSetupModeMulti {
 		t.Fatalf("default setup mode = %q, %v", mode, err)
 	}
 	if _, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("bad", true, io.Discard); err == nil {
@@ -2117,7 +2125,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPureCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct{ path, mode string }{{"", skillSetupModeMono}, {mono, skillSetupModeMono}, {filepath.Dir(multi), skillSetupModeMulti}, {root, "bad"}} {
 		_ = isSkillSourceRoot(tc.path, tc.mode)
 	}
-	t.Setenv("HOME", t.TempDir())
+	setTestHome(t, t.TempDir())
 	for _, tc := range []struct{ target, mode string }{{"agents", skillSetupModeMono}, {"agents", skillSetupModeMulti}, {"all", skillSetupModeMono}, {"missing", skillSetupModeMono}} {
 		_, _ = resolveSkillSetupTargets(tc.target, tc.mode)
 	}
@@ -2125,8 +2133,8 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPureCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 	_ = agentHomeForMode("base", skillSetupModeMulti)
 	_ = detectExistingAgentHomes(t.TempDir(), skillSetupModeMono)
 	for _, mode := range []string{skillSetupModeMono, skillSetupModeMulti, "bad"} {
-		_, _ = confirmSkillSetup(io.Discard, mode, root, []string{root}, all)
-		_ = mutualExclusionVictims(root, mode)
+		_, _ = confirmSkillSetup(io.Discard, mode, root, []string{root}, all, false)
+		_, _ = mutualExclusionVictims(root, mode)
 	}
 	if isCharDevice(nil) || isInteractiveTerminal() {
 		t.Fatal("test process unexpectedly interactive")
@@ -2134,17 +2142,17 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPureCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 
 	monoDest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "agent", "dws")
 	_ = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(monoDest), "dingtalk-old"), 0o755)
-	_ = mutualExclusionVictims(monoDest, skillSetupModeMono)
+	_, _ = mutualExclusionVictims(monoDest, skillSetupModeMono)
 	multiDest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "agent")
 	_ = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(multiDest, "dws"), 0o755)
-	_ = mutualExclusionVictims(multiDest, skillSetupModeMulti)
+	_, _ = mutualExclusionVictims(multiDest, skillSetupModeMulti)
 	cleanupMutualExclusion(monoDest, skillSetupModeMono, io.Discard, io.Discard)
 	cleanupMutualExclusion(multiDest, skillSetupModeMulti, io.Discard, io.Discard)
 
 	badParent := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "file")
 	_ = os.WriteFile(badParent, []byte("x"), 0o600)
 	_, _, _ = installSkillToHomes(root, []string{filepath.Join(badParent, "dest")}, io.Discard, io.Discard)
-	_, _, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes(root, []string{"missing"}, []string{filepath.Join(badParent, "dest")}, io.Discard, io.Discard)
+	_, _, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes(root, []string{"missing"}, []string{filepath.Join(badParent, "dest")}, io.Discard, io.Discard, true)
 	if err := copyDir(filepath.Join(root, "missing"), t.TempDir()); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("copy missing directory succeeded")
 	}

internal/app/p1_shared_install_test.go

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func TestP1SharedAlwaysIncludedWithSkillFilter(t *testing.T) {
 	// Actually install with the filtered+mandatory set and assert dingtalk-shared landed.
 	dest := t.TempDir()
 	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
-	if _, _, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, final, []string{dest}, &out, &errOut); err != nil {
+	if _, _, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, final, []string{dest}, &out, &errOut, true); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("install: %v (%s)", err, errOut.String())
 	}
 	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-shared", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {

internal/app/pat_auth_retry_full_coverage_test.go

@@ -79,13 +79,15 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoveragePATRetryRemainingPureAndWaitCoverage(t *testing.T)
 	if ok, err := WaitForPatAuthorization(context.Background(), "", &out); err != nil || ok {
 		t.Fatalf("timed out authorization = %v, %v", ok, err)
 	}
-	patAuthorizationTimeout = 5 * time.Millisecond
+	patAuthorizationTimeout = time.Second
 	patAuthorizationPollInterval = time.Millisecond
+	pollCtx, pollCancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	patResolveAccessToken = func(context.Context, string, string) (string, error) {
+		pollCancel()
 		return "", authpkg.ErrTokenDataNotFound
 	}
 	out.Reset()
-	if ok, err := WaitForPatAuthorization(context.Background(), "", &out); err != nil || ok || !strings.Contains(out.String(), "等待授权中") {
+	if ok, err := WaitForPatAuthorization(pollCtx, "", &out); ok || !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) || !strings.Contains(out.String(), "等待授权中") {
 		t.Fatalf("invalid-token polling = %v, %v, output %q", ok, err, out.String())
 	}
 }

internal/app/root.go

@@ -681,6 +681,11 @@ func newRootCommandWithEngine(rootCtx context.Context, engine *pipeline.Engine,
 			if _, err := parseAgentProduct(os.Getenv(agentproduct.EnvName)); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
+			if shouldDetectNestedSkillLayout(cmd) {
+				if found, err := detectNestedMultiSkillLayout(); err == nil && found {
+					fmt.Fprintln(cmd.ErrOrStderr(), "⚠️  检测到旧升级器留下的嵌套 Skill；请运行 dws skill setup --mode multi 查看迁移计划并确认")
+				}
+			}
 
 			authpkg.SetRuntimeProfile(flags.Profile)
 			// Apply OAuth credential overrides from CLI flags (highest priority).

internal/app/schema_shortcut_contract_test.go

@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	publicShortcutCount = 378
+	publicShortcutCount = 399
 	// schemaPublishedShortcutCount counts every delivered *.shortcut_* tool,
 	// including the hidden historical minutes.shortcut_minutes_search contract.
-	schemaPublishedShortcutCount = 379
+	schemaPublishedShortcutCount = 401
 	// publiclyDeliveredShortcutCount is the public-catalog subset of that surface.
-	publiclyDeliveredShortcutCount = 378
+	publiclyDeliveredShortcutCount = 399
 )
 
 func TestDeliverySchemaCoversOrExactlyExcludesEveryPublicShortcutContract(t *testing.T) {

internal/app/skill_command.go

@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ var agentSkillPaths = map[string]string{
 	"claude":    ".claude/skills",
 	"cursor":    ".cursor/skills",
 	"codex":     ".codex/skills",
+	"zcode":     ".zcode/skills",
 	"opencode":  filepath.Join(".config", "opencode", "skills"),
 	// IDE / agent registries also probed by `dws skill setup --target all`.
 	"gemini":   ".gemini/skills",

internal/app/skill_command_test.go

@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ func TestSupportedTargets(t *testing.T) {
 	// Should contain all predefined targets — including the agents/* sentinel
 	// and the IDE/agent registries we share with skillSetupAgentHomes.
 	expectedTargets := []string{
-		"agents", "claude", "cursor", "codex", "opencode", "qoder",
+		"agents", "claude", "cursor", "codex", "zcode", "opencode", "qoder",
 		"gemini", "github", "windsurf", "augment", "cline",
 		"amp", "kiro", "trae", "openclaw", "hermes",
 		".",

internal/app/skill_setup_cleanup_coverage_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,707 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package app
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+func useManagedSkillNames(t *testing.T, names ...string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	records := make([]skillprovenance.Record, 0, len(names))
+	for _, name := range names {
+		records = append(records, skillprovenance.Record{Name: name})
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadState, func(string) (*skillstate.State, bool, error) {
+		return &skillstate.State{ManagedSkills: records}, true, nil
+	})
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupConfirmPreviewsStaleSkills verifies the
+// confirmation prompt lists stale dingtalk-* / dws-shared directories that a
+// full (unfiltered) multi install will back up and remove, and that a
+// filtered install previews nothing extra.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupConfirmPreviewsStaleSkills(t *testing.T) {
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupInteractive, func() bool { return false })
+
+	dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".claude", "skills")
+	stale := filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-old")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(stale, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(stale, "SKILL.md"), []byte("stale"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, "dingtalk-old")
+
+	var out bytes.Buffer
+	ok, err := confirmSkillSetup(&out, skillSetupModeMulti, "src", []string{dest}, []string{"dingtalk-chat"}, false)
+	if err == nil || ok || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--yes") {
+		t.Fatalf("confirmSkillSetup = (%v, %v), want non-interactive confirmation error", ok, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), "将备份并移除过期 skill") {
+		t.Fatalf("full install preview must list stale skills, got %q", out.String())
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-old")) {
+		t.Fatalf("preview must name the stale directory, got %q", out.String())
+	}
+
+	out.Reset()
+	ok, err = confirmSkillSetup(&out, skillSetupModeMulti, "src", []string{dest}, []string{"dingtalk-chat"}, true)
+	if err == nil || ok {
+		t.Fatalf("filtered confirmSkillSetup = (%v, %v), want non-interactive confirmation error", ok, err)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(out.String(), "将备份并移除过期 skill") {
+		t.Fatalf("filtered install must stay additive in the preview, got %q", out.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupUnifiedOwnership(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-custom")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if isManagedDWSMultiSkillDir(dir) {
+		t.Fatal("an unregistered dingtalk-* directory must not be treated as DWS-owned")
+	}
+	managed := map[string]bool{"dingtalk-custom": true}
+	if !isManagedDWSMultiSkillDir(dir, managed) {
+		t.Fatal("unified metadata must prove ownership")
+	}
+	legacy := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), legacySharedSkill)
+	if !isManagedDWSMultiSkillDir(legacy) {
+		t.Fatal("the exact legacy dws-shared name must remain managed")
+	}
+
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoveragePublishManagedSkillFailurePaths(t *testing.T) {
+	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a"})
+	skillSrc := filepath.Join(src, "dingtalk-a")
+	failure := errors.New("publish denied")
+
+	t.Run("mkdir", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishTemp, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", failure })
+		err := publishDWSManagedSkillDir(skillSrc, filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-a"))
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "staging") {
+			t.Fatalf("mkdir error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("copy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		parent := t.TempDir()
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		err := publishDWSManagedSkillDir(skillSrc, filepath.Join(parent, "dingtalk-a"))
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("copy error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if entries, readErr := os.ReadDir(parent); readErr != nil || len(entries) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("copy failure retained staging: %v, err=%v", entries, readErr)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rename", func(t *testing.T) {
+		parent := t.TempDir()
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		err := publishDWSManagedSkillDir(skillSrc, filepath.Join(parent, "dingtalk-a"))
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "发布 Skill") {
+			t.Fatalf("rename error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if entries, readErr := os.ReadDir(parent); readErr != nil || len(entries) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("rename failure retained staging: %v, err=%v", entries, readErr)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("cleanup", func(t *testing.T) {
+		renameErr := errors.New("rename denied")
+		cleanupErr := errors.New("cleanup denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(string, string) error { return renameErr })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveAll, func(string) error { return cleanupErr })
+		err := publishDWSManagedSkillDir(skillSrc, filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-a"))
+		if !errors.Is(err, renameErr) || !errors.Is(err, cleanupErr) {
+			t.Fatalf("cleanup error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupCleanupHomeFailure verifies that
+// cleanupMutualExclusion keeps every victim in place with a warning when
+// $HOME cannot be resolved, instead of destroying anything.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupCleanupHomeFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".agents", "skills")
+	victim := filepath.Join(dest, "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(victim, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(victim, "SKILL.md"), []byte("mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	homeErr := errors.New("home boom")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return "", homeErr })
+
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	cleanupMutualExclusion(dest, skillSetupModeMulti, &out, &errOut)
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "无法解析 HOME，跳过删除") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected HOME warning on errOut, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(victim, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("victim must survive the HOME failure: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupBackupFailureSkipsWholeTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	copyCalls := 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error {
+		copyCalls++
+		return nil
+	})
+	failure := errors.New("backup boom")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(_ string, dir string) (string, error) {
+		if filepath.Base(dir) == "dws" {
+			return "", failure
+		}
+		return "", nil
+	})
+
+	dest := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dest, "dws"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"})
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"}, []string{dest}, &out, &errOut, false)
+	if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("install = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 2, nil)", installed, skipped, err)
+	}
+	if copyCalls != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("backup failure staged %d new Skills, want 2", copyCalls)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "跳过整个 Agent 目标") {
+		t.Fatalf("missing whole-target warning: %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupCleanupMutualExclusionBackupFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	dest := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	victim := filepath.Join(dest, "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(victim, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	failure := errors.New("backup boom")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(_ string, dir string) (string, error) {
+		if dir != victim {
+			t.Fatalf("backup victim = %q, want %q", dir, victim)
+		}
+		return "", failure
+	})
+
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	err := cleanupMutualExclusion(dest, skillSetupModeMulti, &out, &errOut)
+	if !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+		t.Fatalf("cleanup error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+	}
+	if out.Len() != 0 || !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "互斥清理失败") {
+		t.Fatalf("cleanup output = %q / %q", out.String(), errOut.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMonoCleanupFailureSkipsWholeTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	copyCalls := 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error {
+		copyCalls++
+		return nil
+	})
+	failure := errors.New("multi backup boom")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(_ string, dir string) (string, error) {
+		if filepath.Base(dir) == "dingtalk-a" {
+			return "", failure
+		}
+		return "", nil
+	})
+
+	base := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	multi := filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-a")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(multi, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, filepath.Base(multi))
+	monoSrc := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(monoSrc, "SKILL.md"), []byte("mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := installSkillToHomes(monoSrc, []string{filepath.Join(base, "dws")}, &out, &errOut)
+	if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("install = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 1, nil)", installed, skipped, err)
+	}
+	if copyCalls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("multi cleanup failure staged mono %d times, want 1", copyCalls)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(multi); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("multi leftover must survive backup failure: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "Skill 备份失败，已执行回滚，跳过整个 Agent 目标") {
+		t.Fatalf("missing mono whole-target warning: %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupStaleBackupFailureSkipsWholeTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	copyCalls := 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error {
+		copyCalls++
+		return nil
+	})
+	failure := errors.New("stale backup boom")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(_ string, dir string) (string, error) {
+		if filepath.Base(dir) == "dingtalk-stale" {
+			return "", failure
+		}
+		return "", nil
+	})
+
+	dest := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	stale := filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-stale")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(stale, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, filepath.Base(stale))
+	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"})
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"}, []string{dest}, &out, &errOut, false)
+	if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("install = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 2, nil)", installed, skipped, err)
+	}
+	if copyCalls != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("stale backup failure staged %d new Skills, want 2", copyCalls)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "Skill 备份失败，已执行回滚，跳过整个 Agent 目标") {
+		t.Fatalf("missing stale whole-target warning: %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupTransactionFailuresRestoreOldSet(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, failureKind := range []string{"later_backup", "later_publish"} {
+		failureKind := failureKind
+		t.Run(failureKind, func(t *testing.T) {
+			home := t.TempDir()
+			dest := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+			first := filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-first")
+			second := filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-second")
+			for path, body := range map[string]string{
+				filepath.Join(first, "SKILL.md"):  "old first\n",
+				filepath.Join(second, "SKILL.md"): "old second\n",
+			} {
+				if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o755); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+				if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(body), 0o644); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+			src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-first", "dingtalk-second"})
+			if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(src, "dingtalk-first", "SKILL.md"), []byte("new first\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(src, "dingtalk-second", "SKILL.md"), []byte("new second\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+			failure := errors.New("injected " + failureKind + " failure")
+			if failureKind == "later_backup" {
+				originalBackup := skillSetupBackupAndRemove
+				testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(homeDir, dir string) (string, error) {
+					if dir == second {
+						return "", failure
+					}
+					return originalBackup(homeDir, dir)
+				})
+			} else {
+				originalRename := skillSetupPublishRename
+				testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(oldPath, newPath string) error {
+					if newPath == second && strings.HasPrefix(filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(oldPath)), ".dws-setup-set-") {
+						return failure
+					}
+					return originalRename(oldPath, newPath)
+				})
+			}
+
+			var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+			installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(
+				src,
+				[]string{"dingtalk-first", "dingtalk-second"},
+				[]string{dest},
+				&out,
+				&errOut,
+				true,
+			)
+			if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 2 {
+				t.Fatalf("transaction failure = (%d, %d, %v), stderr=%s", installed, skipped, err, errOut.String())
+			}
+			for path, want := range map[string]string{
+				filepath.Join(first, "SKILL.md"):  "old first\n",
+				filepath.Join(second, "SKILL.md"): "old second\n",
+			} {
+				got, readErr := os.ReadFile(path)
+				if readErr != nil || string(got) != want {
+					t.Fatalf("restored %s = %q, err=%v, want %q", path, got, readErr, want)
+				}
+			}
+			entries, readErr := os.ReadDir(dest)
+			if readErr != nil {
+				t.Fatal(readErr)
+			}
+			for _, entry := range entries {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(entry.Name(), ".dws-setup-set-") {
+					t.Fatalf("transaction left staging directory %s", entry.Name())
+				}
+			}
+			if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "已执行回滚") || !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), failure.Error()) {
+				t.Fatalf("transaction failure output = %q", errOut.String())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupTransactionFailureEdges(t *testing.T) {
+	failure := errors.New("injected transaction failure")
+
+	t.Run("managed publish success", func(t *testing.T) {
+		src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a"})
+		dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-a")
+		if err := publishDWSManagedSkillDir(filepath.Join(src, "dingtalk-a"), dest); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dest, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("published Skill missing: %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("staging cleanup failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a"})
+		dest := t.TempDir()
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		cleanupErr := errors.New("staging cleanup failure")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveAll, func(string) error { return cleanupErr })
+		_, _, err := stageSkillSetupTarget(
+			&skillSetupPlan{Mode: skillSetupModeMulti, Source: src, MultiSkillNames: []string{"dingtalk-a"}},
+			skillSetupTargetPlan{Destination: dest},
+		)
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !errors.Is(err, cleanupErr) {
+			t.Fatalf("staging cleanup error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("staging directory failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a"})
+		dest := t.TempDir()
+		originalMkdirAll := skillSetupMkdirAll
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupMkdirAll, func(path string, mode os.FileMode) error {
+			if filepath.Base(path) == "dingtalk-a" && strings.HasPrefix(filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(path)), ".dws-setup-set-") {
+				return failure
+			}
+			return originalMkdirAll(path, mode)
+		})
+		_, _, err := stageSkillSetupTarget(
+			&skillSetupPlan{Mode: skillSetupModeMulti, Source: src, MultiSkillNames: []string{"dingtalk-a"}},
+			skillSetupTargetPlan{Destination: dest},
+		)
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "创建 Skill staging 目录失败") {
+			t.Fatalf("staging directory error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("restore failure aggregation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run("remove published", func(t *testing.T) {
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveAll, func(string) error { return failure })
+			if err := restoreSkillSetupTarget([]string{"published"}, nil); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+				t.Fatalf("remove published error = %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+		t.Run("original still exists", func(t *testing.T) {
+			original := t.TempDir()
+			err := restoreSkillSetupTarget(nil, []skillSetupBackedUpDir{{original: original, backup: "backup"}})
+			if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "恢复目标仍存在") {
+				t.Fatalf("existing restore target error = %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+		t.Run("stat", func(t *testing.T) {
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, failure })
+			err := restoreSkillSetupTarget(nil, []skillSetupBackedUpDir{{original: "original", backup: "backup"}})
+			if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "检查 Skill 恢复目标失败") {
+				t.Fatalf("restore stat error = %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+		t.Run("mkdir", func(t *testing.T) {
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, os.ErrNotExist })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return failure })
+			err := restoreSkillSetupTarget(nil, []skillSetupBackedUpDir{{original: "original", backup: "backup"}})
+			if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "创建 Skill 恢复目录失败") {
+				t.Fatalf("restore mkdir error = %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+		t.Run("rename", func(t *testing.T) {
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, os.ErrNotExist })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return nil })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+			err := restoreSkillSetupTarget(nil, []skillSetupBackedUpDir{{original: "original", backup: "backup"}})
+			if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "恢复原 Skill 失败") {
+				t.Fatalf("restore rename error = %v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	})
+
+	t.Run("backup rollback failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := 0
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(string, string) (string, error) {
+			calls++
+			if calls == 1 {
+				return "backup", nil
+			}
+			return "", failure
+		})
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, os.ErrNotExist })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return nil })
+		restoreErr := errors.New("restore failure")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(string, string) error { return restoreErr })
+		_, err := backupSkillSetupTarget("home", []skillSetupBackup{{Path: "first"}, {Path: "second"}}, io.Discard)
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !errors.Is(err, restoreErr) {
+			t.Fatalf("backup rollback error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("publish rollback failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, os.ErrNotExist })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return nil })
+		err := publishSkillSetupTarget(
+			[]skillSetupStagedDir{{staged: "staged", dest: "dest"}},
+			[]skillSetupBackedUpDir{{original: "dest", backup: "backup"}},
+		)
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "回滚不完整") {
+			t.Fatalf("publish rollback error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("execute cleanup errors", func(t *testing.T) {
+		newPlan := func(t *testing.T) *skillSetupPlan {
+			t.Helper()
+			src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a"})
+			return &skillSetupPlan{
+				Mode:            skillSetupModeMulti,
+				Source:          src,
+				MultiSkillNames: []string{"dingtalk-a"},
+				Targets:         []skillSetupTargetPlan{{Destination: t.TempDir()}},
+			}
+		}
+
+		t.Run("after backup failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+			plan := newPlan(t)
+			plan.Targets[0].Backups = []skillSetupBackup{{Path: filepath.Join(plan.Targets[0].Destination, "old")}}
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return t.TempDir(), nil })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", failure })
+			cleanupErr := errors.New("cleanup after backup failure")
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveAll, func(string) error { return cleanupErr })
+			var stderr bytes.Buffer
+			_, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(plan, io.Discard, &stderr)
+			if err != nil || skipped != 1 || !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), cleanupErr.Error()) {
+				t.Fatalf("backup cleanup = skipped %d, err %v, stderr %q", skipped, err, stderr.String())
+			}
+		})
+
+		t.Run("after publish failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+			plan := newPlan(t)
+			originalRename := skillSetupPublishRename
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(oldPath, newPath string) error {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(oldPath)), ".dws-setup-set-") {
+					return failure
+				}
+				return originalRename(oldPath, newPath)
+			})
+			originalRemoveAll := skillSetupRemoveAll
+			cleanupErr := errors.New("cleanup after publish failure")
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveAll, func(path string) error {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(filepath.Base(path), ".dws-setup-set-") {
+					return cleanupErr
+				}
+				return originalRemoveAll(path)
+			})
+			var stderr bytes.Buffer
+			_, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(plan, io.Discard, &stderr)
+			if err != nil || skipped != 1 || !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), cleanupErr.Error()) {
+				t.Fatalf("publish cleanup = skipped %d, err %v, stderr %q", skipped, err, stderr.String())
+			}
+		})
+
+		t.Run("after success", func(t *testing.T) {
+			plan := newPlan(t)
+			originalRemoveAll := skillSetupRemoveAll
+			cleanupErr := errors.New("cleanup after success")
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveAll, func(path string) error {
+				if strings.HasPrefix(filepath.Base(path), ".dws-setup-set-") {
+					return cleanupErr
+				}
+				return originalRemoveAll(path)
+			})
+			var stderr bytes.Buffer
+			installed, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(plan, io.Discard, &stderr)
+			if err != nil || installed != 1 || skipped != 0 || !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), cleanupErr.Error()) {
+				t.Fatalf("success cleanup = installed %d, skipped %d, err %v, stderr %q", installed, skipped, err, stderr.String())
+			}
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupInstallHomeFailureSkips verifies both
+// install paths skip (never destroy) every target when $HOME cannot be
+// resolved for the pre-refresh backup.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupInstallHomeFailureSkips(t *testing.T) {
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return "", errors.New("home boom") })
+
+	monoSrc := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(monoSrc, "SKILL.md"), []byte("# mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	monoDest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "agent", "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(monoDest, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(monoDest, "SKILL.md"), []byte("# old"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := installSkillToHomes(monoSrc, []string{monoDest}, &out, &errOut)
+	if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("mono install = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 1, nil)", installed, skipped, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "无法解析 HOME，跳过刷新") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected HOME skip warning, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(monoDest, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("existing mono dir must be preserved: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	multiSrc := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a"})
+	multiDest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".claude", "skills")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(multiDest, "dingtalk-a"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	out.Reset()
+	errOut.Reset()
+	installed, skipped, err = installMultiSkillToHomes(multiSrc, []string{"dingtalk-a"}, []string{multiDest}, &out, &errOut, true)
+	if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("multi install = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 1, nil)", installed, skipped, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "无法解析 HOME，跳过整个 Agent 目标") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected multi HOME skip warning, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(multiDest, "dingtalk-a")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("existing sub skill must be preserved: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupRemoveStaleMultiSkillsEdges covers
+// removeStaleMultiSkills and its preview companion staleMultiSkillVictims:
+// scan failures, the HOME failure, backup failures, and the success path.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupRemoveStaleMultiSkillsEdges(t *testing.T) {
+	dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".cursor", "skills")
+	keep := []string{"dingtalk-chat"}
+	entries := map[string]bool{ // dir entries; README below is a plain file
+		"dingtalk-chat":  true, // kept (in bundle)
+		"dingtalk-stale": true, // stale product skill
+		"dws-shared":     true, // legacy shared name is stale too
+		"other-skill":    true, // non-DWS, must survive
+	}
+	for name := range entries {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dest, name), 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, "dingtalk-stale")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dest, "README"), []byte("file"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+
+	// Non-ENOENT scan failure warns; ENOENT is silent.
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadDir, func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) { return nil, errors.New("scan boom") })
+	removeStaleMultiSkills(dest, keep, &out, &errOut)
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "过期 skill 扫描失败") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected scan warning, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	errOut.Reset()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadDir, func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) { return nil, os.ErrNotExist })
+	removeStaleMultiSkills(dest, keep, &out, &errOut)
+	if errOut.Len() != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("ENOENT scan must be silent, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadDir, os.ReadDir)
+
+	// The preview companion sees the same victims and skips files/kept/non-DWS.
+	victims := staleMultiSkillVictims(dest, keep)
+	wantVictims := []string{filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-stale"), filepath.Join(dest, "dws-shared")}
+	if len(victims) != len(wantVictims) {
+		t.Fatalf("staleMultiSkillVictims = %v, want %v", victims, wantVictims)
+	}
+
+	// HOME failure keeps every stale directory with a warning.
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return "", errors.New("home boom") })
+	errOut.Reset()
+	removeStaleMultiSkills(dest, keep, &out, &errOut)
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "无法解析 HOME，跳过删除") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected HOME warning, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	for name := range entries {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dest, name)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("entry %s must survive the HOME failure: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return t.TempDir(), nil })
+
+	// Backup failure keeps the stale directory with a warning.
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", errors.New("backup boom") })
+	errOut.Reset()
+	removeStaleMultiSkills(dest, keep, &out, &errOut)
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "过期 skill 清理失败（保留原目录") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected backup failure warning, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+	for _, stale := range wantVictims {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(stale); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("stale dir must survive the backup failure: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Success: both stale dirs are backed up and reported; the rest survives.
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(_, dir string) (string, error) { return filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "backup"), nil })
+	out.Reset()
+	removeStaleMultiSkills(dest, keep, &out, &errOut)
+	if count := strings.Count(out.String(), "已备份并清理过期 skill"); count != len(wantVictims) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %d stale cleanup lines, got %d (out=%q)", len(wantVictims), count, out.String())
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dest, "other-skill")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("non-DWS dir must survive: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-chat")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("bundle skill must survive: %v", err)
+	}
+}

internal/app/skill_setup_full_coverage_test.go

@@ -47,18 +47,16 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupHighLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 	oldTargets := skillSetupResolveTargets
 	oldList := skillSetupListMulti
 	oldFilter := skillSetupFilterMulti
-	oldConfirm := skillSetupConfirm
-	oldMono := skillSetupInstallMono
-	oldMulti := skillSetupInstallMulti
+	oldConfirm := skillSetupConfirmPlan
+	oldExecute := skillSetupExecutePlan
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		skillSetupResolveMode = oldMode
 		skillSetupResolveSource = oldSource
 		skillSetupResolveTargets = oldTargets
 		skillSetupListMulti = oldList
 		skillSetupFilterMulti = oldFilter
-		skillSetupConfirm = oldConfirm
-		skillSetupInstallMono = oldMono
-		skillSetupInstallMulti = oldMulti
+		skillSetupConfirmPlan = oldConfirm
+		skillSetupExecutePlan = oldExecute
 	})
 	fail := errors.New("failure")
 	skillSetupResolveMode = func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil }
@@ -83,17 +81,17 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupHighLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 	}
 	skillSetupFilterMulti = func(all, _, _ []string) ([]string, error) { return all, nil }
 	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
-	_ = cmd.Root().PersistentFlags().Set("dry-run", "true")
+	cmd.Flags().Bool("dry-run", true, "")
 	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	skillSetupConfirm = func(io.Writer, string, string, []string, []string) (bool, error) { return false, fail }
+	skillSetupConfirmPlan = func(io.Writer, *skillSetupPlan) (bool, error) { return false, fail }
 	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMono, false)
 	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("confirmation failure should propagate")
 	}
-	skillSetupConfirm = func(io.Writer, string, string, []string, []string) (bool, error) { return false, nil }
+	skillSetupConfirmPlan = func(io.Writer, *skillSetupPlan) (bool, error) { return false, nil }
 	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMono, false)
 	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -105,17 +103,17 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupHighLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 		t.Fatal("unknown resolved mode should fail")
 	}
 	skillSetupResolveMode = func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil }
-	skillSetupInstallMono = func(string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) { return 0, 0, fail }
+	skillSetupExecutePlan = func(*skillSetupPlan, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) { return 0, 0, fail }
 	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMono, true)
 	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("mono install failure should propagate")
 	}
-	skillSetupInstallMono = func(string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) { return 1, 0, nil }
+	skillSetupExecutePlan = func(*skillSetupPlan, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) { return 1, 0, nil }
 	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMono, true)
 	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	skillSetupInstallMulti = func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) { return 0, 0, fail }
+	skillSetupExecutePlan = func(*skillSetupPlan, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) { return 0, 0, fail }
 	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
 	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("multi install failure should propagate")
@@ -123,6 +121,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupHighLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 }
 
 func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMigratesLegacySharedAfterReplacement(t *testing.T) {
+	setTestHome(t, t.TempDir())
 	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{multiSharedSkill, "dingtalk-chat"})
 	home := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")
 	legacyPath := filepath.Join(home, legacyMultiSharedSkill)
@@ -143,6 +142,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMigratesLegacySharedAfterReplacement(t *
 		[]string{home},
 		&out,
 		&errOut,
+		true,
 	)
 	if err != nil || installed != 2 || skipped != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("install = %d/%d, err=%v, stderr=%s", installed, skipped, err, errOut.String())
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMigratesLegacySharedAfterReplacement(t *
 	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(customPath, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("unrelated custom skill changed: %v", err)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), "已清理已退役 Skill 残留") {
+	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), "已备份并清理过期 skill") {
 		t.Fatalf("legacy cleanup was not reported: %s", out.String())
 	}
 
@@ -178,12 +178,17 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMigratesLegacySharedAfterReplacement(t *
 			[]string{failureHome},
 			&failureOut,
 			&failureErr,
+			true,
 		)
 		if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 1 {
 			t.Fatalf("failed replacement = %d/%d, err=%v", installed, skipped, err)
 		}
-		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(failureLegacy, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("failed replacement removed legacy shared skill: %v", err)
+		got, readErr := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(failureLegacy, "SKILL.md"))
+		if readErr != nil || string(got) != "legacy\n" {
+			t.Fatalf("failed replacement changed the live legacy copy: %q, err=%v", got, readErr)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(failureErr.String(), "Skill staging 失败，保留原集合") {
+			t.Fatalf("failed replacement did not report preserved live set: %s", failureErr.String())
 		}
 	})
 }
@@ -226,6 +231,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupLowLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 	oldReadDir, oldStat := skillSetupReadDir, skillSetupStat
 	oldExecutable, oldGetwd, oldHome := skillSetupExecutable, skillSetupGetwd, skillSetupUserHomeDir
 	oldRemove, oldMkdir := skillSetupRemoveAll, skillSetupMkdirAll
+	oldBackup := skillSetupBackupAndRemove
 	oldCopyDir, oldWalk, oldRel := skillSetupCopyDir, skillSetupWalk, skillSetupRel
 	oldMkdirTemp, oldRename := skillSetupMkdirTemp, skillSetupRename
 	oldReadlink, oldOpen, oldOpenFile, oldCopy := skillSetupReadlink, skillSetupOpen, skillSetupOpenFile, skillSetupCopy
@@ -234,6 +240,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupLowLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 		skillSetupReadDir, skillSetupStat = oldReadDir, oldStat
 		skillSetupExecutable, skillSetupGetwd, skillSetupUserHomeDir = oldExecutable, oldGetwd, oldHome
 		skillSetupRemoveAll, skillSetupMkdirAll = oldRemove, oldMkdir
+		skillSetupBackupAndRemove = oldBackup
 		skillSetupCopyDir, skillSetupWalk, skillSetupRel = oldCopyDir, oldWalk, oldRel
 		skillSetupMkdirTemp, skillSetupRename = oldMkdirTemp, oldRename
 		skillSetupReadlink, skillSetupOpen, skillSetupOpenFile, skillSetupCopy = oldReadlink, oldOpen, oldOpenFile, oldCopy
@@ -246,7 +253,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupLowLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 		t.Fatal("interactive mode failure should propagate")
 	}
 	skillSetupRunForm = func(*huh.Form) error { return nil }
-	if got, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("", false, io.Discard); err != nil || got != skillSetupModeMono {
+	if got, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("", false, io.Discard); err != nil || got != skillSetupModeMulti {
 		t.Fatalf("interactive default choice = %q, %v", got, err)
 	}
 
@@ -305,23 +312,24 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupLowLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 	skillSetupReadDir, skillSetupStat = oldReadDir, oldStat
 	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
 	skillSetupRunForm = func(*huh.Form) error { return fail }
-	if _, err := confirmSkillSetup(&out, skillSetupModeMulti, "src", []string{monoDest}, []string{"dingtalk-doc"}); err == nil {
+	if _, err := confirmSkillSetup(&out, skillSetupModeMulti, "src", []string{monoDest}, []string{"dingtalk-doc"}, false); err == nil {
 		t.Fatal("confirmation form failure should propagate")
 	}
 	skillSetupRunForm = func(*huh.Form) error { return nil }
-	if ok, err := confirmSkillSetup(&out, skillSetupModeMono, "src", []string{monoDest}, nil); err != nil || ok {
+	if ok, err := confirmSkillSetup(&out, skillSetupModeMono, "src", []string{monoDest}, nil, false); err != nil || ok {
 		t.Fatalf("EOF confirmation = %v, %v", ok, err)
 	}
-	skillSetupRemoveAll = func(string) error { return fail }
+	skillSetupUserHomeDir = func() (string, error) { return t.TempDir(), nil }
+	skillSetupBackupAndRemove = func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", fail }
 	cleanupMutualExclusion(monoDest, skillSetupModeMono, &out, &errOut)
 
 	skillSetupCopyDir = func(string, string) error { return fail }
-	skillSetupRemoveAll = func(string) error { return fail }
+	skillSetupBackupAndRemove = func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", fail }
 	_, skipped, _ := installSkillToHomes("src", []string{"a"}, &out, &errOut)
 	if skipped != 1 {
-		t.Fatal("mono remove failure not skipped")
+		t.Fatal("mono backup failure not skipped")
 	}
-	skillSetupRemoveAll = func(string) error { return nil }
+	skillSetupBackupAndRemove = func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", nil }
 	skillSetupMkdirAll = func(string, os.FileMode) error { return fail }
 	_, skipped, _ = installSkillToHomes("src", []string{"b"}, &out, &errOut)
 	if skipped != 1 {
@@ -334,18 +342,18 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupLowLevelRemainingCoverage(t *testing.T)
 	}
 
 	skillSetupMkdirAll = func(string, os.FileMode) error { return fail }
-	_, skipped, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes("src", []string{"one", "two"}, []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, &out, &errOut)
+	_, skipped, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes("src", []string{"one", "two"}, []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, &out, &errOut, true)
 	if skipped != 2 {
 		t.Fatal("multi mkdir failure count mismatch")
 	}
 	skillSetupMkdirAll = func(string, os.FileMode) error { return nil }
-	skillSetupRemoveAll = func(string) error { return fail }
-	_, skipped, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes("src", []string{"one"}, []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, &out, &errOut)
+	skillSetupBackupAndRemove = func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", fail }
+	_, skipped, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes("src", []string{"one"}, []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, &out, &errOut, true)
 	if skipped != 1 {
-		t.Fatal("multi remove failure count mismatch")
+		t.Fatal("multi backup failure count mismatch")
 	}
-	skillSetupRemoveAll = func(string) error { return nil }
-	_, skipped, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes("src", []string{"one"}, []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, &out, &errOut)
+	skillSetupBackupAndRemove = func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", nil }
+	_, skipped, _ = installMultiSkillToHomes("src", []string{"one"}, []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, &out, &errOut, true)
 	if skipped != 1 {
 		t.Fatal("multi copy failure count mismatch")
 	}
@@ -516,15 +524,15 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupEventMigrationFailureBranches(t *testing
 	})
 
 	t.Run("ordinary and prerequisite install errors", func(t *testing.T) {
-		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupInstallMulti, func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupInstallMulti, func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer, bool) (int, int, error) {
 			return 0, 0, fail
 		})
 		migration := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "migration")
 		ordinary := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "ordinary")
-		if _, _, err := installMultiSkillsWithEventMigration("src", []string{multiEventSkill}, []string{migration, ordinary}, []string{migration}, io.Discard, io.Discard); !errors.Is(err, fail) {
+		if _, _, err := installMultiSkillsWithEventMigration("src", []string{multiEventSkill}, []string{migration, ordinary}, []string{migration}, true, io.Discard, io.Discard); !errors.Is(err, fail) {
 			t.Fatalf("ordinary install failure = %v", err)
 		}
-		if _, _, err := installMultiSkillsWithEventMigration("src", []string{multiEventSkill, multiMiscSkill, multiSharedSkill}, []string{migration}, []string{migration}, io.Discard, io.Discard); !errors.Is(err, fail) {
+		if _, _, err := installMultiSkillsWithEventMigration("src", []string{multiEventSkill, multiMiscSkill, multiSharedSkill}, []string{migration}, []string{migration}, true, io.Discard, io.Discard); !errors.Is(err, fail) {
 			t.Fatalf("prerequisite install failure = %v", err)
 		}
 	})

internal/app/skill_setup_plan_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+	"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
+)
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPlanPreviewDeclineAndExecutionMatch(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	dest := filepath.Join(home, ".claude", "skills")
+	source := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"})
+	for _, name := range []string{"dws", "dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-stale"} {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dest, name), 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, "dingtalk-stale")
+
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveMode, func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveSource, func(string, string) (string, func(), error) { return source, func() {}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveTargets, func(string, string) ([]string, error) { return []string{dest}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupListMulti, func(string) ([]string, error) {
+		return []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupFilterMulti, filterMultiSkillNames)
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupInteractive, func() bool { return true })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRunForm, func(*huh.Form) error { return nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteState, func(string, skillstate.State) error { return nil })
+
+	wantBackups := []string{
+		filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-a"),
+		filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-stale"),
+		filepath.Join(dest, "dws"),
+	}
+
+	// Dry-run must disclose every exact path and perform no backup or copy.
+	backupCalls, copyCalls := []string{}, 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(_ string, path string) (string, error) {
+		backupCalls = append(backupCalls, path)
+		return "backup", nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error { copyCalls++; return nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteFile, func(string, []byte, os.FileMode) error { return nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupPublishRename, func(src, dest string) error {
+		if err := os.RemoveAll(dest); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return os.Rename(src, dest)
+	})
+	dryRunCmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, false)
+	var dryRunOut bytes.Buffer
+	dryRunCmd.SetOut(&dryRunOut)
+	if err := dryRunCmd.Root().PersistentFlags().Set("dry-run", "true"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := dryRunCmd.RunE(dryRunCmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, path := range wantBackups {
+		if strings.Count(dryRunOut.String(), path) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("dry-run path %s count != 1:\n%s", path, dryRunOut.String())
+		}
+	}
+	if len(backupCalls) != 0 || copyCalls != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("dry-run mutated backup=%v copy=%d", backupCalls, copyCalls)
+	}
+
+	// The real confirmation renderer discloses the same paths. Its default
+	// negative answer must leave backup and copy at zero calls.
+	declineCmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, false)
+	var declineOut bytes.Buffer
+	declineCmd.SetOut(&declineOut)
+	if err := declineCmd.RunE(declineCmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, path := range wantBackups {
+		if strings.Count(declineOut.String(), path) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("confirmation path %s count != 1:\n%s", path, declineOut.String())
+		}
+	}
+	if len(backupCalls) != 0 || copyCalls != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("declined confirmation mutated backup=%v copy=%d", backupCalls, copyCalls)
+	}
+
+	// Explicit confirmation executes exactly the paths rendered from the plan.
+	var confirmedPlan *skillSetupPlan
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupConfirmPlan, func(out io.Writer, plan *skillSetupPlan) (bool, error) {
+		confirmedPlan = plan
+		renderSkillSetupPlan(out, plan)
+		return true, nil
+	})
+	confirmCmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, false)
+	if err := confirmCmd.RunE(confirmCmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var planned []string
+	for _, target := range confirmedPlan.Targets {
+		for _, backup := range target.Backups {
+			planned = append(planned, backup.Path)
+		}
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(planned, wantBackups) || !reflect.DeepEqual(backupCalls, wantBackups) {
+		t.Fatalf("planned=%v executed=%v want=%v", planned, backupCalls, wantBackups)
+	}
+	if copyCalls != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("copy calls = %d, want 2", copyCalls)
+	}
+
+	// A filtered multi plan replaces only selected same-name skills and leaves
+	// unselected siblings out of the backup set.
+	filtered, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMulti, source, []string{dest}, []string{"dingtalk-a"}, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var filteredPaths []string
+	for _, backup := range filtered.Targets[0].Backups {
+		filteredPaths = append(filteredPaths, backup.Path)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(filteredPaths, []string{filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-a"), filepath.Join(dest, "dws")}) {
+		t.Fatalf("filtered backups = %v", filteredPaths)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMonoPlanIncludesSameNameTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".agents", "skills", "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dest, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	plan, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMono, "source", []string{dest}, nil, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(plan.Targets) != 1 || len(plan.Targets[0].Backups) != 1 || plan.Targets[0].Backups[0].Path != dest || plan.Targets[0].Backups[0].Reason != skillSetupBackupReplace {
+		t.Fatalf("mono plan = %#v", plan)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupGenericCleanupDerivesHomeFromConcreteTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	dest := filepath.Join(home, ".codex", "skills")
+	genericMono := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills", "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(genericMono, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) {
+		return "", errors.New("transient HOME failure")
+	})
+
+	plan, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMulti, "source", []string{dest}, []string{"dingtalk-chat"}, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(plan.Targets) != 2 || !plan.Targets[1].CleanupOnly || plan.Targets[1].Destination != filepath.Dir(genericMono) {
+		t.Fatalf("generic cleanup target = %#v", plan.Targets)
+	}
+	if len(plan.Targets[1].Backups) != 1 || plan.Targets[1].Backups[0].Path != genericMono {
+		t.Fatalf("generic cleanup backups = %#v", plan.Targets[1].Backups)
+	}
+	var preview bytes.Buffer
+	renderSkillSetupPlan(&preview, plan)
+	if !strings.Contains(preview.String(), "仅迁移旧的通用 DWS 副本") {
+		t.Fatalf("generic cleanup preview missing: %s", preview.String())
+	}
+
+	t.Run("managed multi and scan failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		managedDir := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills", "dingtalk-chat")
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(managedDir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		target, targetErr := genericSkillCleanupTarget([]string{dest}, map[string]bool{"dingtalk-chat": true})
+		if targetErr != nil || target == nil || len(target.Backups) != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("managed generic cleanup = %#v, %v", target, targetErr)
+		}
+		failure := errors.New("generic scan failure")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadDir, func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) { return nil, failure })
+		if _, targetErr := genericSkillCleanupTarget([]string{dest}, nil); !errors.Is(targetErr, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("generic scan error = %v", targetErr)
+		}
+		if _, planErr := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMulti, "source", []string{dest}, []string{"dingtalk-chat"}, true); !errors.Is(planErr, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("generic cleanup plan error = %v", planErr)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupCleanupOnlyExecutionBranches(t *testing.T) {
+	failure := errors.New("cleanup failure")
+	cleanup := skillSetupTargetPlan{Destination: "generic", CleanupOnly: true, Backups: []skillSetupBackup{{Path: "old"}}}
+
+	t.Run("prior skip suppresses cleanup", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return t.TempDir(), nil })
+		plan := &skillSetupPlan{Mode: skillSetupModeMono, Source: "missing", Targets: []skillSetupTargetPlan{{Destination: "install"}, cleanup}}
+		installed, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(plan, io.Discard, io.Discard)
+		if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("cleanup after skip = (%d, %d, %v)", installed, skipped, err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("home failure keeps generic copy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return "", failure })
+		var stderr bytes.Buffer
+		_, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(&skillSetupPlan{Mode: skillSetupModeMono, Targets: []skillSetupTargetPlan{cleanup}}, io.Discard, &stderr)
+		if err != nil || skipped != 1 || !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "保留通用 Skill 副本") {
+			t.Fatalf("cleanup HOME failure = (%d, %v, %q)", skipped, err, stderr.String())
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("backup failure is reported", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return t.TempDir(), nil })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", failure })
+		var stderr bytes.Buffer
+		_, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(&skillSetupPlan{Mode: skillSetupModeMono, Targets: []skillSetupTargetPlan{cleanup}}, io.Discard, &stderr)
+		if err != nil || skipped != 1 || !strings.Contains(stderr.String(), "迁移失败") {
+			t.Fatalf("cleanup backup failure = (%d, %v, %q)", skipped, err, stderr.String())
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPlanDeduplicatesAndFailsClosed(t *testing.T) {
+	dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dest, "dws"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// "dws" is synthetic but makes the mutual-exclusion target and selected
+	// same-name target overlap, pinning path deduplication in the plan itself.
+	plan, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMulti, "source", []string{dest}, []string{"dws"}, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(plan.Targets[0].Backups) != 1 || plan.Targets[0].Backups[0].Path != filepath.Join(dest, "dws") {
+		t.Fatalf("deduplicated plan = %#v", plan)
+	}
+
+	failure := errors.New("scan denied")
+	monoDest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "agent", "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(monoDest), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, failure })
+	if _, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMono, "source", []string{monoDest}, nil, false); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "\u68c0\u67e5\u5c06\u88ab\u66ff\u6362") {
+		t.Fatalf("replacement stat error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, os.ErrNotExist })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadDir, func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) { return nil, failure })
+	if _, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(skillSetupModeMulti, "source", []string{dest}, []string{"dingtalk-a"}, false); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "\u626b\u63cf\u8fc7\u671f") {
+		t.Fatalf("stale scan error = %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupInstallWrappersFailOnPlanErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("multi mono-leftover stat failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		failure := errors.New("stat denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
+			return nil, failure
+		})
+
+		installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(
+			"source",
+			[]string{"dingtalk-a"},
+			[]string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")},
+			io.Discard,
+			io.Discard,
+			true,
+		)
+		if installed != 0 || skipped != 1 || !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("installMultiSkillToHomes = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 1, %v)", installed, skipped, err, failure)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("mono multi-leftover scan failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		failure := errors.New("scan denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadDir, func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) {
+			return nil, failure
+		})
+
+		installed, skipped, err := installSkillToHomes(
+			"source",
+			[]string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills", "dws")},
+			io.Discard,
+			io.Discard,
+		)
+		if installed != 0 || skipped != 1 || !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("installSkillToHomes = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 1, %v)", installed, skipped, err, failure)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMergedEventPlanEdges(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("legacy shared stat failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")
+		failure := errors.New("legacy stat denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(path string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
+			if path == filepath.Join(dest, legacySharedSkill) {
+				return nil, failure
+			}
+			return nil, os.ErrNotExist
+		})
+
+		_, err := buildSkillSetupPlan(
+			skillSetupModeMulti,
+			"source",
+			[]string{dest},
+			[]string{multiSharedSkill},
+			true,
+		)
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("legacy shared stat error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("migration plan retains unrelated backups", func(t *testing.T) {
+		dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")
+		unrelated := filepath.Join(dest, "dws")
+		plan := &skillSetupPlan{Targets: []skillSetupTargetPlan{
+			{
+				Destination: dest,
+				Backups: []skillSetupBackup{
+					{Path: filepath.Join(dest, multiEventSkill)},
+					{Path: filepath.Join(dest, multiMiscSkill)},
+					{Path: unrelated},
+				},
+			},
+		}}
+
+		configureEventMiscMigrationPlan(plan, []string{dest}, true)
+		if len(plan.Targets[0].Backups) != 1 || plan.Targets[0].Backups[0].Path != unrelated {
+			t.Fatalf("migration backups = %#v, want only %s", plan.Targets[0].Backups, unrelated)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("no migration targets delegates filtered install", func(t *testing.T) {
+		called := false
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupInstallMulti, func(_ string, _ []string, _ []string, _ io.Writer, _ io.Writer, filtered bool) (int, int, error) {
+			called = true
+			if !filtered {
+				t.Fatal("filtered flag was not forwarded")
+			}
+			return 1, 2, nil
+		})
+
+		installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillsWithEventMigration(
+			"source", []string{"dingtalk-a"}, []string{"dest"}, nil, true, io.Discard, io.Discard,
+		)
+		if err != nil || installed != 1 || skipped != 2 || !called {
+			t.Fatalf("delegated install = (%d, %d, %v), called=%v", installed, skipped, err, called)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("migration cleanup scan failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		failure := errors.New("cleanup stat denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
+			return nil, failure
+		})
+		dest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")
+
+		installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillsWithEventMigration(
+			"source",
+			[]string{multiEventSkill, multiSharedSkill},
+			[]string{dest},
+			[]string{dest},
+			true,
+			io.Discard,
+			io.Discard,
+		)
+		if installed != 0 || skipped != 2 || !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("cleanup scan failure = (%d, %d, %v), want (0, 2, %v)", installed, skipped, err, failure)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupEmptyCleanupPlansAreNoOps(t *testing.T) {
+	dest := t.TempDir()
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	if err := cleanupMutualExclusion(dest, skillSetupModeMulti, &out, &errOut); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := removeStaleMultiSkills(dest, []string{"dingtalk-a"}, &out, &errOut); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if out.Len() != 0 || errOut.Len() != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("empty cleanup output = %q / %q", out.String(), errOut.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupSameNameBackupFailureSkipsTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	dest := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	plan := &skillSetupPlan{
+		Mode:            skillSetupModeMulti,
+		Source:          "source",
+		MultiSkillNames: []string{"dingtalk-a"},
+		Targets: []skillSetupTargetPlan{{
+			Destination: dest,
+			Backups: []skillSetupBackup{{
+				Path:   filepath.Join(dest, "dingtalk-a"),
+				Reason: skillSetupBackupReplace,
+			}},
+		}},
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(string, string) (string, error) {
+		return "", errors.New("backup denied")
+	})
+	copyCalls := 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error { copyCalls++; return nil })
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := executeSkillSetupPlan(plan, &out, &errOut)
+	if err != nil || installed != 0 || skipped != 1 || copyCalls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("same-name failure = (%d, %d, %v), copy=%d", installed, skipped, err, copyCalls)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "Skill 备份失败，已执行回滚，跳过整个 Agent 目标") {
+		t.Fatalf("same-name warning = %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+}

internal/app/skill_setup_state_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+package app
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPersistsOfficialSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveMode, func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveSource, func(string, string) (string, func(), error) { return "source", func() {}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveTargets, func(string, string) ([]string, error) { return []string{filepath.Join(home, "skills")}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupListMulti, func(string) ([]string, error) {
+		return []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-shared"}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupFilterMulti, filterMultiSkillNames)
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBuildProvenance, func(name, _ string, version, source string) (skillprovenance.Record, error) {
+		return skillprovenance.Record{Name: name, Version: version, Source: source, Digest: "sha256:test", DigestScope: skillprovenance.DigestScope}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadState, func(string) (*skillstate.State, bool, error) {
+		return &skillstate.State{ManagedSkills: []skillprovenance.Record{{Name: "dingtalk-existing"}}}, true, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupExecutePlan, func(plan *skillSetupPlan, _ io.Writer, _ io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+		if plan.Mode == skillSetupModeMono {
+			return 1, 0, nil
+		}
+		return 2, 0, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupNow, func() time.Time {
+		return time.Date(2026, 8, 10, 1, 2, 3, 0, time.UTC)
+	})
+
+	var saved skillstate.State
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteState, func(_ string, state skillstate.State) error {
+		saved = state
+		return nil
+	})
+	cmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+	if err := cmd.Flags().Set("skill", "a"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(saved.OfficialSkills, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-shared"}) ||
+		!reflect.DeepEqual(saved.UpdatedSkills, []string{"dingtalk-shared", "dingtalk-a"}) ||
+		!reflect.DeepEqual(skillprovenance.Names(saved.ManagedSkills), map[string]bool{"dingtalk-a": true, "dingtalk-existing": true, "dingtalk-shared": true}) {
+		t.Fatalf("saved = %#v", saved)
+	}
+
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteState, func(string, skillstate.State) error { return errors.New("denied") })
+	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "信息快照失败") {
+		t.Fatalf("write-state error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveState, func(string) error { return errors.New("denied") })
+	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMono, true)
+	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "清理 multi") {
+		t.Fatalf("remove-state error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupRemoveState, func(string) error { return nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return "", errors.New("no home") })
+	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMono, true)
+	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "无法解析 HOME") {
+		t.Fatalf("home error = %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupFilteredUnreadableStateStopsBeforeInstall(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveMode, func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveSource, func(string, string) (string, func(), error) { return "source", func() {}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveTargets, func(string, string) ([]string, error) { return []string{filepath.Join(home, "skills")}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupListMulti, func(string) ([]string, error) { return []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupFilterMulti, filterMultiSkillNames)
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBuildProvenance, func(name, _ string, version, source string) (skillprovenance.Record, error) {
+		return skillprovenance.Record{Name: name, Version: version, Source: source, Digest: "sha256:test", DigestScope: skillprovenance.DigestScope}, nil
+	})
+	stateErr := errors.New("state denied")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupReadState, func(string) (*skillstate.State, bool, error) { return nil, false, stateErr })
+	executed := 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupExecutePlan, func(*skillSetupPlan, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+		executed++
+		return 1, 0, nil
+	})
+
+	cmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+	if err := cmd.Flags().Set("skill", "a"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil)
+	if !errors.Is(err, stateErr) || executed != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("filtered setup = err %v, executed %d", err, executed)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupProvenancePreflightFailures(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name       string
+		filtered   bool
+		buildError error
+		homeError  error
+	}{
+		{name: "digest", buildError: errors.New("digest denied")},
+		{name: "filtered home", filtered: true, homeError: errors.New("home denied")},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			home := t.TempDir()
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveMode, func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveSource, func(string, string) (string, func(), error) { return "source", func() {}, nil })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveTargets, func(string, string) ([]string, error) { return []string{filepath.Join(home, "skills")}, nil })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupListMulti, func(string) ([]string, error) { return []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"}, nil })
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupFilterMulti, filterMultiSkillNames)
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBuildProvenance, func(name, _ string, version, source string) (skillprovenance.Record, error) {
+				if tc.buildError != nil {
+					return skillprovenance.Record{}, tc.buildError
+				}
+				return skillprovenance.Record{Name: name, Version: version, Source: source, Digest: "sha256:test", DigestScope: skillprovenance.DigestScope}, nil
+			})
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) {
+				if tc.homeError != nil {
+					return "", tc.homeError
+				}
+				return home, nil
+			})
+			executed := 0
+			testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupExecutePlan, func(*skillSetupPlan, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+				executed++
+				return 1, 0, nil
+			})
+
+			cmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+			if tc.filtered {
+				if err := cmd.Flags().Set("skill", "a"); err != nil {
+					t.Fatal(err)
+				}
+			}
+			err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil)
+			if err == nil || executed != 0 {
+				t.Fatalf("preflight = err %v, executed %d", err, executed)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupPartialInstallDoesNotWriteState(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveMode, func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveSource, func(string, string) (string, func(), error) { return "source", func() {}, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupResolveTargets, func(string, string) ([]string, error) {
+		return []string{filepath.Join(home, "skills")}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupListMulti, func(string) ([]string, error) {
+		return []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-shared"}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupFilterMulti, filterMultiSkillNames)
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBuildProvenance, func(name, _ string, version, source string) (skillprovenance.Record, error) {
+		return skillprovenance.Record{Name: name, Version: version, Source: source, Digest: "sha256:test", DigestScope: skillprovenance.DigestScope}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupExecutePlan, func(*skillSetupPlan, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+		return 2, 1, nil
+	})
+
+	writes := 0
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteState, func(string, skillstate.State) error {
+		writes++
+		return nil
+	})
+	cmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+	err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "Skill 安装不完整") || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "skipped=1") {
+		t.Fatalf("partial setup error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if writes != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("partial setup wrote %d complete state snapshot(s)", writes)
+	}
+}

internal/app/skill_setup_test.go

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
 )
 
 func TestSkillSetupCommandRegistered(t *testing.T) {
@@ -25,6 +29,189 @@ func TestSkillSetupCommandRegistered(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupExamplesDoNotBypassConfirmation guards
+// the P1 review finding: copyable examples must preview or enter the normal
+// confirmation path, never carry the scripting-only confirmation bypass.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupExamplesDoNotBypassConfirmation(t *testing.T) {
+	cmd := newSkillSetupCommand()
+	var examples []string
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(cmd.Example, "\n") {
+		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
+		if line == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		examples = append(examples, line)
+		if strings.Contains(line, "--yes") {
+			t.Fatalf("skill setup example bypasses confirmation: %q", line)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(examples) != 2 || !strings.Contains(examples[0], "--dry-run") || strings.Contains(examples[1], "--dry-run") {
+		t.Fatalf("examples must show preview then interactive confirmation: %v", examples)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupHelpDescribesFullUpgradeRefresh(t *testing.T) {
+	help := newSkillSetupCommand().Long
+	for _, want := range []string{"每次 dws upgrade", "全量覆盖预制 skill", "本地删除", "会在升级时恢复"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(help, want) {
+			t.Fatalf("skill setup help missing full-refresh contract %q:\n%s", want, help)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, stale := range []string{"跳过本地已删除", "--force 恢复全量"} {
+		if strings.Contains(help, stale) {
+			t.Fatalf("skill setup help still advertises retired incremental behavior %q:\n%s", stale, help)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupDeclinedConfirmationNeverRemoves verifies
+// the destructive half of the setup contract: when the user declines the
+// confirmation prompt, nothing is installed and nothing is removed (neither
+// the opposite-mode leftovers nor stale skills). Confirming must then run the
+// exact cleanup previewed earlier: leftovers are backed up to
+// ~/.dws/skill-backups/ before they disappear.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupDeclinedConfirmationNeverRemoves(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, home)
+
+	multiSrc := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-aitable", "dingtalk-calendar"})
+	agentHome := filepath.Join(home, ".claude", "skills")
+
+	// Opposite-mode leftover (mono dws/) plus a stale multi skill the full
+	// install would clean; both must survive a declined confirmation.
+	for _, leftover := range []string{filepath.Join(agentHome, "dws"), filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-stale")} {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(leftover, 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(leftover, "SKILL.md"), []byte("keep-me"), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, "dingtalk-stale")
+
+	oldConfirm := skillSetupConfirmPlan
+	t.Cleanup(func() { skillSetupConfirmPlan = oldConfirm })
+
+	// Declined confirmation: nothing may change on disk.
+	skillSetupConfirmPlan = func(io.Writer, *skillSetupPlan) (bool, error) { return false, nil }
+	cmd := newSkillSetupCommand()
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	cmd.SetOut(&out)
+	cmd.SetErr(&errOut)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--mode", "multi", "--target", "claude", "--source", multiSrc})
+	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("declined setup should succeed as a no-op: %v (%s)", err, errOut.String())
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), "已取消") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected cancellation notice, got %q", out.String())
+	}
+	for _, survivor := range []string{filepath.Join(agentHome, "dws"), filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-stale")} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(survivor, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("declined confirmation removed %s: %v", survivor, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-aitable")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("declined confirmation must not install either: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Confirmed: the previewed victims are backed up + removed, bundle skills land.
+	skillSetupConfirmPlan = func(io.Writer, *skillSetupPlan) (bool, error) { return true, nil }
+	out.Reset()
+	errOut.Reset()
+	cmd = newSkillSetupCommand()
+	cmd.SetOut(&out)
+	cmd.SetErr(&errOut)
+	cmd.SetArgs([]string{"--mode", "multi", "--target", "claude", "--source", multiSrc})
+	if err := cmd.Execute(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("confirmed setup failed: %v (%s)", err, errOut.String())
+	}
+	for _, gone := range []string{filepath.Join(agentHome, "dws"), filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-stale")} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(gone); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Fatalf("confirmed setup should remove %s (stat err=%v)", gone, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, n := range []string{"dingtalk-aitable", "dingtalk-calendar"} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentHome, n, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("confirmed setup missing %s: %v", n, err)
+		}
+	}
+	// Every removal went through the reversible backup path, not a hard delete.
+	backupRoot := filepath.Join(home, ".dws", "skill-backups")
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(backupRoot)
+	if err != nil || len(entries) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("confirmed setup must preserve victims under %s (entries=%v, err=%v)", backupRoot, entries, err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(out.String(), "已备份并清理对面模式残留") || !strings.Contains(out.String(), "已备份并清理过期 skill") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected backup-and-remove log lines, got %q", out.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupNonInteractiveRequiresYes pins the real
+// non-TTY safety boundary: an explicit mode alone is not consent to move
+// directories. The same command with --yes performs the previewed backup and
+// installation.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupNonInteractiveRequiresYes(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, home)
+	oldInteractive := skillSetupInteractive
+	skillSetupInteractive = func() bool { return false }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { skillSetupInteractive = oldInteractive })
+
+	multiSrc := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{"dingtalk-aitable"})
+	agentHome := filepath.Join(home, ".claude", "skills")
+	mono := filepath.Join(agentHome, "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(mono, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(mono, "SKILL.md"), []byte("keep-me"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	run := func(extra ...string) error {
+		cmd := newSkillSetupCommand()
+		cmd.SetOut(io.Discard)
+		cmd.SetErr(io.Discard)
+		args := []string{"--mode", "multi", "--target", "claude", "--source", multiSrc}
+		cmd.SetArgs(append(args, extra...))
+		return cmd.Execute()
+	}
+
+	if err := run(); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "--yes") {
+		t.Fatalf("non-interactive setup error = %v, want explicit --yes requirement", err)
+	}
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(mono, "SKILL.md")); err != nil || string(data) != "keep-me" {
+		t.Fatalf("unconfirmed setup changed mono (data=%q, err=%v)", string(data), err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-aitable")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("unconfirmed setup installed multi, stat err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(home, ".dws", "skill-backups")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("unconfirmed setup created backup state, stat err=%v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := run("--yes"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("explicitly confirmed setup failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(mono); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("confirmed setup kept mono, stat err=%v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-aitable", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("confirmed setup did not install multi: %v", err)
+	}
+	backupFound := false
+	_ = filepath.Walk(filepath.Join(home, ".dws", "skill-backups"), func(path string, info os.FileInfo, walkErr error) error {
+		if walkErr == nil && info != nil && !info.IsDir() && info.Name() == "SKILL.md" {
+			if data, readErr := os.ReadFile(path); readErr == nil && string(data) == "keep-me" {
+				backupFound = true
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if !backupFound {
+		t.Fatal("confirmed setup did not back up mono")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestResolveSkillSetupModeFlagDirect(t *testing.T) {
 	got, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("mono", true, &bytes.Buffer{})
 	if err != nil || got != skillSetupModeMono {
@@ -39,14 +226,14 @@ func TestResolveSkillSetupModeFlagDirect(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestResolveSkillSetupModeNonInteractiveDefaultsMono(t *testing.T) {
+func TestResolveSkillSetupModeNonInteractiveDefaultsMulti(t *testing.T) {
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 	got, err := resolveSkillSetupMode("", true, &buf)
-	if err != nil || got != skillSetupModeMono {
-		t.Fatalf("non-interactive empty mode should default to mono, got %q err=%v", got, err)
+	if err != nil || got != skillSetupModeMulti {
+		t.Fatalf("non-interactive empty mode should default to multi, got %q err=%v", got, err)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(buf.String(), "mono") {
-		t.Fatalf("expected output to mention mono fallback, got %q", buf.String())
+	if !strings.Contains(buf.String(), "multi") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected output to mention multi fallback, got %q", buf.String())
 	}
 }
 
@@ -143,7 +330,51 @@ func TestResolveSkillSetupTargetsMultiOmitsDwsTail(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestInstallSkillToHomesEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageResolveSkillSetupTargetsPrefersSpecificAgentRoot(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupAgentHomes, []string{".agents/skills", ".codex/skills"})
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(home, ".codex"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	got, err := resolveSkillSetupTargets("all", skillSetupModeMulti)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	want := filepath.Join(home, ".codex", "skills")
+	if len(got) != 1 || filepath.Clean(got[0]) != filepath.Clean(want) {
+		t.Fatalf("targets = %v, want [%s]", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageResolveSkillSetupTargetsDetectsZCode(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(home, ".zcode"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	got, err := resolveSkillSetupTargets("all", skillSetupModeMulti)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	want := filepath.Join(home, ".zcode", "skills")
+	if len(got) != 1 || filepath.Clean(got[0]) != filepath.Clean(want) {
+		t.Fatalf("targets = %v, want [%s]", got, want)
+	}
+
+	explicit, err := resolveSkillSetupTargets("zcode", skillSetupModeMono)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	wantMono := filepath.Join(want, "dws")
+	if len(explicit) != 1 || filepath.Clean(explicit[0]) != filepath.Clean(wantMono) {
+		t.Fatalf("explicit zcode targets = %v, want [%s]", explicit, wantMono)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageInstallSkillToHomesEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
 	src := t.TempDir()
 	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(src, "SKILL.md"), []byte("# test"), 0o644); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -205,7 +436,7 @@ func writeMultiSkillSource(t *testing.T, names []string) string {
 	return root
 }
 
-func TestInstallMultiSkillToHomes(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageInstallMultiSkillToHomes(t *testing.T) {
 	names := []string{"dingtalk-aitable", "dingtalk-calendar", "dingtalk-doc"}
 	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, names)
 
@@ -221,7 +452,7 @@ func TestInstallMultiSkillToHomes(t *testing.T) {
 	dst2 := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".cursor", "skills")
 
 	var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
-	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, got, []string{dst1, dst2}, &stdout, &stderr)
+	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, got, []string{dst1, dst2}, &stdout, &stderr, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("installMultiSkillToHomes err: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -245,12 +476,14 @@ func TestInstallMultiSkillToHomes(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestSkillSetupMutualExclusion(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMutualExclusion(t *testing.T) {
 	names := []string{"dingtalk-aitable", "dingtalk-calendar"}
 	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, names)
 
 	// Simulate a pre-existing mono install under <agent-home>/dws/
-	agentHome := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".claude", "skills")
+	homeRoot := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, homeRoot)
+	agentHome := filepath.Join(homeRoot, ".claude", "skills")
 	monoLeftover := filepath.Join(agentHome, "dws")
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(monoLeftover, "references"), 0o755); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -265,13 +498,16 @@ func TestSkillSetupMutualExclusion(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Confirm mutualExclusionVictims sees the leftover
-	victims := mutualExclusionVictims(agentHome, skillSetupModeMulti)
+	victims, vErr := mutualExclusionVictims(agentHome, skillSetupModeMulti)
+	if vErr != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("mutualExclusionVictims err: %v", vErr)
+	}
 	if len(victims) != 1 || victims[0] != monoLeftover {
 		t.Fatalf("expected victims=[%s], got %v", monoLeftover, victims)
 	}
 
 	var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
-	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, names, []string{agentHome}, &stdout, &stderr)
+	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, names, []string{agentHome}, &stdout, &stderr, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("install err: %v (stderr=%s)", err, stderr.String())
 	}
@@ -290,7 +526,7 @@ func TestSkillSetupMutualExclusion(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	// the cleanup line should appear in stdout (best-effort observability)
-	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "已清理对面模式残留") {
+	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "已备份并清理对面模式残留") {
 		t.Fatalf("expected cleanup log line, got stdout=%q", stdout.String())
 	}
 
@@ -318,11 +554,48 @@ func TestSkillSetupMutualExclusion(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(monoDest, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("mono SKILL.md missing: %v", err)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "已清理对面模式残留") {
+	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "已备份并清理对面模式残留") {
 		t.Fatalf("expected cleanup log line on mono install, got stdout=%q", stdout.String())
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMonoPreservesUnregisteredDingtalkSkill(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, home)
+	base := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	managed := filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-managed-old")
+	legacyOfficial := filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-aitable")
+	custom := filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-custom")
+	for _, dir := range []string{managed, legacyOfficial, custom} {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte(filepath.Base(dir)), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, filepath.Base(managed))
+
+	monoSrc := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(monoSrc, "SKILL.md"), []byte("mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := installSkillToHomes(monoSrc, []string{filepath.Join(base, "dws")}, &out, &errOut)
+	if err != nil || installed != 1 || skipped != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("mono install = (%d, %d, %v), stderr=%s", installed, skipped, err, errOut.String())
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(managed); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("centrally managed DWS multi Skill must be removed during mono switch: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(legacyOfficial); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("pre-state official multi Skill must be removed during mono switch: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(custom, "SKILL.md")); err != nil || string(got) != "dingtalk-custom" {
+		t.Fatalf("unregistered market/user dingtalk-* Skill changed: data=%q err=%v", got, err)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestSkillSourceCandidatesIncludesUserCache verifies that the user-level
 // cache populated by install.sh / install.ps1 / npm install.js is part of the
 // fallback candidate list, so `dws skill setup` can find a source on a fresh
@@ -464,10 +737,11 @@ func TestFilterMultiSkillNames(t *testing.T) {
 // TestSkillSetupMultiAdditivePreservesSiblings verifies the key UX promise of
 // `dws skill setup --mode multi -s aitable`: installing a subset must NOT
 // touch already-installed dingtalk-* siblings (additive semantics).
-func TestSkillSetupMultiAdditivePreservesSiblings(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMultiAdditivePreservesSiblings(t *testing.T) {
 	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{
 		"dingtalk-aitable", "dingtalk-calendar", "dingtalk-doc",
 	})
+	setTestHome(t, t.TempDir())
 	agentHome := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), ".claude", "skills")
 
 	// Pretend the user already installed two dingtalk-* skills earlier.
@@ -493,7 +767,7 @@ func TestSkillSetupMultiAdditivePreservesSiblings(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
-	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, filtered, []string{agentHome}, &stdout, &stderr)
+	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, filtered, []string{agentHome}, &stdout, &stderr, true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("install err: %v (stderr=%s)", err, stderr.String())
 	}
@@ -561,6 +835,135 @@ func TestResolveSkillSetupSourceMultiFinds(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMultiFullInstallCleansStale verifies that a full (unfiltered)
+// multi install removes stale dingtalk-* / dws-shared directories that are no
+// longer part of the bundle, matching install.sh / install.js / upgrade paths.
+// The additive counterpart (filtered install) is covered by
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMultiAdditivePreservesSiblings.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMultiFullInstallCleansStale(t *testing.T) {
+	names := []string{"dingtalk-aitable"}
+	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, names)
+
+	homeRoot := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, homeRoot)
+	agentHome := filepath.Join(homeRoot, ".claude", "skills")
+	// Stale multi skills absent from the bundle, plus a non-DWS dir that must survive.
+	for _, n := range []string{"dingtalk-stale", "dws-shared", "other-skill"} {
+		dir := filepath.Join(agentHome, n)
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte("OLD "+n), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	useManagedSkillNames(t, "dingtalk-stale")
+	custom := filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-custom")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(custom, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(custom, "SKILL.md"), []byte("market skill"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
+	installed, skipped, err := installMultiSkillToHomes(src, names, []string{agentHome}, &stdout, &stderr, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("install err: %v (stderr=%s)", err, stderr.String())
+	}
+	if installed != 1 || skipped != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected installed=1 skipped=0, got %d/%d", installed, skipped)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentHome, "dingtalk-aitable", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("missing installed skill: %v", err)
+	}
+	for _, stale := range []string{"dingtalk-stale", "dws-shared"} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentHome, stale)); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Errorf("stale %q should be removed by a full multi install (stat err=%v)", stale, err)
+		}
+	}
+	body, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(agentHome, "other-skill", "SKILL.md"))
+	if err != nil || !strings.HasPrefix(string(body), "OLD ") {
+		t.Errorf("non-DWS dir must be preserved (body=%q, err=%v)", string(body), err)
+	}
+	if body, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(custom, "SKILL.md")); err != nil || string(body) != "market skill" {
+		t.Errorf("unregistered market/user dingtalk-* dir must survive (body=%q, err=%v)", string(body), err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(stdout.String(), "已备份并清理过期 skill") {
+		t.Errorf("expected stale cleanup log line, got stdout=%q", stdout.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSkillSetupMutualExclusionScanWarning verifies that a victim-scan failure
+// surfaces as an errOut warning instead of silently skipping cleanup.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupMutualExclusionScanWarning(t *testing.T) {
+	oldReadDir := skillSetupReadDir
+	t.Cleanup(func() { skillSetupReadDir = oldReadDir })
+	scanFail := errors.New("scan boom")
+	skillSetupReadDir = func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) { return nil, scanFail }
+
+	monoDest := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "agent", "dws")
+	if _, err := mutualExclusionVictims(monoDest, skillSetupModeMono); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("scan failure should surface as an error")
+	}
+
+	var out, errOut bytes.Buffer
+	cleanupMutualExclusion(monoDest, skillSetupModeMono, &out, &errOut)
+	if !strings.Contains(errOut.String(), "互斥清理扫描失败") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected scan warning on errOut, got %q", errOut.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRunSkillSetupThreadsFilteredFlag verifies runSkillSetup tells
+// installMultiSkillToHomes whether -s/--skill or -x/--exclude was used, so a
+// full install cleans stale siblings while a filtered install stays additive.
+func TestRunSkillSetupThreadsFilteredFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	oldMode, oldSource, oldTargets := skillSetupResolveMode, skillSetupResolveSource, skillSetupResolveTargets
+	oldList, oldFilter, oldExecute := skillSetupListMulti, skillSetupFilterMulti, skillSetupExecutePlan
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		skillSetupResolveMode, skillSetupResolveSource, skillSetupResolveTargets = oldMode, oldSource, oldTargets
+		skillSetupListMulti, skillSetupFilterMulti, skillSetupExecutePlan = oldList, oldFilter, oldExecute
+	})
+
+	skillSetupResolveMode = func(mode string, _ bool, _ io.Writer) (string, error) { return mode, nil }
+	skillSetupResolveSource = func(string, string) (string, func(), error) { return "source", func() {}, nil }
+	skillSetupResolveTargets = func(string, string) ([]string, error) {
+		return []string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dest")}, nil
+	}
+	skillSetupListMulti = func(string) ([]string, error) { return []string{"dingtalk-aitable", "dws-shared"}, nil }
+	skillSetupFilterMulti = filterMultiSkillNames
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBuildProvenance, func(name, _ string, version, source string) (skillprovenance.Record, error) {
+		return skillprovenance.Record{Name: name, Version: version, Source: source, Digest: "sha256:test", DigestScope: skillprovenance.DigestScope}, nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteState, func(string, skillstate.State) error { return nil })
+	var gotFiltered []bool
+	skillSetupExecutePlan = func(plan *skillSetupPlan, _, _ io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+		gotFiltered = append(gotFiltered, plan.Filtered)
+		return 1, 0, nil
+	}
+
+	// Full install (no -s/-x): filtered must be false.
+	cmd := skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("full install run err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Filtered install: filtered must be true.
+	cmd = skillSetupCoverageCommand(t, skillSetupModeMulti, true)
+	if err := cmd.Flags().Set("skill", "aitable"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := cmd.RunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("filtered install run err: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(gotFiltered) != 2 || gotFiltered[0] != false || gotFiltered[1] != true {
+		t.Fatalf("filtered flag threading = %v, want [false true]", gotFiltered)
+	}
+}
 func executeMultiSkillSetupTest(t *testing.T, src string, dests []string, args ...string) (string, string, error) {
 	t.Helper()
 	originalTargets := skillSetupResolveTargets
@@ -633,7 +1036,7 @@ func assertNoEventMigrationStages(t *testing.T, agentHome string) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestSkillSetupSelectiveEventMigratesOnlyFoldedTargets(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupSelectiveEventMigratesOnlyFoldedTargets(t *testing.T) {
 	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{
 		multiEventSkill, multiSharedSkill, multiMiscSkill, "dingtalk-doc",
 	})
@@ -653,13 +1056,10 @@ func TestSkillSetupSelectiveEventMigratesOnlyFoldedTargets(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	stdout, stderr, err := executeMultiSkillSetupTest(t, src, []string{freshHome, foldedHome}, "--skill", "event")
+	stdout, stderr, err := executeMultiSkillSetupTest(t, src, []string{freshHome, foldedHome}, "--skill", "event", "--yes")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("selective event setup failed: %v\nstderr=%s\nstdout=%s", err, stderr, stdout)
 	}
-	if !strings.Contains(stdout, "迁移伴侣") || !strings.Contains(stdout, foldedHome) {
-		t.Fatalf("confirmation output should expose folded misc migration: %s", stdout)
-	}
 	if !strings.Contains(stdout, "重新加载 Skills") {
 		t.Fatalf("completion should tell the user to reload skills: %s", stdout)
 	}
@@ -703,7 +1103,7 @@ func TestSkillSetupSelectiveEventMigratesOnlyFoldedTargets(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestSkillSetupEventMigrationDryRunAndExplicitExclude(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillSetupEventMigrationDryRunAndExplicitExclude(t *testing.T) {
 	src := writeMultiSkillSource(t, []string{
 		multiEventSkill, multiSharedSkill, multiMiscSkill, "dingtalk-doc",
 	})
@@ -854,7 +1254,7 @@ func TestSkillSetupSelectiveEventPreservesFoldedMiscAfterPrimarySkip(t *testing.
 	originalInstallMulti := skillSetupInstallMulti
 	t.Cleanup(func() { skillSetupInstallMulti = originalInstallMulti })
 	calls := 0
-	skillSetupInstallMulti = func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+	skillSetupInstallMulti = func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer, bool) (int, int, error) {
 		calls++
 		if calls > 1 {
 			t.Fatal("misc migration companion ran after a primary install skip")
@@ -891,7 +1291,7 @@ func TestSkillSetupFreshTargetFailureDoesNotTouchFoldedPair(t *testing.T) {
 	originalInstallMulti := skillSetupInstallMulti
 	t.Cleanup(func() { skillSetupInstallMulti = originalInstallMulti })
 	calls := 0
-	skillSetupInstallMulti = func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer) (int, int, error) {
+	skillSetupInstallMulti = func(string, []string, []string, io.Writer, io.Writer, bool) (int, int, error) {
 		calls++
 		if calls > 1 {
 			t.Fatal("folded target prerequisites ran after fresh target failure")

internal/app/skill_startup_repair.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package app
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// detectNestedMultiSkillLayout detects the compatibility gap where an older
+// running dws process replaces itself with a newer binary, but then installs
+// the new release bundle with its legacy mono copier. That produces the
+// impossible layout <agent>/dws/multi/<skill>/SKILL.md.
+//
+// Detection is deliberately read-only. Ordinary commands must not turn a
+// compatibility warning into an unconfirmed, cross-Agent Skill refresh.
+// A legitimate mono install has no dws/multi product tree and is ignored.
+func detectNestedMultiSkillLayout() (bool, error) {
+	home, err := skillSetupUserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	for _, rel := range skillSetupAgentHomes {
+		nested := filepath.Join(home, rel, "dws", "multi")
+		if isSkillSourceRoot(nested, skillSetupModeMulti) {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func shouldDetectNestedSkillLayout(cmd *cobra.Command) bool {
+	if cmd == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if cmd.Name() == "upgrade" {
+		return false
+	}
+	return !(cmd.Name() == "setup" && cmd.Parent() != nil && cmd.Parent().Name() == "skill")
+}

internal/app/skill_startup_repair_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package app
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageStartupDetectsNestedUpgradeLayoutWithoutMutation(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupAgentHomes, []string{".agents/skills", ".codex/skills"})
+	nested := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills", "dws", "multi", "dingtalk-chat")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(nested, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(nested, "SKILL.md"), []byte("old nested"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	found, err := detectNestedMultiSkillLayout()
+	if err != nil || !found {
+		t.Fatalf("detect nested layout = (%v, %v), want (true, nil)", found, err)
+	}
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(nested, "SKILL.md"))
+	if err != nil || string(data) != "old nested" {
+		t.Fatalf("detection changed nested Skill: data=%q err=%v", data, err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(home, ".codex", "skills", "dingtalk-chat")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("detection unexpectedly installed a canonical Skill: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageStartupDetectionIgnoresMonoAndReportsReadFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupAgentHomes, []string{".agents/skills"})
+	mono := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills", "dws")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(mono, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(mono, "SKILL.md"), []byte("valid mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	found, err := detectNestedMultiSkillLayout()
+	if err != nil || found {
+		t.Fatalf("valid mono detection = (%v, %v), want (false, nil)", found, err)
+	}
+
+	failure := errors.New("HOME failure")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return "", failure })
+	found, err = detectNestedMultiSkillLayout()
+	if found || !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+		t.Fatalf("HOME failure detection = (%v, %v)", found, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageStartupDetectionSkipsExplicitSkillManagers(t *testing.T) {
+	upgradeCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "upgrade"}
+	if shouldDetectNestedSkillLayout(upgradeCmd) {
+		t.Fatal("upgrade must manage its own Skill lifecycle")
+	}
+	skillCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "skill"}
+	setupCmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "setup"}
+	skillCmd.AddCommand(setupCmd)
+	if shouldDetectNestedSkillLayout(setupCmd) {
+		t.Fatal("skill setup must manage its own Skill lifecycle")
+	}
+	if !shouldDetectNestedSkillLayout(&cobra.Command{Use: "version"}) || !shouldDetectNestedSkillLayout(nil) {
+		t.Fatal("ordinary commands must trigger read-only detection")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageStartupWarningIsReadOnlyAndDoesNotBypassConfirmation(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupAgentHomes, []string{".codex/skills"})
+	nested := filepath.Join(home, ".codex", "skills", "dws", "multi", "dingtalk-chat")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(nested, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(nested, "SKILL.md"), []byte("old nested"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Any accidental return to startup mutation must fail this test before it
+	// can touch the fixture.
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupCopyDir, func(string, string) error {
+		t.Fatal("ordinary command attempted to copy Skills")
+		return nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupBackupAndRemove, func(string, string) (string, error) {
+		t.Fatal("ordinary command attempted to back up or remove Skills")
+		return "", nil
+	})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillSetupWriteState, func(string, skillstate.State) error {
+		t.Fatal("ordinary command attempted to write Skill state")
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	root := newRootCommandWithEngine(context.Background(), nil, false, true)
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "version"}
+	cmd.SetContext(context.Background())
+	var stderr bytes.Buffer
+	cmd.SetErr(&stderr)
+	if err := root.PersistentPreRunE(cmd, nil); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	warning := stderr.String()
+	if !strings.Contains(warning, "dws skill setup --mode multi") {
+		t.Fatalf("safe migration hint missing: %q", warning)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(warning, "--yes") {
+		t.Fatalf("migration hint bypasses confirmation: %q", warning)
+	}
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(nested, "SKILL.md"))
+	if err != nil || string(data) != "old nested" {
+		t.Fatalf("ordinary command changed nested Skill: data=%q err=%v", data, err)
+	}
+}

internal/app/upgrade.go

@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ var (
 	downloadUpgradeProgress = upgrade.DownloadWithProgress
 	extractUpgradeZip       = upgrade.ExtractZip
 	findExtractedBinary     = upgrade.FindBinaryInDir
-	locateUpgradeSkill      = upgrade.LocateSkillMD
+	locateUpgradeSkill      = upgrade.LocateSkillsRoot
 	replaceUpgradeSelf      = upgrade.ReplaceSelf
-	installUpgradeSkills    = upgrade.UpgradeSkillLocations
+	installUpgradeSkills    = upgrade.UpgradeSkillLocationsWithOptions
 	upgradeMkdirTemp        = os.MkdirTemp
 	upgradeRemoveAll        = os.RemoveAll
 	upgradeReadFile         = os.ReadFile
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ func newUpgradeCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		Long: `检查并升级 DWS CLI 到最新版本。
 
 自动下载匹配当前平台的二进制文件和技能包，通过 SHA256 校验后原子替换。
-升级前会自动备份当前版本，可通过 --rollback 回滚。`,
+升级前会自动备份当前版本，可通过 --rollback 回滚。
+每次升级都会按新版本官方清单全量覆盖预制 Skill；--force 仅额外允许重装当前版本。`,
 		Example: `  dws upgrade                    # 交互式升级到最新版本
   dws upgrade --check            # 仅检查是否有新版本
   dws upgrade --list             # 列出最近版本
@@ -107,6 +108,7 @@ func newUpgradeCommand() *cobra.Command {
   dws upgrade --beta             # 升级到最新 beta 预发布版本
   dws upgrade --version v1.0.7   # 升级到指定正式版本
   dws upgrade --version v1.0.8-beta.1  # 升级到指定 beta 版本
+  dws upgrade --force           # 即使已是最新版本也重装当前版本
   dws upgrade --rollback         # 回滚到上一版本
   dws upgrade --dry-run          # 仅预览升级步骤，不实际执行
   dws upgrade -y                 # 跳过确认直接升级`,
@@ -158,7 +160,7 @@ func newUpgradeCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	cmd.Flags().StringVar(&flagVersion, "version", "", "升级到指定版本")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&flagBeta, "beta", false, "使用最新 beta 预发布版本（默认使用正式 release）")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&flagRollback, "rollback", false, "回滚到上一版本")
-	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&flagForce, "force", false, "强制重新安装当前版本")
+	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&flagForce, "force", false, "即使已是最新版本也强制重新安装当前版本")
 	cmd.Flags().BoolVar(&flagSkipSkills, "skip-skills", false, "跳过技能包更新")
 
 	return cmd
@@ -596,7 +598,9 @@ func runUpgrade(ctx context.Context, opts upgradeOptions) error {
 	}
 
 	if hasSkills {
-		result, installErr := installUpgradeSkills(skillSrc)
+		result, installErr := installUpgradeSkills(skillSrc, upgrade.SkillUpgradeOptions{
+			Version: release.Version,
+		})
 		if installErr != nil {
 			fmt.Printf(" %s\n", ugRed("✗"))
 			return fmt.Errorf("技能包安装失败: %w", installErr)

internal/app/upgrade_full_coverage_test.go

@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageRunUpgradeAllStagesCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 			return nil
 		}
-		installUpgradeSkills = func(string) (*upgradepkg.SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
+		installUpgradeSkills = func(string, upgradepkg.SkillUpgradeOptions) (*upgradepkg.SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
 			if stage == "install" {
 				return nil, fail
 			}

internal/app/upgrade_skill_multi_e2e_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package app
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/upgrade"
+)
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageUpgradeSkillLocationsMonoSeedMigratesToMulti is the fake-HOME E2E for
+// the 2026-08-05 owner decision: upgrade is not disk-sticky. Seeding a mono
+// layout then calling UpgradeSkillLocations with a multi bundle must install
+// product skills, remove dws/, and leave non-DWS dirs alone.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageUpgradeSkillLocationsMonoSeedMigratesToMulti(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, home)
+	upgrade.SwapUserHomeDirForTest(t, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+
+	agentsBase := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "dws"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "dws", "SKILL.md"), []byte("old mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "other-skill"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "other-skill", "SKILL.md"), []byte("not dws"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	extract := t.TempDir()
+	multiRoot := filepath.Join(extract, "multi")
+	for _, name := range []string{"dingtalk-chat", "dws-shared"} {
+		dir := filepath.Join(multiRoot, name)
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte("# "+name), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	result, err := upgrade.UpgradeSkillLocations(multiRoot)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("UpgradeSkillLocations() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if failed := result.Failed(); len(failed) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 0 failures, got %v", failed)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "dws")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("mono leftover dws/ must be gone, stat err=%v", err)
+	}
+	for _, name := range []string{"dingtalk-chat", "dws-shared"} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, name, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("multi skill missing: %s: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "other-skill", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("non-DWS dir should be preserved: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUpgradeSkillLocationsRealBundleMigratesMono runs the upgrade path against
+// the repository's actual multi bundle (skills/multi, post-#887 layout with
+// dingtalk-shared). Disk is seeded with a mono install plus the leftovers the
+// rename and stale releases leave behind: a pre-rename dws-shared directory
+// and a dingtalk-* skill no longer in the bundle. All three must be gone after
+// the upgrade, every bundle skill installed, non-DWS dirs untouched, and the
+// ~/.dws/skills/multi cache refreshed.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageUpgradeSkillLocationsRealBundleMigratesMono(t *testing.T) {
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	setTestHome(t, home)
+	upgrade.SwapUserHomeDirForTest(t, func() (string, error) { return home, nil })
+
+	bundle := filepath.Join("..", "..", "skills", "multi")
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(bundle)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("real multi bundle missing: %v", err)
+	}
+	var bundleNames []string
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		if e.IsDir() {
+			bundleNames = append(bundleNames, e.Name())
+		}
+	}
+	if len(bundleNames) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("real multi bundle is empty")
+	}
+
+	agentsBase := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	// Mono install plus pre-rename shared and a stale product skill.
+	for _, name := range []string{"dws", "dws-shared", "dingtalk-stale", "other-skill"} {
+		dir := filepath.Join(agentsBase, name)
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte("# "+name), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := skillstate.Write(home, skillstate.State{ManagedSkills: []skillprovenance.Record{{Name: "dingtalk-stale"}}}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	custom := filepath.Join(agentsBase, "dingtalk-custom")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(custom, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(custom, "SKILL.md"), []byte("market skill"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	result, err := upgrade.UpgradeSkillLocations(bundle)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("UpgradeSkillLocations() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if failed := result.Failed(); len(failed) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 0 failures, got %v", failed)
+	}
+
+	for _, stale := range []string{"dws", "dws-shared", "dingtalk-stale"} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, stale)); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			t.Errorf("leftover %q must be removed by the upgrade, stat err=%v", stale, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, name := range bundleNames {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, name, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("bundle skill %q missing after upgrade: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "other-skill", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("non-DWS dir should be preserved: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(custom, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unregistered market/user dingtalk-* dir should be preserved: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Shared skill must come from the renamed bundle dir, never the legacy name.
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(agentsBase, "dingtalk-shared", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("dingtalk-shared missing: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Cache refresh so `dws skill setup` fallbacks stay on the upgraded version.
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(home, ".dws", "skills", "multi", "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+		// multi cache mirrors the bundle root, which has no top-level SKILL.md;
+		// check a bundle skill inside the cache instead.
+		if _, err2 := os.Stat(filepath.Join(home, ".dws", "skills", "multi", bundleNames[0], "SKILL.md")); err2 != nil {
+			t.Errorf("multi cache not refreshed: %v / %v", err, err2)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/app/upgrade_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,27 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 )
 
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageUpgradeHelpDoesNotMakeFullSkillRefreshForceOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	cmd := newUpgradeCommand()
+	force := cmd.Flags().Lookup("force")
+	if force == nil {
+		t.Fatal("upgrade --force flag is missing")
+	}
+	for _, text := range []string{cmd.Example, force.Usage} {
+		if strings.Contains(text, "恢复全部官方 Skill") {
+			t.Fatalf("upgrade help still implies that only --force performs the full Skill refresh: %q", text)
+		}
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(force.Usage, "已是最新版本") {
+		t.Fatalf("upgrade --force help must explain its remaining purpose, got %q", force.Usage)
+	}
+	for _, want := range []string{"每次升级", "全量覆盖预制 Skill", "--force 仅额外允许重装当前版本"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(cmd.Long, want) {
+			t.Fatalf("upgrade help missing full-refresh contract %q: %s", want, cmd.Long)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // --- ensureV ---
 
 func TestEnsureV(t *testing.T) {

internal/cli/schema_catalog_test.go

@@ -1356,6 +1356,8 @@ func TestDeliveryCatalogChatParamDeclsFrom87910880Reviewed(t *testing.T) {
 		{"chat message edit", "conversation-id", "openConversationId", true, ""},
 		{"chat message edit", "msg-id", "openMessageId", true, ""},
 		{"chat message edit", "at-open-dingtalk-ids", "atOpenDingTalkIds", false, "array"},
+		{"chat message send-card", "at-all", "atAll", false, ""},
+		{"chat message send-card", "at-open-dingtalk-ids", "atOpenDingTalkIds", false, "array"},
 		{"chat message update-text-emotion", "msg-id", "openMsgId", true, ""},
 		{"chat message update-text-emotion", "old-emotion-id", "oldEmotionId", true, ""},
 		{"chat category batch-info", "category-ids", "categoryIds", true, "array"},

internal/helpers/chat.go

@@ -2799,6 +2799,8 @@ func newChatCommand() *cobra.Command {
 
 纯文本 / Markdown 消息（默认）：
   无需指定 --msg-type，直接传消息内容即可。推荐使用 --text flag 传递内容（尤其当内容含换行、引号等特殊字符时），也支持位置参数。可选 --title 作为消息标题。
+  图文混排时，公网图片 URL 需要写成 Markdown 图片语法：![图片标题](https://example.com/image.png)，才会以内联图片展示。
+  如果省略开头的 !，例如 [图片标题](https://example.com/image.png)，将按链接/URL 展示，不会渲染为图片。
 
 返回值与后续操作：
   发送后会返回 openTaskId。如需编辑或撤回刚发送的消息，使用
@@ -2816,6 +2818,8 @@ func newChatCommand() *cobra.Command {
   dws chat message send --user <userId> "请查收"
   dws chat message send --open-dingtalk-id <openDingTalkId> "请查收"
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --title "周报提醒" "请大家本周五前提交周报"
+  # 图文混排 Markdown：公网图片 URL 需要写成 ![图片标题](URL) 才会以内联图片展示
+  dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --text $'这是图文说明\n\n![这个是展示图片标题](https://down.dingtalk.com/media/lQLPM5jiBEiBNjswMLAKd_CTzm8eowpEWPT_7-cA_48_48.png)'
   # 发送本地图片或文件（图片会作为可下载的 file 附件发送）
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --msg-type file --file-path ./screenshot.png
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --msg-type file --file-path ./report.pdf
@@ -5721,27 +5725,41 @@ chat message edit 或 chat message recall 的 --msg-id 和 --conversation-id。
 		Use:   "send-card",
 		Short: "创建并推送流式卡片",
 		Long: `向群聊或单聊创建并推送流式卡片。群聊传 --group，单聊传 --receiver，二者互斥。
+群聊创建卡片时可通过 --at-open-dingtalk-ids @指定成员，或通过 --at-all @所有人。
 创建时无需传入卡片内容，后续通过 update-card 更新内容。
 
 注意：send-card 必须和 update-card 搭配使用。发送卡片后，使用返回的 bizId 调用 update-card 更新内容，
 最后一次更新必须将 --flow-status 设为 3（finish），否则卡片会一直处于"生成中"的加载状态。
 flow-status 取值：1=处理中(PROCESSING)，2=输入中(INPUTTING)，3=完成(FINISH)，4=执行中(EXECUTING)，5=错误(ERROR)。`,
 		Example: `  dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId>
+  dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId> --at-open-dingtalk-ids <openDingTalkId>
+  dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId> --at-all
   dws chat message send-card --receiver <openDingTalkId>
   # 查询群 ID: dws chat search --query "群名"
   # 查询人员: dws contact user search --keyword "姓名" --format json`,
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 			groupID := flagOrFallback(cmd, "group", "conversation-id", "id", "chat")
 			receiver, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("receiver")
+			atOpenDingTalkIDs := uniqueNonEmptyStrings(parseCSVValues(mustGetFlag(cmd, "at-open-dingtalk-ids")))
+			atAll, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("at-all")
 			if groupID == "" && receiver == "" {
 				return fmt.Errorf("--group or --receiver is required")
 			}
 			if groupID != "" && receiver != "" {
 				return fmt.Errorf("--group and --receiver are mutually exclusive")
 			}
+			if groupID == "" && (len(atOpenDingTalkIDs) > 0 || atAll) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("--at-open-dingtalk-ids and --at-all are only supported with --group")
+			}
 			toolArgs := map[string]any{}
 			if groupID != "" {
 				toolArgs["openConversationId"] = groupID
+				if len(atOpenDingTalkIDs) > 0 {
+					toolArgs["atOpenDingTalkIds"] = atOpenDingTalkIDs
+				}
+				if atAll {
+					toolArgs["atAll"] = true
+				}
 			}
 			if receiver != "" {
 				resolved, err := resolveOpenDingTalkID(cmd.Context(), receiver)
@@ -5766,19 +5784,21 @@ flow-status 取值：1=处理中(PROCESSING)，2=输入中(INPUTTING)，3=完成
 				CLIPath:        "chat message send-card",
 				PrimaryCLIPath: "chat message send-card",
 			},
-			Description: "创建并向群聊或单聊发送互动卡片",
+			Description: "创建并向群聊或单聊发送互动卡片；群聊创建时可 @成员或 @所有人",
 			Interface: &contract.InterfaceSpec{
 				Mode:         "mcp",
 				Availability: "available",
 				Ref:          &contract.InterfaceRefSpec{ProductID: "im", RPCName: "create_and_send_card"},
 			},
 			Selection: contract.SelectionSpec{
-				AgentSummary: "创建并向群聊或单聊发送互动卡片",
-				UseWhen:      []string{"需要卡片式交互且已准备接收会话或用户时"},
+				AgentSummary: "创建并向群聊或单聊发送互动卡片；群聊创建时可 @成员或 @所有人",
+				UseWhen:      []string{"需要创建卡片且已准备接收会话或用户时；群聊创建可同时指定 @成员或 @所有人"},
 				AvoidWhen:    []string{"只发送普通文本时使用 send 或 send-by-bot"},
 				Examples:     []string{"dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId>"},
 			},
 			Parameters: []contract.ParamDecl{
+				{Name: "at-all", Property: "atAll", Required: boolPtr(false), InterfaceType: "boolean"},
+				{Name: "at-open-dingtalk-ids", Property: "atOpenDingTalkIds", Required: boolPtr(false), InterfaceType: "array"},
 				{Name: "group", Property: "openConversationId"},
 				{Name: "receiver", Property: "receiverOpenDingTalkId"},
 			},
@@ -5786,6 +5806,8 @@ flow-status 取值：1=处理中(PROCESSING)，2=输入中(INPUTTING)，3=完成
 	})
 	chatMessageSendCardCmd.Flags().String("group", "", "群聊 openConversationId（群聊时必填，与 --receiver 互斥）")
 	chatMessageSendCardCmd.Flags().String("receiver", "", "单聊接收者 openDingTalkId（单聊时必填，与 --group 互斥）")
+	chatMessageSendCardCmd.Flags().String("at-open-dingtalk-ids", "", "群聊创建卡片时 @ 的 openDingTalkId 列表，逗号分隔（仅与 --group 一起使用）")
+	chatMessageSendCardCmd.Flags().Bool("at-all", false, "群聊创建卡片时 @ 所有人（仅与 --group 一起使用）")
 
 	chatMessageUpdateCardCmd := &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "update-card",

internal/helpers/chat_card_update_test.go

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageNativeMessageUpdateCardVerifiesWrite(t *testing.T)
 		}
 	})
 
-	t.Run("generic success is unverified", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("success acknowledgement is verified", func(t *testing.T) {
 		caller := &scriptedToolCaller{steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: `{"success":true,"errorCode":null}`}}}
 		err := runNativeCardUpdate(t, caller,
 			"message", "update-card",
@@ -85,9 +85,11 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageNativeMessageUpdateCardVerifiesWrite(t *testing.T)
 			"--content", "完成",
 			"--flow-status", "3",
 		)
-		var typed *apperrors.Error
-		if !errors.As(err, &typed) || typed.Reason != "streaming_card_update_unverified" {
-			t.Fatalf("error = %#v, want streaming_card_update_unverified", err)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if caller.calls != 1 || caller.tool != "update_streaming_card" {
+			t.Fatalf("call = count:%d tool:%q", caller.calls, caller.tool)
 		}
 	})
 

internal/helpers/chat_command_edges_test.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -272,6 +273,52 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageChatCreateAndMessageSendEdges(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageChatNativeSendCardMentions(t *testing.T) {
+	previousDeps, previousArgs := deps, os.Args
+	os.Args = []string{"dws", "chat"}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { deps, os.Args = previousDeps, previousArgs })
+
+	t.Run("group forwards mention arguments", func(t *testing.T) {
+		caller := &scriptedToolCaller{}
+		err := runChatCoverageCommand(t, caller,
+			"message", "send-card",
+			"--group=cid",
+			"--at-open-dingtalk-ids=D1,D2,D1",
+			"--at-all",
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		want := map[string]any{
+			"openConversationId": "cid",
+			"atOpenDingTalkIds":  []string{"D1", "D2"},
+			"atAll":              true,
+		}
+		if caller.calls != 1 || caller.server != "im" || caller.tool != "create_and_send_card" || !reflect.DeepEqual(caller.args, want) {
+			t.Fatalf("call = count:%d server:%q tool:%q args:%#v, want %#v", caller.calls, caller.server, caller.tool, caller.args, want)
+		}
+	})
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+	}{
+		{name: "member mention rejects direct message", args: []string{"--receiver=D1", "--at-open-dingtalk-ids=D2"}},
+		{name: "at all rejects direct message", args: []string{"--receiver=D1", "--at-all"}},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &scriptedToolCaller{}
+			err := runChatCoverageCommand(t, caller, append([]string{"message", "send-card"}, tc.args...)...)
+			if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "only supported with --group") {
+				t.Fatalf("error = %v, want group-only mention validation", err)
+			}
+			if caller.calls != 0 {
+				t.Fatalf("invalid direct-message mentions made %d tool calls", caller.calls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestCrossPlatformCoverageChatWebhookReplyConversationAndDownloadEdges(t *testing.T) {
 	previousDeps, previousArgs := deps, os.Args
 	os.Args = []string{"dws", "chat"}

internal/helpers/drive.go

@@ -281,6 +281,85 @@ func parseDriveUploadInfo(text string) (resourceURL, uploadID string, headers ma
 	return
 }
 
+// DriveUploadRequest describes the reusable Drive upload transaction used by
+// the native leaf and the curated +upload shortcut. FilePath must already be
+// resolved and validated by the caller.
+type DriveUploadRequest struct {
+	FilePath      string
+	FileName      string
+	FileSize      int64
+	SpaceID       string
+	ParentID      string
+	OverwriteFile string
+	MIMEType      string
+}
+
+// UploadDriveFileData runs credentials -> OSS PUT -> commit exactly once and
+// returns the parsed commit response without rendering it. Unlike the legacy
+// leaf helper, this path fails when the commit has no non-empty JSON response;
+// the Shortcut can then require terminal success evidence and read back the
+// created node before reporting success.
+func UploadDriveFileData(ctx context.Context, request DriveUploadRequest) (map[string]any, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(request.FilePath) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(request.FileName) == "" || request.FileSize <= 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid drive upload request")
+	}
+	step1Args := map[string]any{
+		"fileName": request.FileName,
+		"fileSize": float64(request.FileSize),
+	}
+	if request.SpaceID != "" {
+		step1Args["spaceId"] = request.SpaceID
+	}
+	if request.MIMEType != "" {
+		step1Args["mimeType"] = request.MIMEType
+	}
+	if request.OverwriteFile != "" {
+		step1Args["overwriteFileId"] = request.OverwriteFile
+	} else if request.ParentID != "" {
+		step1Args["parentId"] = request.ParentID
+	}
+
+	credentialText, err := callMCPToolReturnTextOnServer(ctx, "drive", "get_upload_info", step1Args)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	uploadID, err := driveUploadPut(ctx, credentialText, func(refreshCtx context.Context) (string, error) {
+		return callMCPToolReturnTextOnServer(refreshCtx, "drive", "get_upload_info", step1Args)
+	}, request.FilePath, request.FileSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	commitArgs := map[string]any{
+		"fileName": request.FileName,
+		"fileSize": float64(request.FileSize),
+		"uploadId": uploadID,
+	}
+	if request.SpaceID != "" {
+		commitArgs["spaceId"] = request.SpaceID
+	}
+	if request.OverwriteFile != "" {
+		commitArgs["overwriteFileId"] = request.OverwriteFile
+	} else if request.ParentID != "" {
+		commitArgs["parentId"] = request.ParentID
+	}
+	commitText, err := callMCPToolReturnTextOnServer(ctx, "drive", "commit_upload", commitArgs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(commitText) == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("commit_upload returned no business result; remote effect is unknown")
+	}
+	var result map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(commitText), &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse commit_upload response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(result) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("commit_upload returned an empty JSON object; remote effect is unknown")
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
 func newDriveCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	// Product-level Agent routing Decl (migrated from selection/drive.json
 	// products.drive). Catalog assembly stamps provenance contract_final.
@@ -3204,6 +3283,7 @@ func newDriveCommand() *cobra.Command {
 		driveListCmd,
 		driveListSpacesCmd,
 		driveInfoCmd,
+		newDriveFileCommentCmd(),
 		driveDownloadCmd,
 		driveDownloadVersionCmd,
 		driveMkdirCmd,

internal/helpers/drive_coverage_more_test.go

@@ -154,6 +154,88 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageDriveUploadTransportCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageUploadDriveFileDataStrictTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	credential := `{"result":{"uploadType":"httpToCenterWithToken","resourceUrl":"https://c.example.com/u?upload_key=u1","uploadId":"u1","headers":{"dentry-token":"token"}}}`
+	request := DriveUploadRequest{FilePath: "fixture.bin", FileName: "fixture.bin", FileSize: 7, SpaceID: "space", ParentID: "folder", MIMEType: "application/octet-stream"}
+
+	t.Run("success with parent", func(t *testing.T) {
+		caller := &scriptedToolCaller{steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {text: `{"success":true,"result":{"fileId":"n1"}}`}}}
+		installScriptedCaller(t, caller)
+		SetHTTPPutFile(func(context.Context, string, map[string]string, string, int64) error { return nil })
+		t.Cleanup(func() { SetHTTPPutFile(nil) })
+		result, err := UploadDriveFileData(context.Background(), request)
+		if err != nil || result["success"] != true || caller.calls != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("result=%v calls=%d error=%v", result, caller.calls, err)
+		}
+		if caller.args["spaceId"] != "space" || caller.args["parentId"] != "folder" {
+			t.Fatalf("commit args=%v", caller.args)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("success with overwrite", func(t *testing.T) {
+		caller := &scriptedToolCaller{steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {text: `{"success":true}`}}}
+		installScriptedCaller(t, caller)
+		SetHTTPPutFile(func(context.Context, string, map[string]string, string, int64) error { return nil })
+		t.Cleanup(func() { SetHTTPPutFile(nil) })
+		overwrite := request
+		overwrite.ParentID = "ignored"
+		overwrite.OverwriteFile = "existing"
+		if _, err := UploadDriveFileData(context.Background(), overwrite); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if caller.args["overwriteFileId"] != "existing" {
+			t.Fatalf("commit args=%v", caller.args)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("credential refresh callback", func(t *testing.T) {
+		caller := &scriptedToolCaller{steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {text: credential}, {text: `{"success":true}`}}}
+		installScriptedCaller(t, caller)
+		putCalls := 0
+		SetHTTPPutFile(func(context.Context, string, map[string]string, string, int64) error {
+			putCalls++
+			if putCalls == 1 {
+				return &httpStatusError{StatusCode: 401, Body: "expired"}
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+		t.Cleanup(func() { SetHTTPPutFile(nil) })
+		if _, err := UploadDriveFileData(context.Background(), request); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if caller.calls != 3 || putCalls != 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("caller calls=%d put calls=%d", caller.calls, putCalls)
+		}
+	})
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name    string
+		request DriveUploadRequest
+		steps   []scriptedToolStep
+		putErr  error
+		want    string
+	}{
+		{name: "invalid request", request: DriveUploadRequest{}, want: "invalid drive upload request"},
+		{name: "credential failure", request: request, steps: []scriptedToolStep{{err: errors.New("credentials")}}, want: "credentials"},
+		{name: "put failure", request: request, steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}}, putErr: errors.New("put failed"), want: "put failed"},
+		{name: "commit failure", request: request, steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {err: errors.New("commit failed")}}, want: "commit failed"},
+		{name: "empty commit", request: request, steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {text: "  "}}, want: "no business result"},
+		{name: "malformed commit", request: request, steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {text: "{"}}, want: "parse commit_upload response"},
+		{name: "empty object commit", request: request, steps: []scriptedToolStep{{text: credential}, {text: `{}`}}, want: "empty JSON object"},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &scriptedToolCaller{steps: tc.steps}
+			installScriptedCaller(t, caller)
+			SetHTTPPutFile(func(context.Context, string, map[string]string, string, int64) error { return tc.putErr })
+			t.Cleanup(func() { SetHTTPPutFile(nil) })
+			_, err := UploadDriveFileData(context.Background(), tc.request)
+			if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.want) {
+				t.Fatalf("error=%v, want %q", err, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestCrossPlatformCoverageDriveCommandRemainingEdges(t *testing.T) {
 	file := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "fixture.txt")
 	_ = os.WriteFile(file, []byte("fixture"), 0o600)

internal/helpers/file_comment.go

@@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package helpers
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contract"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/output"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+const (
+	fileCommentServer           = "doc-comment"
+	listFileCommentsTool        = "list_file_comments"
+	createFileCommentTool       = "create_file_comment"
+	fileCommentMaxPageSize      = 200
+	fileCommentMaxAutoPages     = 10
+	fileCommentMaxContentLength = 2099
+)
+
+type fileCommentPage struct {
+	nodeID     string
+	total      any
+	hasMore    bool
+	nextCursor string
+	comments   []map[string]any
+}
+
+func fileCommentNodeFlag() LeafFlag {
+	return LeafFlag{Name: "node", Usage: "文件 ID (dentryUuid)、数字 dentry ID 或钉盘文件 URL", Required: true, Aliases: []string{"url", "id", "node-id", "file-id"}, Bind: "fileId", Trim: true}
+}
+
+func fileCommentSpaceIDFlag() LeafFlag {
+	return LeafFlag{Name: "space-id", Usage: "钉盘空间 ID；仅数字 dentry ID 必填", Bind: "spaceId", OmitEmpty: true, Trim: true, RequiredWhen: "--node is a numeric dentry ID"}
+}
+
+// newDriveFileCommentCmd follows the existing resource-first comment surface:
+// doc comment, sheet comment, and drive comment. The public command belongs to
+// Drive, while the implementation routes to the shared doc-comment MCP server.
+func newDriveFileCommentCmd() *cobra.Command {
+	commentCmd := &cobra.Command{
+		Use:   "comment",
+		Short: "普通文件评论管理",
+		Long:  "管理钉盘普通预览文件的评论：查询评论列表或创建全文纯文本评论。",
+		RunE:  groupRunE,
+	}
+
+	listCmd := NewLeafCommand(LeafSpec{
+		Use:   "list",
+		Short: "查询普通文件评论列表",
+		Long: `查询钉盘普通预览文件的评论。支持 dentryUuid、钉盘文件 URL，以及配合
+--space-id 使用的数字 dentry ID。支持的文件类型由服务端判定。
+
+默认返回一页；--all 固定按每页 200 条自动翻页，最多 10 页。--scope 在 CLI
+侧按服务端返回的统一 anchor 过滤；total 始终表示文件的全部有效评论数，count
+表示本次输出且符合 scope 的评论数。`,
+		Example: `  dws drive comment list --node <dentryUuid> --format json
+  dws drive comment list --node <dentryUuid> --all --format json`,
+		Tool: listFileCommentsTool,
+		Flags: []LeafFlag{
+			fileCommentNodeFlag(),
+			fileCommentSpaceIDFlag(),
+			{Name: "limit", Usage: "每页评论数，范围 1-200", Kind: LeafInt, Default: "200", Aliases: []string{"page-size"}, Bind: "maxResults"},
+			{Name: "cursor", Usage: "分页游标，取自上页 nextCursor", Bind: "nextToken", OmitEmpty: true, Trim: true},
+			{Name: "all", Usage: "自动拉取全部评论，最多 10 页 / 2000 条", Kind: LeafBool, Bind: "all"},
+			{Name: "scope", Usage: "评论范围: all(全部) / whole(全文) / partial(历史局部)", Default: "all", Bind: "scope", Trim: true, Enum: []string{"all", "whole", "partial"}},
+		},
+		Constraints: []LeafConstraint{
+			{Kind: LeafMutuallyExclusive, Flags: []string{"all", "cursor"}, Description: "--all 与 --cursor 互斥"},
+			{Kind: LeafMutuallyExclusive, Flags: []string{"all", "limit"}, Description: "--all 与显式 --limit/--page-size 互斥"},
+			{Kind: "custom", Flags: []string{"limit"}, Description: "--limit/--page-size 必须在 1-200 之间"},
+			{Kind: "custom", Flags: []string{"cursor"}, Description: "--cursor 必须是服务端返回的非负数字游标"},
+		},
+		Safety: contract.SafetySpec{
+			Effect: "read", Risk: "low",
+			Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent",
+		},
+		Contract: LeafContract{
+			Identity: contract.ToolIdentitySpec{
+				ProductID:      "drive",
+				Name:           "list_file_comments",
+				CanonicalPath:  "drive.list_file_comments",
+				CLIPath:        "drive comment list",
+				PrimaryCLIPath: "drive comment list",
+			},
+			Description: "查询钉盘普通预览文件评论，支持安全分页聚合和全文/局部范围过滤",
+			DryRun:      &contract.DryRunSpec{PreviewKind: contract.DryRunPreviewRequest},
+			Interface: &contract.InterfaceSpec{
+				Mode:         "composite",
+				Availability: "available",
+				Reason:       "The CLI wraps doc-comment/list_file_comments with bounded auto-pagination, cursor anomaly guards, local anchor-scope filtering, and a stable output projection, so no single direct MCP interface represents the complete command contract.",
+			},
+			Selection: contract.SelectionSpec{
+				AgentSummary: "查询 PDF、DOCX、XLSX 等钉盘普通预览文件上的评论",
+				UseWhen: []string{
+					"用户要查看普通文件上的全文评论或历史高亮/矩形评论时",
+					"需要从评论列表取得 commentId、作者、时间和统一 anchor，或用 --all 拉取完整列表时",
+				},
+				AvoidWhen: []string{
+					"在线文字文档评论使用 dws doc comment list",
+					"在线表格单元格评论使用 dws sheet comment list",
+				},
+				Examples: []string{
+					"dws drive comment list --node <dentryUuid> --format json",
+					"dws drive comment list --node <dentryUuid> --all --format json",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Validate: validateFileCommentList,
+		Call:     runFileCommentList,
+	})
+
+	createCmd := NewLeafCommand(LeafSpec{
+		Use:   "create",
+		Short: "创建普通文件全文评论",
+		Long: `在钉盘普通预览文件上创建一条全文纯文本评论。当前不支持 @人、通知选项或
+局部锚点；content 按服务端规则使用 UTF-16 长度计数，最多 2099。`,
+		Example: `  dws drive comment create --node <dentryUuid> --content "请补充最终结论" --format json`,
+		Tool:    createFileCommentTool,
+		Flags: []LeafFlag{
+			fileCommentNodeFlag(),
+			fileCommentSpaceIDFlag(),
+			{Name: "content", Usage: "全文评论内容，纯文本且 UTF-16 长度不超过 2099", Required: true, Bind: "content"},
+		},
+		Constraints: []LeafConstraint{
+			{Kind: "custom", Flags: []string{"content"}, Description: "--content 去除首尾空白后必须非空，且 UTF-16 长度不超过 2099"},
+		},
+		Safety: contract.SafetySpec{
+			Effect: "write", Risk: "medium",
+			Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "unknown",
+		},
+		Contract: LeafContract{
+			Identity: contract.ToolIdentitySpec{
+				ProductID:      "drive",
+				Name:           "create_file_comment",
+				CanonicalPath:  "drive.create_file_comment",
+				CLIPath:        "drive comment create",
+				PrimaryCLIPath: "drive comment create",
+			},
+			Description: "在钉盘普通预览文件上创建一条全文纯文本评论",
+			DryRun:      &contract.DryRunSpec{PreviewKind: contract.DryRunPreviewRequest},
+			Interface: &contract.InterfaceSpec{
+				Mode:         "composite",
+				Availability: "available",
+				Reason:       "The CLI wraps doc-comment/create_file_comment with exact local content validation, runtime confirmation, and a stable flattened output projection, so no single direct MCP interface represents the complete command contract.",
+			},
+			Selection: contract.SelectionSpec{
+				AgentSummary: "在 PDF、DOCX、XLSX 等钉盘普通预览文件上创建全文纯文本评论",
+				UseWhen: []string{
+					"用户明确要求在普通文件上留下不绑定具体位置的评论时",
+				},
+				AvoidWhen: []string{
+					"在线文字文档评论使用 dws doc comment create",
+					"在线表格单元格评论使用 dws sheet comment create；当前普通文件评论不支持 @人或局部锚点",
+				},
+				Examples: []string{
+					"dws drive comment create --node <dentryUuid> --content \"请补充最终结论\" --format json",
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		Validate: validateFileCommentCreate,
+		Call:     runFileCommentCreate,
+	})
+
+	commentCmd.AddCommand(listCmd, createCmd)
+	return commentCmd
+}
+
+func validateFileCommentList(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+	if err := validateFileCommentNodeSpace(cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	limit, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("limit")
+	if cmd.Flags().Changed("page-size") {
+		limit, _ = cmd.Flags().GetInt("page-size")
+	}
+	if limit < 1 || limit > fileCommentMaxPageSize {
+		return &CLIError{
+			Code:    CodeInvalidParam,
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("--limit/--page-size 必须在 1-%d 之间", fileCommentMaxPageSize),
+		}
+	}
+	if cursor, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("cursor"); strings.TrimSpace(cursor) != "" {
+		cursor = strings.TrimSpace(cursor)
+		if !allASCIIDigits(cursor) {
+			return &CLIError{Code: CodeInvalidParam, Message: "--cursor 必须是服务端返回的非负数字游标"}
+		}
+		if _, err := strconv.ParseInt(cursor, 10, 64); err != nil {
+			return &CLIError{Code: CodeInvalidParam, Message: "--cursor 超出 64 位整数范围"}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateFileCommentCreate(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+	if err := validateFileCommentNodeSpace(cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	content, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("content")
+	if strings.TrimSpace(content) == "" {
+		return &CLIError{Code: CodeInvalidParam, Message: "--content 去除首尾空白后不能为空"}
+	}
+	length := fileCommentUTF16Length(content)
+	if length > fileCommentMaxContentLength {
+		return &CLIError{
+			Code:    CodeInputTooLarge,
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("--content 最多 %d 个 UTF-16 代码单元，当前为 %d", fileCommentMaxContentLength, length),
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateFileCommentNodeSpace(cmd *cobra.Command) error {
+	node := corecmd.EffectiveValue(cmd, fileCommentNodeFlag())
+	if !allASCIIDigits(node) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if spaceID := corecmd.EffectiveValue(cmd, fileCommentSpaceIDFlag()); spaceID == "" {
+		return &CLIError{
+			Code:    CodeInvalidParam,
+			Message: "--node 为数字 dentry ID 时必须同时提供 --space-id",
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func fileCommentUTF16Length(value string) int {
+	length := 0
+	for _, r := range value {
+		length++
+		if r > 0xffff {
+			length++
+		}
+	}
+	return length
+}
+
+func allASCIIDigits(value string) bool {
+	if value == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, r := range value {
+		if r < '0' || r > '9' {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func runFileCommentList(cmd *cobra.Command, tool string, args map[string]any) error {
+	fetchAll, _ := args["all"].(bool)
+	scope, _ := args["scope"].(string)
+	if scope == "" {
+		scope = "all"
+	}
+	request := fileCommentMCPArgs(args)
+	if fetchAll {
+		request["maxResults"] = fileCommentMaxPageSize
+		delete(request, "nextToken")
+	}
+	if deps != nil && deps.Caller != nil && deps.Caller.DryRun() {
+		return callMCPToolOnServer(fileCommentServer, tool, request)
+	}
+
+	if !fetchAll {
+		page, err := fetchFileCommentPage(tool, request)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := validateFileCommentNextCursor(page, stringArg(request, "nextToken")); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		page.comments = filterFileCommentsByScope(page.comments, scope)
+		return output.WriteCommandPayload(cmd, fileCommentListPayload(page, scope), output.FormatJSON)
+	}
+
+	var aggregate fileCommentPage
+	aggregate.comments = make([]map[string]any, 0)
+	seenCursors := map[string]bool{}
+	currentCursor := ""
+	for pageNumber := 0; pageNumber < fileCommentMaxAutoPages; pageNumber++ {
+		if currentCursor == "" {
+			delete(request, "nextToken")
+		} else {
+			request["nextToken"] = currentCursor
+		}
+		page, err := fetchFileCommentPage(tool, request)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if pageNumber == 0 {
+			aggregate.nodeID = page.nodeID
+			aggregate.total = page.total
+		}
+		aggregate.comments = append(aggregate.comments, filterFileCommentsByScope(page.comments, scope)...)
+		if !page.hasMore {
+			aggregate.hasMore = false
+			aggregate.nextCursor = ""
+			return output.WriteCommandPayload(cmd, fileCommentListPayload(aggregate, scope), output.FormatJSON)
+		}
+		if err := validateFileCommentNextCursor(page, currentCursor); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if seenCursors[page.nextCursor] {
+			return fileCommentPaginationError("分页游标发生循环，结果可能不完整")
+		}
+		seenCursors[page.nextCursor] = true
+		currentCursor = page.nextCursor
+	}
+	return fileCommentPaginationError(fmt.Sprintf("自动翻页达到 %d 页上限但服务端仍返回 hasMore=true，结果可能不完整", fileCommentMaxAutoPages))
+}
+
+func runFileCommentCreate(cmd *cobra.Command, tool string, args map[string]any) error {
+	request := fileCommentMCPArgs(args)
+	if deps != nil && deps.Caller != nil && deps.Caller.DryRun() {
+		return callMCPToolOnServer(fileCommentServer, tool, request)
+	}
+	raw, err := callMCPToolReturnTextOnServer(context.Background(), fileCommentServer, tool, request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	payload, err := decodeFileCommentPayload(tool, raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	nodeID, ok := nonEmptyStringField(payload, "fileId")
+	if !ok {
+		return invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "缺少 fileId", nil)
+	}
+	comment, ok := payload["comment"].(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "缺少 comment 对象", nil)
+	}
+	if err := validateFileCommentItem(tool, "comment", comment); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	out := map[string]any{"nodeId": nodeID}
+	for key, value := range projectFileComment(comment) {
+		out[key] = value
+	}
+	return output.WriteCommandPayload(cmd, out, output.FormatJSON)
+}
+
+func fileCommentMCPArgs(args map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	out := make(map[string]any, len(args))
+	for key, value := range args {
+		switch key {
+		case "all", "scope":
+			continue
+		default:
+			out[key] = value
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func fetchFileCommentPage(tool string, request map[string]any) (fileCommentPage, error) {
+	raw, err := callMCPToolReturnTextOnServer(context.Background(), fileCommentServer, tool, request)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, err
+	}
+	payload, err := decodeFileCommentPayload(tool, raw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, err
+	}
+	nodeID, ok := nonEmptyStringField(payload, "fileId")
+	if !ok {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "缺少 fileId", nil)
+	}
+	total, ok := payload["total"]
+	if !ok {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "缺少 total", nil)
+	}
+	hasMore, ok := payload["hasMore"].(bool)
+	if !ok {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "缺少布尔字段 hasMore", nil)
+	}
+	nextCursor := ""
+	if value, exists := payload["nextToken"]; exists && value != nil {
+		var stringValue bool
+		nextCursor, stringValue = value.(string)
+		if !stringValue {
+			return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "nextToken 不是字符串", nil)
+		}
+	}
+	rawItems, exists := payload["items"]
+	if !exists {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "缺少 items", nil)
+	}
+	items, ok := rawItems.([]any)
+	if rawItems == nil {
+		items = []any{}
+		ok = true
+	}
+	if !ok {
+		return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "items 不是数组", nil)
+	}
+	comments := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(items))
+	for index, item := range items {
+		comment, ok := item.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok {
+			return fileCommentPage{}, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, fmt.Sprintf("items[%d] 不是对象", index), nil)
+		}
+		if err := validateFileCommentItem(tool, fmt.Sprintf("items[%d]", index), comment); err != nil {
+			return fileCommentPage{}, err
+		}
+		comments = append(comments, projectFileComment(comment))
+	}
+	return fileCommentPage{
+		nodeID: nodeID, total: total, hasMore: hasMore,
+		nextCursor: strings.TrimSpace(nextCursor), comments: comments,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func decodeFileCommentPayload(tool, raw string) (map[string]any, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" {
+		return nil, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "返回为空", nil)
+	}
+	var payload map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &payload); err != nil {
+		return nil, invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, "返回不是有效 JSON", err)
+	}
+	for depth := 0; depth < 2; depth++ {
+		if _, ok := payload["fileId"]; ok {
+			break
+		}
+		var nested map[string]any
+		for _, key := range []string{"result", "data"} {
+			if value, ok := payload[key].(map[string]any); ok {
+				nested = value
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if nested == nil {
+			break
+		}
+		payload = nested
+	}
+	return payload, nil
+}
+
+func projectFileComment(comment map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	out := map[string]any{}
+	for _, key := range []string{"commentId", "parentCommentId", "content", "createdAt", "updatedAt", "options", "anchor"} {
+		if value, ok := comment[key]; ok {
+			out[key] = value
+		}
+	}
+	if value, ok := comment["commentCustomType"]; ok {
+		out["customType"] = value
+	}
+	creator := map[string]any{}
+	for source, target := range map[string]string{
+		"creatorId": "userId", "creatorName": "name", "creatorAvatar": "avatar",
+	} {
+		if value, ok := comment[source]; ok {
+			creator[target] = value
+		}
+	}
+	if len(creator) > 0 {
+		out["creator"] = creator
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func validateFileCommentItem(tool, path string, comment map[string]any) error {
+	if _, ok := nonEmptyStringField(comment, "commentId"); !ok {
+		return invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, path+" 缺少 commentId", nil)
+	}
+	if _, ok := comment["anchor"].(map[string]any); !ok {
+		return invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, path+" 缺少 anchor 对象", nil)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func filterFileCommentsByScope(comments []map[string]any, scope string) []map[string]any {
+	if scope == "" || scope == "all" {
+		return comments
+	}
+	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(comments))
+	for _, comment := range comments {
+		anchor, _ := comment["anchor"].(map[string]any)
+		commentScope, _ := anchor["scope"].(string)
+		if commentScope == scope {
+			out = append(out, comment)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func fileCommentListPayload(page fileCommentPage, scope string) map[string]any {
+	comments := page.comments
+	if comments == nil {
+		comments = make([]map[string]any, 0)
+	}
+	nextCursor := any(nil)
+	if page.nextCursor != "" {
+		nextCursor = page.nextCursor
+	}
+	return map[string]any{
+		"nodeId":     page.nodeID,
+		"total":      page.total,
+		"count":      len(page.comments),
+		"hasMore":    page.hasMore,
+		"nextCursor": nextCursor,
+		"complete":   !page.hasMore,
+		"scope":      scope,
+		"comments":   comments,
+	}
+}
+
+func validateFileCommentNextCursor(page fileCommentPage, currentCursor string) error {
+	if !page.hasMore {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if page.nextCursor == "" {
+		return fileCommentPaginationError("服务端返回 hasMore=true 但 nextCursor 为空，结果可能不完整")
+	}
+	if !allASCIIDigits(page.nextCursor) {
+		return fileCommentPaginationError("服务端返回的 nextCursor 不是非负数字游标，结果可能不完整")
+	}
+	if _, err := strconv.ParseInt(page.nextCursor, 10, 64); err != nil {
+		return fileCommentPaginationError("服务端返回的 nextCursor 超出 64 位整数范围，结果可能不完整")
+	}
+	if page.nextCursor == currentCursor {
+		return fileCommentPaginationError("服务端分页游标未前进，结果可能不完整")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func fileCommentPaginationError(message string) error {
+	return &CLIError{
+		Code:       CodeContentTruncated,
+		Message:    message,
+		Suggestion: "请稍后重试，或去掉 --all 后使用服务端返回的 --cursor 分页读取",
+		Operation:  fileCommentServer + "/" + listFileCommentsTool,
+	}
+}
+
+func invalidFileCommentResponse(tool, reason string, cause error) error {
+	return &CLIError{
+		Code:       CodeMCPToolError,
+		Message:    fmt.Sprintf("%s 返回结构异常：%s", tool, reason),
+		Suggestion: "请确认 doc-comment MCP 与当前 DWS 契约一致",
+		Operation:  fileCommentServer + "/" + tool,
+		Cause:      cause,
+	}
+}
+
+func nonEmptyStringField(payload map[string]any, key string) (string, bool) {
+	value, ok := payload[key].(string)
+	value = strings.TrimSpace(value)
+	return value, ok && value != ""
+}
+
+func stringArg(args map[string]any, key string) string {
+	value, _ := args[key].(string)
+	return strings.TrimSpace(value)
+}

internal/helpers/file_comment_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package helpers
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contractfinal"
+	apperrors "github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/errors"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/pkg/edition"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+type fileCommentTestCall struct {
+	server string
+	tool   string
+	args   map[string]any
+}
+
+type fileCommentTestCaller struct {
+	calls     []fileCommentTestCall
+	responses []string
+	err       error
+	dryRun    bool
+}
+
+func (c *fileCommentTestCaller) CallTool(_ context.Context, server, tool string, args map[string]any) (*edition.ToolResult, error) {
+	copied := make(map[string]any, len(args))
+	for key, value := range args {
+		copied[key] = value
+	}
+	c.calls = append(c.calls, fileCommentTestCall{server: server, tool: tool, args: copied})
+	if c.err != nil {
+		return nil, c.err
+	}
+	response := `{"result":{"fileId":"file-1","comment":{"commentId":"1","content":"ok","anchor":{"version":"v1","surface":"file","scope":"whole"}}}}`
+	if len(c.responses) > 0 {
+		response = c.responses[0]
+		c.responses = c.responses[1:]
+	}
+	return &edition.ToolResult{Content: []edition.ContentBlock{{Type: "text", Text: response}}}, nil
+}
+
+func (c *fileCommentTestCaller) Format() string { return "json" }
+func (c *fileCommentTestCaller) DryRun() bool   { return c.dryRun }
+func (c *fileCommentTestCaller) Fields() string { return "" }
+func (c *fileCommentTestCaller) JQ() string     { return "" }
+
+func executeFileCommentCommand(t *testing.T, caller *fileCommentTestCaller, stdin string, args ...string) ([]byte, error) {
+	t.Helper()
+	testseam.Protect(t, &deps)
+	InitDeps(caller)
+	var stdout bytes.Buffer
+	deps.Out.w = &stdout
+	deps.Out.errW = io.Discard
+
+	root := &cobra.Command{Use: "dws", SilenceErrors: true, SilenceUsage: true}
+	root.SetOut(&stdout)
+	root.SetErr(io.Discard)
+	root.SetIn(strings.NewReader(stdin))
+	root.PersistentFlags().Bool("yes", false, "")
+	root.PersistentFlags().Bool("dry-run", false, "")
+	root.PersistentFlags().String("format", "json", "")
+	drive := &cobra.Command{Use: "drive"}
+	drive.AddCommand(newDriveFileCommentCmd())
+	root.AddCommand(drive)
+	var setOutput func(*cobra.Command)
+	setOutput = func(command *cobra.Command) {
+		command.SetOut(&stdout)
+		command.SetErr(io.Discard)
+		for _, child := range command.Commands() {
+			setOutput(child)
+		}
+	}
+	setOutput(root)
+	root.SetArgs(args)
+	err := root.Execute()
+	return stdout.Bytes(), err
+}
+
+func decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t *testing.T, raw []byte) map[string]any {
+	t.Helper()
+	var payload map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &payload); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode output %q: %v", raw, err)
+	}
+	return payload
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentListMapsFiltersAndProjects(t *testing.T) {
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"result": {
+			"fileId": "resolved-file",
+			"total": 2,
+			"count": 2,
+			"hasMore": false,
+			"nextToken": null,
+			"items": [
+				{
+					"commentId": "101",
+					"parentCommentId": null,
+					"content": "whole",
+					"creatorId": "user-1",
+					"creatorName": "Alice",
+					"creatorAvatar": "https://avatar/1",
+					"createdAt": 1785920000000,
+					"updatedAt": 1785920000100,
+					"commentCustomType": "common",
+					"anchor": {"version":"v1","surface":"file","scope":"whole"}
+				},
+				{
+					"commentId": "102",
+					"content": "partial",
+					"commentCustomType": "highlight",
+					"options": {"page":"1"},
+					"anchor": {"version":"v1","surface":"file","scope":"partial","selector":{"kind":"legacy-highlight"}}
+				}
+			]
+		}
+	}`}}
+
+	out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+		"drive", "comment", "list",
+		"--node", "https://alidocs.dingtalk.com/i/drive/file",
+		"--space-id", "123", "--limit", "20", "--scope", "whole",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(caller.calls) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("calls = %#v", caller.calls)
+	}
+	call := caller.calls[0]
+	if call.server != fileCommentServer || call.tool != listFileCommentsTool {
+		t.Fatalf("target = %s/%s", call.server, call.tool)
+	}
+	wantArgs := map[string]any{
+		"fileId":     "https://alidocs.dingtalk.com/i/drive/file",
+		"spaceId":    "123",
+		"maxResults": 20,
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(call.args, wantArgs) {
+		t.Fatalf("args = %#v, want %#v", call.args, wantArgs)
+	}
+
+	payload := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, out)
+	if payload["nodeId"] != "resolved-file" || payload["total"] != float64(2) ||
+		payload["count"] != float64(1) || payload["complete"] != true || payload["scope"] != "whole" {
+		t.Fatalf("list output = %#v", payload)
+	}
+	if payload["nextCursor"] != nil || payload["hasMore"] != false {
+		t.Fatalf("pagination output = %#v", payload)
+	}
+	comments := payload["comments"].([]any)
+	comment := comments[0].(map[string]any)
+	if comment["commentId"] != "101" || comment["customType"] != "common" {
+		t.Fatalf("comment projection = %#v", comment)
+	}
+	creator := comment["creator"].(map[string]any)
+	if creator["userId"] != "user-1" || creator["name"] != "Alice" || creator["avatar"] != "https://avatar/1" {
+		t.Fatalf("creator projection = %#v", creator)
+	}
+	if _, leaked := comment["creatorId"]; leaked {
+		t.Fatalf("raw creator fields leaked: %#v", comment)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentListKeepsEmptyCommentsAsArray(t *testing.T) {
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"count":0,"hasMore":false,"nextToken":null,"items":[]
+	}`}}
+
+	out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+		"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	payload := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, out)
+	comments, ok := payload["comments"].([]any)
+	if !ok || len(comments) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("comments = %#v, want an empty JSON array", payload["comments"])
+	}
+	if payload["total"] != float64(0) || payload["count"] != float64(0) ||
+		payload["hasMore"] != false || payload["complete"] != true || payload["nextCursor"] != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("empty list output = %#v", payload)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentListAllAggregatesPages(t *testing.T) {
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{
+		`{"fileId":"file-1","total":3,"count":2,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"2","items":[
+			{"commentId":"1","anchor":{"scope":"whole"}},
+			{"commentId":"2","anchor":{"scope":"partial"}}
+		]}`,
+		`{"fileId":"file-1","total":3,"count":1,"hasMore":false,"nextToken":null,"items":[
+			{"commentId":"3","anchor":{"scope":"partial"}}
+		]}`,
+	}}
+
+	out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+		"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1", "--all", "--scope", "partial",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(caller.calls) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("calls = %#v", caller.calls)
+	}
+	if caller.calls[0].args["maxResults"] != fileCommentMaxPageSize {
+		t.Fatalf("first args = %#v", caller.calls[0].args)
+	}
+	if _, ok := caller.calls[0].args["nextToken"]; ok {
+		t.Fatalf("first page unexpectedly has cursor: %#v", caller.calls[0].args)
+	}
+	if caller.calls[1].args["nextToken"] != "2" {
+		t.Fatalf("second args = %#v", caller.calls[1].args)
+	}
+	for _, call := range caller.calls {
+		if _, ok := call.args["all"]; ok {
+			t.Fatalf("local --all leaked to MCP: %#v", call.args)
+		}
+		if _, ok := call.args["scope"]; ok {
+			t.Fatalf("local --scope leaked to MCP: %#v", call.args)
+		}
+	}
+
+	payload := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, out)
+	if payload["total"] != float64(3) || payload["count"] != float64(2) ||
+		payload["hasMore"] != false || payload["complete"] != true || payload["nextCursor"] != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("aggregate output = %#v", payload)
+	}
+	comments := payload["comments"].([]any)
+	if comments[0].(map[string]any)["commentId"] != "2" || comments[1].(map[string]any)["commentId"] != "3" {
+		t.Fatalf("scope-filtered comments = %#v", comments)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentListRejectsPaginationAnomalies(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		args     []string
+		response string
+		message  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "missing cursor",
+			args:     []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1", "--all"},
+			response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":1,"count":1,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":null,"items":[]}`,
+			message:  "nextCursor 为空",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "stalled cursor",
+			args:     []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1", "--cursor", "2"},
+			response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":2,"count":1,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"2","items":[]}`,
+			message:  "游标未前进",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "invalid server cursor",
+			args:     []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1"},
+			response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":2,"count":1,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"next","items":[]}`,
+			message:  "不是非负数字游标",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{tt.response}}
+			_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", tt.args...)
+			var cliErr *CLIError
+			if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeContentTruncated || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, tt.message) {
+				t.Fatalf("error = %#v", err)
+			}
+			if len(caller.calls) != 1 {
+				t.Fatalf("calls = %#v", caller.calls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentListValidatesLocalParameters(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+	}{
+		{"all with cursor", []string{"--all", "--cursor", "1"}},
+		{"all with limit", []string{"--all", "--limit", "20"}},
+		{"zero limit", []string{"--limit", "0"}},
+		{"large limit", []string{"--page-size", "201"}},
+		{"nonnumeric cursor", []string{"--cursor", "next"}},
+		{"overflow cursor", []string{"--cursor", "999999999999999999999999999999"}},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{}
+			args := []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1"}
+			args = append(args, tt.args...)
+			if _, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", args...); err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("invalid arguments unexpectedly succeeded")
+			}
+			if len(caller.calls) != 0 {
+				t.Fatalf("invalid arguments reached MCP: %#v", caller.calls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentNumericNodeRequiresSpaceIDForListAndCreateAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "list id alias",
+			args: []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--id", "231773999335"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "create file-id alias",
+			args: []string{"drive", "comment", "create", "--file-id", "231773999335", "--content", "test", "--yes"},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{}
+			_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", tt.args...)
+			var cliErr *CLIError
+			if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeInvalidParam || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, "--space-id") {
+				t.Fatalf("error = %#v", err)
+			}
+			if len(caller.calls) != 0 {
+				t.Fatalf("numeric node without space-id reached MCP: %#v", caller.calls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"fileId":"resolved-file","total":0,"count":0,"hasMore":false,"nextToken":null,"items":[]
+	}`}}
+	if _, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+		"drive", "comment", "list", "--url", "231773999335", "--space-id", "2402756201",
+	); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(caller.calls) != 1 || caller.calls[0].args["fileId"] != "231773999335" || caller.calls[0].args["spaceId"] != "2402756201" {
+		t.Fatalf("numeric node with space-id args = %#v", caller.calls)
+	}
+	if allASCIIDigits("") {
+		t.Fatal("empty string unexpectedly accepted as numeric")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentCreateValidatesMapsAndProjects(t *testing.T) {
+	validContent := strings.Repeat("a", fileCommentMaxContentLength)
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{"result":{"fileId":"resolved-file","comment":{
+		"commentId":"912345","parentCommentId":null,"content":"created","creatorId":"user-1",
+		"createdAt":1785920000000,"commentCustomType":"common",
+		"anchor":{"version":"v1","surface":"file","scope":"whole","selector":null}
+	}}}`}}
+	out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+		"drive", "comment", "create", "--node", "file-1", "--space-id", "123",
+		"--content", validContent, "--yes",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(caller.calls) != 1 || caller.calls[0].server != fileCommentServer || caller.calls[0].tool != createFileCommentTool {
+		t.Fatalf("calls = %#v", caller.calls)
+	}
+	wantArgs := map[string]any{"fileId": "file-1", "spaceId": "123", "content": validContent}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(caller.calls[0].args, wantArgs) {
+		t.Fatalf("args = %#v, want %#v", caller.calls[0].args, wantArgs)
+	}
+	payload := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, out)
+	if payload["nodeId"] != "resolved-file" || payload["commentId"] != "912345" ||
+		payload["content"] != "created" || payload["customType"] != "common" {
+		t.Fatalf("create output = %#v", payload)
+	}
+	if _, nested := payload["comment"]; nested {
+		t.Fatalf("create output was not flattened: %#v", payload)
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name    string
+		content string
+	}{
+		{"blank", "  \t"},
+		{"ascii over limit", strings.Repeat("a", fileCommentMaxContentLength+1)},
+		{"utf16 over limit", strings.Repeat("😀", 1050)},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			invalidCaller := &fileCommentTestCaller{}
+			_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, invalidCaller, "",
+				"drive", "comment", "create", "--node", "file-1", "--content", tc.content, "--yes",
+			)
+			if err == nil {
+				t.Fatal("invalid content unexpectedly succeeded")
+			}
+			if len(invalidCaller.calls) != 0 {
+				t.Fatalf("invalid content reached MCP: %#v", invalidCaller.calls)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentCreatePublishesAndEnforcesConfirmation(t *testing.T) {
+	group := newDriveFileCommentCmd()
+	create, remaining, err := group.Find([]string{"create"})
+	if err != nil || len(remaining) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("find create: remaining=%v err=%v", remaining, err)
+	}
+	final, ok := contractfinal.RuntimeContractFinal(create)
+	if !ok || final.Safety == nil {
+		t.Fatal("create command is missing ContractFinal Safety")
+	}
+	if safety := *final.Safety; safety.Effect != "write" || safety.Risk != "medium" ||
+		safety.Confirmation != "user_required" || safety.Idempotency != "unknown" {
+		t.Fatalf("create safety = %#v", safety)
+	}
+
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{}
+	_, err = executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+		"drive", "comment", "create", "--node", "file-1", "--content", "需要确认",
+	)
+	var appErr *apperrors.Error
+	if !errors.As(err, &appErr) || appErr.Reason != "confirmation_required" {
+		t.Fatalf("closed-stdin error = %#v", err)
+	}
+	if len(caller.calls) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("unconfirmed create reached MCP: %#v", caller.calls)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentRejectsMalformedResponseInsteadOfReturningEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{"result":{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":false}}`}}
+	_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1")
+	var cliErr *CLIError
+	if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeMCPToolError || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, "缺少 items") {
+		t.Fatalf("error = %#v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentDryRunAndCallErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+		tool string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "list dry run",
+			args: []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1"},
+			tool: listFileCommentsTool,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "create dry run",
+			args: []string{"drive", "comment", "create", "--node", "file-1", "--content", "test", "--yes"},
+			tool: createFileCommentTool,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{dryRun: true}
+			out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", tt.args...)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if len(caller.calls) != 0 || !strings.Contains(string(out), `"tool": "`+tt.tool+`"`) {
+				t.Fatalf("calls = %#v, output = %s", caller.calls, out)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	sentinel := errors.New("mcp unavailable")
+	for _, tt := range []struct {
+		name string
+		args []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "list call error",
+			args: []string{"drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1", "--all"},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "create call error",
+			args: []string{"drive", "comment", "create", "--node", "file-1", "--content", "test", "--yes"},
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{err: sentinel}
+			_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", tt.args...)
+			if !errors.Is(err, sentinel) {
+				t.Fatalf("error = %#v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentListResponseValidationBranches(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		response string
+		message  string
+	}{
+		{name: "empty", response: "", message: "返回为空"},
+		{name: "invalid json", response: "{", message: "不是有效 JSON"},
+		{name: "missing file id", response: `{}`, message: "缺少 fileId"},
+		{name: "missing total", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","hasMore":false,"items":[]}`, message: "缺少 total"},
+		{name: "missing has more", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"items":[]}`, message: "缺少布尔字段 hasMore"},
+		{name: "next token type", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":1,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":2,"items":[]}`, message: "nextToken 不是字符串"},
+		{name: "items type", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":false,"items":{}}`, message: "items 不是数组"},
+		{name: "item type", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":1,"hasMore":false,"items":[1]}`, message: "items[0] 不是对象"},
+		{name: "missing comment id", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":1,"hasMore":false,"items":[{"anchor":{}}]}`, message: "缺少 commentId"},
+		{name: "missing anchor", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","total":1,"hasMore":false,"items":[{"commentId":"1"}]}`, message: "缺少 anchor 对象"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{tt.response}}
+			_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1")
+			var cliErr *CLIError
+			if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeMCPToolError || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, tt.message) {
+				t.Fatalf("error = %#v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"data":{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":false,"nextToken":null,"items":null}
+	}`}}
+	out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if comments := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, out)["comments"].([]any); len(comments) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("comments = %#v", comments)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentCreateResponseValidationBranches(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		response string
+		message  string
+	}{
+		{name: "invalid json", response: "{", message: "不是有效 JSON"},
+		{name: "missing file id", response: `{"comment":{"commentId":"1","anchor":{}}}`, message: "缺少 fileId"},
+		{name: "missing comment", response: `{"fileId":"file-1"}`, message: "缺少 comment 对象"},
+		{name: "missing comment id", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","comment":{"anchor":{}}}`, message: "缺少 commentId"},
+		{name: "missing anchor", response: `{"fileId":"file-1","comment":{"commentId":"1"}}`, message: "缺少 anchor 对象"},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{tt.response}}
+			_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, caller, "",
+				"drive", "comment", "create", "--node", "file-1", "--content", "test", "--yes",
+			)
+			var cliErr *CLIError
+			if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeMCPToolError || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, tt.message) {
+				t.Fatalf("error = %#v", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentPaginationCycleLimitAndPartialPage(t *testing.T) {
+	cycleCaller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{
+		`{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"2","items":[]}`,
+		`{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"3","items":[]}`,
+		`{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"2","items":[]}`,
+	}}
+	_, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, cycleCaller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1", "--all")
+	var cliErr *CLIError
+	if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeContentTruncated || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, "发生循环") {
+		t.Fatalf("cycle error = %#v", err)
+	}
+
+	limitResponses := make([]string, 0, fileCommentMaxAutoPages)
+	for index := 0; index < fileCommentMaxAutoPages; index++ {
+		limitResponses = append(limitResponses, fmt.Sprintf(
+			`{"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"%d","items":[]}`,
+			index+1,
+		))
+	}
+	limitCaller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: limitResponses}
+	_, err = executeFileCommentCommand(t, limitCaller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1", "--all")
+	if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeContentTruncated || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, "10 页上限") {
+		t.Fatalf("page limit error = %#v", err)
+	}
+
+	partialCaller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"fileId":"file-1","total":1,"hasMore":true,"nextToken":"2",
+		"items":[{"commentId":"1","anchor":{"scope":"whole"}}]
+	}`}}
+	out, err := executeFileCommentCommand(t, partialCaller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	payload := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, out)
+	if payload["nextCursor"] != "2" || payload["complete"] != false || payload["hasMore"] != true {
+		t.Fatalf("partial page = %#v", payload)
+	}
+
+	overflowCaller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":true,
+		"nextToken":"999999999999999999999999999999","items":[]
+	}`}}
+	_, err = executeFileCommentCommand(t, overflowCaller, "", "drive", "comment", "list", "--node", "file-1")
+	if !errors.As(err, &cliErr) || cliErr.Code != CodeContentTruncated || !strings.Contains(cliErr.Message, "超出 64 位整数范围") {
+		t.Fatalf("overflow cursor error = %#v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDriveFileCommentInternalDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	caller := &fileCommentTestCaller{responses: []string{`{
+		"fileId":"file-1","total":0,"hasMore":false,"nextToken":null,"items":[]
+	}`}}
+	testseam.Protect(t, &deps)
+	InitDeps(caller)
+	var stdout bytes.Buffer
+	cmd := &cobra.Command{Use: "list"}
+	cmd.SetOut(&stdout)
+	if err := runFileCommentList(cmd, listFileCommentsTool, map[string]any{"fileId": "file-1", "maxResults": 200}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	payload := decodeFileCommentTestOutput(t, stdout.Bytes())
+	if payload["scope"] != "all" {
+		t.Fatalf("scope = %#v", payload["scope"])
+	}
+	if comments := fileCommentListPayload(fileCommentPage{}, "all")["comments"].([]map[string]any); len(comments) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("nil comments projection = %#v", comments)
+	}
+}

internal/shortcut/builtin/drive_semantic_catalog_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package builtin_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/output"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/shortcut"
+)
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageDriveSemanticCatalogExactlyCoversRegisteredSurface(t *testing.T) {
+	raw, err := os.ReadFile("../semantic_catalog_drive.json")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var source chatSemanticCatalogFixture
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &source); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if source.Service != "drive" {
+		t.Fatalf("semantic catalog service = %q", source.Service)
+	}
+	registered := map[string]shortcut.Shortcut{}
+	for _, item := range shortcut.All() {
+		if item.Service != "drive" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, duplicate := registered[item.Command]; duplicate {
+			t.Fatalf("duplicate registered Drive Shortcut %s", item.Command)
+		}
+		registered[item.Command] = item
+	}
+	if len(registered) != 29 || len(source.Shortcuts) != 29 {
+		t.Fatalf("registered/catalog = %d/%d, want 29/29", len(registered), len(source.Shortcuts))
+	}
+	var missing, stale []string
+	for command, item := range registered {
+		record, ok := source.Shortcuts[command]
+		if !ok {
+			missing = append(missing, command)
+			continue
+		}
+		if !record.Reviewed || !item.SemanticReviewed {
+			t.Errorf("%s: reviewed delivery mismatch", command)
+		}
+		if got := shortcut.InPublicCatalog("drive", command); got != record.Public || item.Hidden == record.Public {
+			t.Errorf("%s: public/hidden mismatch: catalog=%v runtimeHidden=%v", command, record.Public, item.Hidden)
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(record.SemanticDelta) == "" || item.SemanticDelta != record.SemanticDelta || item.Disposition != record.Disposition {
+			t.Errorf("%s: semantic catalog facts drifted", command)
+		}
+		if item.Risk != record.Risk {
+			t.Errorf("%s: risk = %q, want %q", command, item.Risk, record.Risk)
+		}
+		if item.Contract.Empty() || strings.TrimSpace(item.Safety.Effect) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(item.Safety.Confirmation) == "" {
+			t.Errorf("%s: incomplete explicit contract/safety", command)
+		}
+		if command != "+find-file" && record.Public {
+			if item.OutputRollout != output.RolloutUnifiedActive {
+				t.Errorf("%s: output rollout = %q", command, item.OutputRollout)
+			}
+			if item.Contract.Result == nil {
+				t.Errorf("%s: public Drive shortcut lacks Result declaration", command)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for command := range source.Shortcuts {
+		if _, ok := registered[command]; !ok {
+			stale = append(stale, command)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(missing)
+	sort.Strings(stale)
+	if len(missing) > 0 || len(stale) > 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("semantic catalog mismatch: missing=%v stale=%v", missing, stale)
+	}
+}

internal/shortcut/chat/gap_fill_test.go

@@ -1049,14 +1049,6 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesSendCardDryRunAndFailureBoundaries(t *test
 			},
 			wantError: "biz-preserved",
 		},
-		{
-			name: "unverified update preserves id",
-			fake: &larkAlignmentCaller{responses: map[string]string{
-				"im/create_and_send_card":  `{"bizId":"biz-unverified"}`,
-				"im/update_streaming_card": `{"success":true,"errorCode":null}`,
-			}},
-			wantError: "biz-unverified",
-		},
 	} {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			helpers.InitDeps(tc.fake)
@@ -1074,6 +1066,27 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesSendCardDryRunAndFailureBoundaries(t *test
 		})
 	}
 
+	t.Run("success acknowledgement completes composite update", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fake := &larkAlignmentCaller{responses: map[string]string{
+			"im/create_and_send_card":  `{"bizId":"biz-acknowledged"}`,
+			"im/update_streaming_card": `{"success":true,"errorCode":null}`,
+		}}
+		helpers.InitDeps(fake)
+		root := newPlatformCoverageRoot()
+		root.SetArgs([]string{
+			"chat", "+messages-send-card",
+			"--group", "cid",
+			"--content", "完成",
+			"--yes",
+		})
+		if err := root.Execute(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if len(fake.calls) != 2 || fake.calls[1].tool != "update_streaming_card" {
+			t.Fatalf("calls = %#v", fake.calls)
+		}
+	})
+
 	for _, args := range [][]string{
 		{"--group", "cid", "--content", "x", "--flow-status", "6"},
 		{"--group", "cid", "--flow-status", "2"},
@@ -1091,7 +1104,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesSendCardDryRunAndFailureBoundaries(t *test
 	}
 }
 
-func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesUpdateCardRejectsFalseSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesUpdateCardVerifiesSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("agent shortcut owns confirmation boundary", func(t *testing.T) {
 		fake := &larkAlignmentCaller{responses: map[string]string{
 			"im/update_streaming_card": `{"result":{"bizId":"biz-confirm","updated":true}}`,
@@ -1115,7 +1128,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesUpdateCardRejectsFalseSuccess(t *testing.T
 		}
 	})
 
-	t.Run("generic success is unverified", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("success acknowledgement is verified", func(t *testing.T) {
 		fake := &larkAlignmentCaller{responses: map[string]string{
 			"im/update_streaming_card": `{"success":true,"errorCode":null}`,
 		}}
@@ -1128,10 +1141,8 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMessagesUpdateCardRejectsFalseSuccess(t *testing.T
 			"--flow-status", "3",
 			"--yes",
 		})
-		err := root.Execute()
-		var typed *apperrors.Error
-		if !errors.As(err, &typed) || typed.Reason != "streaming_card_update_unverified" {
-			t.Fatalf("error = %#v, want streaming_card_update_unverified", err)
+		if err := root.Execute(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
 		}
 		if len(fake.calls) != 1 || fake.calls[0].tool != "update_streaming_card" {
 			t.Fatalf("calls = %#v", fake.calls)

internal/shortcut/chatmsg/card_update.go

@@ -59,9 +59,8 @@ func isCardBizIDPlaceholder(value string) bool {
 }
 
 // VerifyStreamingCardUpdate requires affirmative evidence that the requested
-// write took effect. A transport-level {success:true,errorCode:null} only says
-// that the RPC returned normally and is deliberately not accepted as proof of
-// a card update.
+// write took effect. update_streaming_card may acknowledge an applied write
+// with success=true without returning an updated flag or affected count.
 func VerifyStreamingCardUpdate(requestedBizID string, response map[string]any) (string, error) {
 	requestedBizID = strings.TrimSpace(requestedBizID)
 	observation := cardUpdateObservation{bizIDs: map[string]struct{}{}}
@@ -132,6 +131,23 @@ func observeCardUpdateMap(value map[string]any, observation *cardUpdateObservati
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	errorCode, hasErrorCode := value["errorCode"]
+	errorCodeEmpty := hasErrorCode && cardUpdateErrorCodeEmpty(errorCode)
+	if hasErrorCode && !errorCodeEmpty {
+		setNegativeCardUpdateEvidence(observation, "errorCode=non-empty")
+	}
+	if success, ok := value["success"].(bool); ok {
+		if success {
+			// Record success=true only when the same response envelope explicitly
+			// includes its business-error field. A non-empty code is already
+			// negative evidence above, so the two signals reject the conflict.
+			if hasErrorCode {
+				setPositiveCardUpdateEvidence(observation, "success=true")
+			}
+		} else {
+			setNegativeCardUpdateEvidence(observation, "success=false")
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Only documented response envelopes are traversed. This prevents an
 	// unrelated extension field containing "updated":true from proving the
@@ -143,6 +159,14 @@ func observeCardUpdateMap(value map[string]any, observation *cardUpdateObservati
 	}
 }
 
+func cardUpdateErrorCodeEmpty(value any) bool {
+	if value == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	code, ok := value.(string)
+	return ok && strings.TrimSpace(code) == ""
+}
+
 func setPositiveCardUpdateEvidence(observation *cardUpdateObservation, evidence string) {
 	if observation.positiveEvidence == "" {
 		observation.positiveEvidence = evidence

internal/shortcut/chatmsg/card_update_test.go

@@ -62,7 +62,13 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageVerifyStreamingCardUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 		{name: "matching id", response: map[string]any{"result": map[string]any{"bizId": "biz-1", "applied": true}}, wantProof: "applied=true"},
 		{name: "conflicting evidence", response: map[string]any{"updated": true, "applied": false}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateUnverified},
 		{name: "zero affected", response: map[string]any{"affectedCount": 0}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateNotApplied},
-		{name: "false success has no write proof", response: map[string]any{"success": true, "errorCode": nil}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateUnverified},
+		{name: "success acknowledgement", response: map[string]any{"success": true, "errorCode": nil}, wantProof: "success=true"},
+		{name: "success acknowledgement with empty error code", response: map[string]any{"success": true, "errorCode": "  "}, wantProof: "success=true"},
+		{name: "success without explicit error code", response: map[string]any{"success": true}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateUnverified},
+		{name: "success conflicts with error code", response: map[string]any{"success": true, "errorCode": "InternalError"}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateUnverified},
+		{name: "success conflicts with numeric error code", response: map[string]any{"success": true, "errorCode": float64(500)}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateUnverified},
+		{name: "error code without success", response: map[string]any{"errorCode": "InternalError"}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateNotApplied},
+		{name: "failed acknowledgement", response: map[string]any{"success": false}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateNotApplied},
 		{name: "explicitly not updated", response: map[string]any{"result": map[string]any{"updated": false}}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateNotApplied},
 		{name: "mismatched id", response: map[string]any{"result": map[string]any{"bizId": "biz-2", "updated": true}}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateBizIDDrift},
 		{name: "unrelated extension ignored", response: map[string]any{"extension": map[string]any{"updated": true}}, wantErrIs: ErrCardUpdateUnverified},

internal/shortcut/drive/catalog_operations.go

@@ -0,0 +1,524 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package drive
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contract"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/helpers"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/shortcut"
+)
+
+var uploadDriveFile = helpers.UploadDriveFileData
+
+var driveRestoreWait = time.Sleep
+
+var (
+	driveGetwd        = os.Getwd
+	driveEvalSymlinks = filepath.EvalSymlinks
+	driveRel          = filepath.Rel
+	driveStat         = os.Stat
+)
+
+var RecycleList = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+recycle-list", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "严格分页列出钉盘回收站",
+	Intent:      "查找可恢复的回收项并获取 recycleItemId 时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+recycle-list", "严格分页列出钉盘回收站",
+		"查找可恢复的回收项并获取 recycleItemId 时使用。",
+		[]string{"恢复前必须先确认具体回收项；普通目录浏览使用 drive +list"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +recycle-list --limit 20`},
+		driveCollectionResult("items", "严格校验的回收站条目页"), driveCursorPagination(),
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "cursor", Property: "nextCursor"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "space-id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "钉盘空间 ID"},
+		{Name: "limit", Type: shortcut.FlagInt, Default: "20", Desc: "每页数量"},
+		{Name: "cursor", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "分页游标"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +recycle-list --limit 20`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		params := map[string]any{"maxResults": rt.Int("limit")}
+		if rt.Str("space-id") != "" {
+			params["spaceId"] = rt.Str("space-id")
+		}
+		if rt.Str("cursor") != "" {
+			params["nextCursor"] = rt.Str("cursor")
+		}
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "list_recycle_items", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/list_recycle_items", "recycleItems")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+			"recycleItemId": {"recycleItemId", "id"},
+			"originalName":  {"originalName", "name", "fileName", "title"},
+			"originalPath":  {"originalPath", "path"},
+			"type":          {"type", "fileType", "nodeType", "contentType"},
+			"deleteTime":    {"operatorTime", "deleteTime", "deletedTime", "recycleTime"},
+			"fileSize":      {"fileSize", "size"},
+		})
+		out := map[string]any{"count": len(rows), "items": rows}
+		addDrivePagination(out, page)
+		return rt.Output(out)
+	},
+}
+
+var RecycleRestore = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+recycle-restore", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "恢复已确认的回收站条目并读回节点",
+	Intent:      "已经通过 drive +recycle-list 确认回收项，并明确要求恢复时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "medium", Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "unknown"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+recycle-restore", "恢复已确认的回收站条目并读回节点",
+		"已经通过 drive +recycle-list 确认回收项，并明确要求恢复时使用。",
+		[]string{"尚未确认回收项时先列表；不要把原节点 ID 当 recycleItemId"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +recycle-restore --id <recycleItemId>`},
+		driveObjectResult("恢复并读回验证后的节点"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "id", Property: "recycleItemId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "回收项 ID", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +recycle-restore --id <recycleItemId>`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		recycleItem, err := findDriveRecycleItem(rt, rt.Str("id"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("drive", "restore_recycle_item", map[string]any{"recycleItemId": rt.Str("id")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err := requireDriveWrite(written, "drive/restore_recycle_item"); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		nodeID := nestedString(written, "fileId", "nodeId", "dentryUuid", "id")
+		if nodeID == "" {
+			nodeID, err = findRestoredDriveNode(rt, recycleItem)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": nodeID})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": nodeID, "file": verified})
+	},
+}
+
+func findDriveRecycleItem(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext, recycleItemID string) (map[string]any, error) {
+	params := map[string]any{"maxResults": 50}
+	for pageNumber := 0; pageNumber < 20; pageNumber++ {
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "list_recycle_items", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/list_recycle_items", "recycleItems")
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		for _, item := range items {
+			entry := item.(map[string]any)
+			if nestedString(entry, "recycleItemId", "id") == recycleItemID {
+				return entry, nil
+			}
+		}
+		nextCursor := nestedString(page, "nextCursor", "nextToken", "nextPageToken")
+		hasMore, hasMorePresent := boolField(page, "hasMore")
+		if nextCursor == "" || (hasMorePresent && !hasMore) {
+			break
+		}
+		params["nextCursor"] = nextCursor
+	}
+	return nil, driveResponseError("drive/list_recycle_items", "recycle_item_not_found", "回收站中没有找到指定 recycleItemId；未执行恢复")
+}
+
+func findRestoredDriveNode(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext, recycleItem map[string]any) (string, error) {
+	name := nestedString(recycleItem, "originalName", "name", "fileName", "title")
+	if name == "" {
+		return "", driveResponseError("drive/restore_recycle_item", "missing_restored_identity", "恢复响应没有节点 ID，且恢复前回收项没有名称，无法安全读回终态")
+	}
+	searchName := name
+	if extension := filepath.Ext(name); extension != "" {
+		searchName = strings.TrimSuffix(name, extension)
+	}
+	originalPath := nestedString(recycleItem, "originalPath", "path")
+	for attempt := 0; attempt < 4; attempt++ {
+		if attempt > 0 {
+			driveRestoreWait(750 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+		if originalPath != "" {
+			if nodeID, found, err := findRestoredDriveNodeAtOriginalPath(rt, originalPath, name); err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			} else if found {
+				return nodeID, nil
+			}
+		}
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "search_files", map[string]any{"keyword": searchName, "pageSize": 30})
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		items, _, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/search_files", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "list")
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		candidates := make([]string, 0, 1)
+		for _, item := range items {
+			entry := item.(map[string]any)
+			entryName := nestedString(entry, "name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title")
+			entryExtension := strings.TrimPrefix(nestedString(entry, "extension", "fileExtension", "ext"), ".")
+			fullEntryName := entryName
+			if entryExtension != "" && filepath.Ext(entryName) == "" {
+				fullEntryName += "." + entryExtension
+			}
+			if entryName != name && fullEntryName != name && entryName != searchName {
+				continue
+			}
+			if originalPath != "" {
+				path := nestedString(entry, "path", "originalPath")
+				if path != "" && path != originalPath {
+					continue
+				}
+			}
+			if id := nestedString(entry, "fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id"); id != "" {
+				candidates = append(candidates, id)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(candidates) == 1 {
+			return candidates[0], nil
+		}
+		if len(candidates) > 1 {
+			return "", driveResponseError("drive/restore_recycle_item", "restored_node_ambiguous", "服务端已接受恢复，但按原名称找到多个节点，无法唯一确认恢复终态；请用 +list 核对")
+		}
+	}
+	return "", driveResponseError("drive/restore_recycle_item", "restored_node_not_found", "服务端已接受恢复，但没有返回节点 ID，且在有界等待后仍按原名称搜索不到恢复后的节点；远端效果未知，请先用 +list 确认")
+}
+
+func findRestoredDriveNodeAtOriginalPath(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext, originalPath, name string) (string, bool, error) {
+	parentName := filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(originalPath))
+	if parentName == "." || parentName == string(filepath.Separator) || parentName == "" {
+		return "", false, nil
+	}
+	data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "search_files", map[string]any{"keyword": parentName, "pageSize": 30})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false, err
+	}
+	items, _, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/search_files", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "list")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false, err
+	}
+	parentIDs := make([]string, 0, 1)
+	for _, item := range items {
+		entry := item.(map[string]any)
+		if nestedString(entry, "name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title") != parentName {
+			continue
+		}
+		if id := nestedString(entry, "fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id"); id != "" {
+			parentIDs = append(parentIDs, id)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(parentIDs) != 1 {
+		return "", false, nil
+	}
+	data, err = rt.CallMCPData("drive", "list_files", map[string]any{"parentId": parentIDs[0], "maxResults": 50})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false, err
+	}
+	items, _, err = requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/list_files", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "list")
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false, err
+	}
+	var nodeID string
+	for _, item := range items {
+		entry := item.(map[string]any)
+		if nestedString(entry, "name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title") != name {
+			continue
+		}
+		if nodeID != "" {
+			return "", false, driveResponseError("drive/list_files", "restored_node_ambiguous", "恢复后的原目录中存在多个同名节点，无法唯一确认终态")
+		}
+		nodeID = nestedString(entry, "fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id")
+	}
+	return nodeID, nodeID != "", nil
+}
+
+var StarList = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+star-list", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "严格分页列出当前用户收藏",
+	Intent:      "浏览当前用户收藏并获取后续可操作节点 ID 时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+star-list", "严格分页列出当前用户收藏",
+		"浏览当前用户收藏并获取后续可操作节点 ID 时使用。",
+		[]string{"最近访问使用 drive +recent；目录浏览使用 drive +list"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +star-list --limit 20`},
+		driveCollectionResult("items", "严格校验的收藏条目页"), driveCursorPagination(),
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "cursor", Property: "cursor"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "limit", Type: shortcut.FlagInt, Default: "20", Desc: "每页数量"},
+		{Name: "cursor", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "分页游标"},
+		{Name: "content-types", Type: shortcut.FlagStringSlice, Desc: "内容类型过滤"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +star-list --limit 20`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		params := map[string]any{"limit": rt.Int("limit")}
+		if rt.Str("cursor") != "" {
+			params["cursor"] = rt.Str("cursor")
+		}
+		if values := rt.StrSlice("content-types"); len(values) > 0 {
+			params["contentTypes"] = values
+		}
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_star_list", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/get_star_list", "starList")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+			"nodeId":     {"nodeId", "fileId", "dentryUuid", "id"},
+			"name":       {"name", "fileName", "title"},
+			"type":       {"type", "contentType", "nodeType"},
+			"createTime": {"createTime", "starTime"},
+		})
+		out := map[string]any{"count": len(rows), "items": rows}
+		addDrivePagination(out, page)
+		return rt.Output(out)
+	},
+}
+
+var StarAdd = starMutationShortcut("+star-add", "收藏指定节点", "mark_star", "将指定文件或文档加入当前用户收藏。")
+var StarRemove = starMutationShortcut("+star-remove", "取消收藏指定节点", "unmark_star", "将指定文件或文档从当前用户收藏移除。")
+
+func starMutationShortcut(command, description, tool, useWhen string) shortcut.Shortcut {
+	return shortcut.Shortcut{
+		Service: "drive", Command: command, Product: "drive", Description: description, Intent: useWhen,
+		Risk: shortcut.RiskWrite, Safety: contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+		Contract: driveContract(command, description, useWhen,
+			[]string{"查看收藏状态和列表使用 drive +star-list"},
+			[]string{fmt.Sprintf("dws drive %s --node <dentryUuid>", command)},
+			driveObjectResult(description+"的终态证据"), nil, contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"}),
+		Flags: []shortcut.Flag{{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "节点 ID", Required: true}},
+		Tips:  []string{fmt.Sprintf("dws drive %s --node <dentryUuid>", command)},
+		Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+			written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("drive", tool, map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node")})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			written, err = requireDriveWrite(written, "drive/"+tool)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "result": written})
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+var PublishGet = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+publish-get", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "查询文件互联网公开状态",
+	Intent:      "查询文件当前互联网公开状态和权限时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+publish-get", "查询文件互联网公开状态", "查询文件当前互联网公开状态和权限时使用。",
+		[]string{"开启或关闭公开分别使用 drive +publish-set / +publish-unset"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +publish-get --node <dentryUuid>`}, driveObjectResult("互联网公开状态"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "fileId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "文件 ID", Required: true}},
+	Tips:  []string{`dws drive +publish-get --node <dentryUuid>`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_publish_status", map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err = requireDriveObject(data, "drive/get_file_publish_status")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(data)
+	},
+}
+
+var PublishSet = publishMutationShortcut("+publish-set", true)
+var PublishUnset = publishMutationShortcut("+publish-unset", false)
+
+func publishMutationShortcut(command string, published bool) shortcut.Shortcut {
+	description := "开启文件互联网公开发布"
+	useWhen := "用户明确同意任何持链接者可访问，并已确认公开权限时使用。"
+	if !published {
+		description = "关闭文件互联网公开发布"
+		useWhen = "用户明确要求让现有互联网公开链接失效时使用。"
+	}
+	flags := []shortcut.Flag{{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "文件 ID", Required: true}}
+	if published {
+		flags = append(flags, shortcut.Flag{Name: "permission", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Default: "DOWNLOADER", Desc: "公开权限", Enum: []string{"READER", "DOWNLOADER", "EDITOR"}})
+	}
+	return shortcut.Shortcut{
+		Service: "drive", Command: command, Product: "drive", Description: description, Intent: useWhen,
+		Risk: shortcut.RiskHighWrite, Safety: contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "high", Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "unknown"},
+		Contract: driveContract(command, description, useWhen,
+			[]string{"只查询状态使用 drive +publish-get；企业内部协作者权限使用 doc +access-grant"},
+			[]string{fmt.Sprintf("dws drive %s --node <dentryUuid>", command)},
+			driveObjectResult(description+"并读回验证的状态"), nil, contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "fileId"}),
+		Flags: flags,
+		Tips:  []string{fmt.Sprintf("dws drive %s --node <dentryUuid>", command)},
+		Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+			params := map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node"), "published": published}
+			if published {
+				params["publishPermission"] = rt.Str("permission")
+			}
+			written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("drive", "set_file_publish", params)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if _, err := requireDriveWrite(written, "drive/set_file_publish"); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_publish_status", map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node")})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_publish_status")
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			actual, ok := boolField(verified, "published", "isPublished", "publish")
+			if !ok || actual != published {
+				return driveResponseError("drive/set_file_publish", "readback_mismatch", "公开状态写入后读回不一致")
+			}
+			return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "publish": verified})
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func boolField(data map[string]any, keys ...string) (bool, bool) {
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		if value, ok := data[key].(bool); ok {
+			return value, true
+		}
+	}
+	return false, false
+}
+
+var Upload = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+upload", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "从工作目录上传本地文件并读回验证",
+	Intent:      "把工作目录内普通文件上传到钉盘，并要求验证远端文件 ID、名称和大小时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "medium", Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "unknown"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+upload", "从工作目录上传本地文件并读回验证",
+		"把工作目录内普通文件上传到钉盘，并要求验证远端文件 ID、名称和大小时使用。",
+		[]string{"在线文档导入转换使用 doc +import；作为正文附件使用 doc +media-insert；覆盖已有文件必须显式 --node"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +upload --file report.pdf`, `dws drive +upload --file report.pdf --folder <dentryUuid>`},
+		driveObjectResult("上传并读回验证后的远端文件"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "folder", Property: "parentId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "overwriteFileId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "file", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "工作目录内的相对文件路径", Required: true},
+		{Name: "file-name", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "远端显示名称，默认使用本地文件名"},
+		{Name: "mime-type", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "MIME 类型"},
+		{Name: "space-id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "钉盘空间 ID"},
+		{Name: "folder", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "父文件夹 ID"},
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "覆盖目标文件 ID"},
+	},
+	Constraints: []shortcut.Constraint{{Kind: shortcut.ConstraintMutuallyExclusive, Flags: []string{"folder", "node"}}},
+	Tips:        []string{`dws drive +upload --file report.pdf`, `dws drive +upload --file report.pdf --folder <dentryUuid>`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		path, info, err := resolveDriveUploadInput(rt.Str("file"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		name := rt.Str("file-name")
+		if name == "" {
+			name = info.Name()
+		}
+		if rt.DryRun() {
+			return rt.Output(map[string]any{"dry_run": true, "executed": false, "operation": "drive.upload", "file": rt.Str("file"), "fileName": name, "sizeBytes": info.Size()})
+		}
+		committed, err := uploadDriveFile(rt.Command().Context(), helpers.DriveUploadRequest{
+			FilePath: path, FileName: name, FileSize: info.Size(), SpaceID: rt.Str("space-id"), ParentID: rt.Str("folder"), OverwriteFile: rt.Str("node"), MIMEType: rt.Str("mime-type"),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		committed, err = requireDriveWrite(committed, "drive/commit_upload")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		nodeID := rt.Str("node")
+		if nodeID == "" {
+			nodeID = nestedString(committed, "fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id")
+		}
+		if nodeID == "" {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/commit_upload", "missing_created_id", "上传提交没有返回文件 ID；远端效果未知")
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": nodeID})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if remoteName := firstString(verified, "name", "fileName"); remoteName == "" || !strings.HasPrefix(remoteName, strings.TrimSuffix(name, filepath.Ext(name))) {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/commit_upload", "readback_mismatch", fmt.Sprintf("上传后读回名称 %q 与请求 %q 不一致", remoteName, name))
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": nodeID, "sizeBytes": info.Size(), "file": verified})
+	},
+}
+
+func resolveDriveUploadInput(raw string) (string, os.FileInfo, error) {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(raw) == "" || filepath.IsAbs(raw) {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("--file 只接受工作目录内的相对文件路径")
+	}
+	cwd, err := driveGetwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	base, err := driveEvalSymlinks(cwd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	path, err := driveEvalSymlinks(filepath.Join(base, filepath.Clean(raw)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("读取上传文件失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	rel, err := driveRel(base, path)
+	if err != nil || rel == ".." || strings.HasPrefix(filepath.ToSlash(rel), "../") {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("--file 不能逃逸工作目录")
+	}
+	info, err := driveStat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	if info.IsDir() || info.Size() <= 0 {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("--file 必须是非空普通文件")
+	}
+	return path, info, nil
+}

internal/shortcut/drive/common.go

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package drive
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contract"
+	apperrors "github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/errors"
+)
+
+const driveCompositeInterfaceReason = "Reviewed Drive Shortcut composite: the executable CLI owns strict response validation, optional multi-step orchestration, local I/O, read-back verification, output projection, and confirmation; no single MCP interface represents the complete command contract."
+
+func driveContract(command, description, useWhen string, avoidWhen, examples []string, result *contract.ResultSpec, pagination *contract.PaginationSpec, params ...contract.ParamDecl) corecmd.ContractDecl {
+	name := "shortcut_" + strings.ReplaceAll(strings.TrimPrefix(command, "+"), "-", "_")
+	cliPath := "drive " + command
+	return corecmd.ContractDecl{
+		Description: description,
+		Parameters:  params,
+		Result:      result,
+		Pagination:  pagination,
+		Interface: &contract.InterfaceSpec{
+			Mode:         contract.InterfaceModeComposite,
+			Availability: contract.InterfaceAvailable,
+			Reason:       driveCompositeInterfaceReason,
+		},
+		Selection: contract.SelectionSpec{
+			AgentSummary: description,
+			UseWhen:      []string{useWhen},
+			AvoidWhen:    avoidWhen,
+			Examples:     examples,
+		},
+		Identity: contract.ToolIdentitySpec{
+			ProductID:      "drive",
+			Name:           name,
+			CanonicalPath:  "drive." + name,
+			CLIPath:        cliPath,
+			PrimaryCLIPath: cliPath,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func driveObjectResult(description string) *contract.ResultSpec {
+	return &contract.ResultSpec{
+		Outcomes: []contract.ResultOutcome{contract.ResultOutcomeSuccess},
+		DataSchema: json.RawMessage(fmt.Sprintf(
+			`{"type":"object","description":%q,"additionalProperties":true}`,
+			description,
+		)),
+	}
+}
+
+func driveCollectionResult(collection, description string) *contract.ResultSpec {
+	return &contract.ResultSpec{
+		Outcomes: []contract.ResultOutcome{contract.ResultOutcomeSuccess},
+		DataSchema: json.RawMessage(fmt.Sprintf(
+			`{"type":"object","description":%q,"properties":{"count":{"type":"integer","description":"本页有效结果数量"},%q:{"type":"array","description":%q,"items":{"type":"object","description":"Drive 资源条目","additionalProperties":true}},"nextCursor":{"type":"string","description":"下一页游标"},"hasMore":{"type":"boolean","description":"服务端是否仍有下一页"}},"required":["count",%q],"additionalProperties":true}`,
+			description, collection, description, collection,
+		)),
+	}
+}
+
+func driveCursorPagination() *contract.PaginationSpec {
+	return &contract.PaginationSpec{
+		Kind:                  contract.PaginationKindCursor,
+		CursorParameter:       "cursor",
+		MetaPath:              contract.PaginationMetaPath,
+		EndpointExhaustedPath: contract.PaginationExhaustedPath,
+		NextTokenPath:         contract.PaginationNextTokenPath,
+	}
+}
+
+func requireDriveResponse(data map[string]any, operation string) (map[string]any, error) {
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "empty_tool_response", "服务返回空响应，无法证明操作成功")
+	}
+	if success, present := data["success"]; present {
+		value, ok := success.(bool)
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "malformed_success", "响应 success 字段不是布尔值")
+		}
+		if !value {
+			message := firstString(data, "errorMsg", "message", "error")
+			if message == "" {
+				message = "服务明确返回 success=false"
+			}
+			return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "remote_failure", message)
+		}
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func requireDriveObject(data map[string]any, operation string) (map[string]any, error) {
+	data, err := requireDriveResponse(data, operation)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if value, present := data["result"]; present {
+		result, ok := value.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok || len(result) == 0 {
+			return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "malformed_result", "响应 result 缺失有效对象")
+		}
+		return result, nil
+	}
+	if value, present := data["data"]; present {
+		result, ok := value.(map[string]any)
+		if !ok || len(result) == 0 {
+			return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "malformed_data", "响应 data 缺失有效对象")
+		}
+		return result, nil
+	}
+	if len(data) == 1 {
+		return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "missing_business_result", "响应没有可验证的业务对象")
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func requireDriveWrite(data map[string]any, operation string) (map[string]any, error) {
+	data, err := requireDriveResponse(data, operation)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	success, ok := data["success"].(bool)
+	if !ok || !success {
+		return nil, driveResponseError(operation, "missing_terminal_success", "写操作响应没有 success=true 终态证据")
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+func requireDriveCollection(data map[string]any, operation string, keys ...string) ([]any, map[string]any, error) {
+	data, err := requireDriveResponse(data, operation)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+	containers := []map[string]any{data}
+	for _, wrapper := range []string{"result", "data"} {
+		if value, present := data[wrapper]; present {
+			inner, ok := value.(map[string]any)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, nil, driveResponseError(operation, "malformed_envelope", fmt.Sprintf("响应 %s 字段不是对象", wrapper))
+			}
+			containers = append(containers, inner)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, container := range containers {
+		for _, key := range keys {
+			value, present := container[key]
+			if !present {
+				continue
+			}
+			items, ok := value.([]any)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, nil, driveResponseError(operation, "malformed_collection", fmt.Sprintf("响应 %s 字段不是数组", key))
+			}
+			for index, item := range items {
+				if _, ok := item.(map[string]any); !ok {
+					return nil, nil, driveResponseError(operation, "malformed_collection_item", fmt.Sprintf("响应 %s[%d] 不是对象", key, index))
+				}
+			}
+			return items, container, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, nil, driveResponseError(operation, "missing_collection", "响应缺少声明的业务数组；不能把缺字段投影成空结果")
+}
+
+func projectDriveRows(items []any, aliases map[string][]string) []map[string]any {
+	rows := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(items))
+	for _, item := range items {
+		source := item.(map[string]any)
+		row := make(map[string]any)
+		for canonical, candidates := range aliases {
+			for _, candidate := range candidates {
+				if value, ok := source[candidate]; ok && value != nil {
+					row[canonical] = value
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		rows = append(rows, row)
+	}
+	return rows
+}
+
+func addDrivePagination(out map[string]any, container map[string]any) {
+	for _, pair := range [][2]string{{"nextCursor", "nextCursor"}, {"nextToken", "nextCursor"}, {"nextPageToken", "nextCursor"}, {"hasMore", "hasMore"}} {
+		if value, ok := container[pair[0]]; ok && value != nil {
+			out[pair[1]] = value
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func firstString(data map[string]any, keys ...string) string {
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		if value, ok := data[key].(string); ok && strings.TrimSpace(value) != "" {
+			return strings.TrimSpace(value)
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func nestedString(data map[string]any, keys ...string) string {
+	if value := firstString(data, keys...); value != "" {
+		return value
+	}
+	for _, wrapper := range []string{"result", "data"} {
+		if inner, ok := data[wrapper].(map[string]any); ok {
+			if value := firstString(inner, keys...); value != "" {
+				return value
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func driveResponseError(operation, reason, message string) error {
+	return apperrors.NewAPI(message,
+		apperrors.WithOperation(operation),
+		apperrors.WithOrigin("mcp"),
+		apperrors.WithFailureStage("response_validation"),
+		apperrors.WithRetryable(false),
+		apperrors.WithReason(reason),
+	)
+}

internal/shortcut/drive/drive.go

@@ -20,11 +20,17 @@
 package drive
 
 import (
+	"strings"
+
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd"
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contract"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/localio"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/output"
 	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/shortcut"
 )
 
+var driveDownload = localio.Download
+
 // ── 钉盘文件（drive MCP server）────────────────────────────────
 
 // List → list_files
@@ -32,9 +38,20 @@ var List = shortcut.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "drive",
 	Command:     "+list",
 	Product:     "drive",
-	Description: "列出钉盘文件/文件夹",
-	Intent:      "当你想浏览钉盘某个空间或文件夹下有哪些文件和子文件夹、需要拿到文件的 dentryUuid 以便后续下载/移动/删除时使用；可指定 space-id、folder 逐层进入，支持分页和按创建/修改时间、名称排序，返回文件列表（含 ID、名称、类型等）。",
+	Description: "严格分页列出钉盘文件和文件夹",
+	Intent:      "浏览钉盘根目录或已知文件夹时使用；服务端明确空数组才表示空目录，缺字段、坏元素或空响应都会失败。",
 	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+list", "严格分页列出钉盘文件和文件夹",
+		"浏览钉盘根目录或已知文件夹时使用；服务端明确空数组才表示空目录，缺字段、坏元素或空响应都会失败。",
+		[]string{"按关键词定位文件改用 drive +search；查看单个节点详情改用 drive +inspect"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +list --limit 20`, `dws drive +list --folder <dentryUuid> --limit 20`},
+		driveCollectionResult("files", "严格校验并投影的钉盘目录页"), driveCursorPagination(),
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "space-id", Property: "spaceId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "folder", Property: "parentId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "cursor", Property: "nextToken"},
+	),
 	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
 		{Name: "space-id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "钉盘空间 ID (纯数字)，不传则使用「我的文件」"},
 		{Name: "folder", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "父节点 ID (dentryUuid)，不传则列出空间根目录"},
@@ -72,68 +89,23 @@ var List = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		files := listFilesProject(data)
-		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"count": len(files), "files": files})
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/list_files", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "list")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		files := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+			"name":     {"name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title"},
+			"type":     {"type", "dentryType", "fileType", "spaceType"},
+			"nodeId":   {"fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id"},
+			"dentryId": {"dentryId"},
+			"fileSize": {"fileSize", "size", "byteSize", "length"},
+		})
+		out := map[string]any{"count": len(files), "files": files}
+		addDrivePagination(out, page)
+		return rt.Output(out)
 	},
 }
 
-// listFilesProject reshapes the raw list_files response into a clean,
-// stable 钉盘 file/folder list ({name,type,dentryId,fileSize}) — the
-// output-projection fidelity applied to every list shortcut. Both the list
-// container and each field are probed defensively across candidate keys, so a
-// missing container or unknown alias simply yields an empty list rather than a
-// fabricated value.
-func listFilesProject(data map[string]any) []map[string]any {
-	raw := listFilesContainer(data)
-	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(raw))
-	for _, item := range raw {
-		m, ok := item.(map[string]any)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		row := map[string]any{}
-		listFilesPick(row, m, "name", "name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title")
-		listFilesPick(row, m, "type", "type", "dentryType", "fileType", "spaceType")
-		listFilesPick(row, m, "dentryId", "dentryId", "dentryUuid", "id", "fileId", "nodeId")
-		listFilesPick(row, m, "fileSize", "fileSize", "size", "byteSize", "length")
-		if len(row) > 0 {
-			out = append(out, row)
-		}
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// listFilesContainer locates the file list array inside the response by trying
-// the common container keys emitted across drive backends; the payload itself
-// may also already be the array.
-func listFilesContainer(data map[string]any) []any {
-	for _, k := range []string{"result", "data", "list", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes"} {
-		if v, ok := data[k].([]any); ok {
-			return v
-		}
-		// The container may be nested one level (e.g. {"data":{"list":[...]}}).
-		if inner, ok := data[k].(map[string]any); ok {
-			for _, ik := range []string{"list", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "result"} {
-				if v, ok := inner[ik].([]any); ok {
-					return v
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// listFilesPick copies the first matching alias from src into dst under the
-// canonical key, leaving dst untouched when no alias is present.
-func listFilesPick(dst, src map[string]any, canonical string, aliases ...string) {
-	for _, a := range aliases {
-		if v, ok := src[a]; ok {
-			dst[canonical] = v
-			return
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 // Info → get_file_info
 var Info = shortcut.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "drive",
@@ -177,7 +149,15 @@ var Info = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if rt.Changed("space-id") {
 			params["spaceId"] = rt.Str("space-id")
 		}
-		return rt.CallMCP("get_file_info", params)
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		result, err := requireDriveObject(data, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(result)
 	},
 }
 
@@ -186,20 +166,55 @@ var Download = shortcut.Shortcut{
 	Service:     "drive",
 	Command:     "+download",
 	Product:     "drive",
-	Description: "获取钉盘文件下载链接",
-	Intent:      "当你需要把钉盘里某个文件下载到本地或转给他人时使用；输入文件的 dentryUuid，返回带签名的临时下载 URL 和请求头，用它去真正拉取文件内容（本命令本身只取链接、不落盘）。",
+	Description: "安全下载钉盘文件到工作目录",
+	Intent:      "下载普通钉盘文件并要求验证本地字节产物时使用；不是只返回临时 URL。",
 	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+download", "安全下载钉盘文件到工作目录",
+		"下载普通钉盘文件并要求验证本地字节产物时使用；不是只返回临时 URL。",
+		[]string{"在线文档导出为 docx/pdf 使用 doc +export；只查元数据使用 drive +inspect"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +download --node <dentryUuid> --output downloads/report.pdf`},
+		driveObjectResult("已验证的本地下载产物"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "fileId"},
+	),
 	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
 		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "文件 ID (dentryUuid)", Required: true},
 		{Name: "space-id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "文件所属空间 ID"},
+		{Name: "output", Shorthand: "o", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "工作目录内的相对输出路径", Required: true},
 	},
-	Tips: []string{`dws drive +download --node <dentryUuid>`},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +download --node <dentryUuid> --output downloads/report.pdf`},
 	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
 		params := map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node")}
 		if rt.Changed("space-id") {
 			params["spaceId"] = rt.Str("space-id")
 		}
-		return rt.CallMCP("download_file", params)
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "download_file", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		payload, err := requireDriveObject(data, "drive/download_file")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		url, preferredName, headers, err := driveDownloadPayload(payload, "drive/download_file")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cwd, err := driveGetwd()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		artifact, err := driveDownload(rt.Command().Context(), url, localio.DownloadOptions{
+			BaseDir: cwd, Output: rt.Str("output"), PreferredName: preferredName, Headers: headers,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if artifact.SizeBytes <= 0 {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/download_file", "empty_download_artifact", "下载完成但本地产物为 0 字节")
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "savedPath": artifact.RelativePath, "sizeBytes": artifact.SizeBytes})
 	},
 }
 
@@ -296,68 +311,24 @@ var Search = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		files := searchFilesProject(data)
-		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"count": len(files), "files": files})
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/search_files", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "list")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		files := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+			"name":      {"name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title"},
+			"type":      {"type", "dentryType", "fileType", "spaceType"},
+			"nodeId":    {"fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id"},
+			"dentryId":  {"dentryId"},
+			"fileSize":  {"fileSize", "size", "byteSize", "length"},
+			"creatorId": {"creatorId", "creatorUserId", "creator", "creatorUid"},
+		})
+		out := map[string]any{"count": len(files), "files": files}
+		addDrivePagination(out, page)
+		return rt.Output(out)
 	},
 }
 
-// searchFilesProject reshapes the raw search_files response into a clean,
-// stable 钉盘 file list ({name,type,dentryId,fileSize,creatorId}) — the
-// output-projection fidelity applied to every list/search shortcut. Both the
-// list container and each field are probed defensively across candidate keys,
-// so a missing container or unknown alias yields an empty list rather than a
-// fabricated value.
-func searchFilesProject(data map[string]any) []map[string]any {
-	raw := searchFilesContainer(data)
-	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(raw))
-	for _, item := range raw {
-		m, ok := item.(map[string]any)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		row := map[string]any{}
-		searchFilesPick(row, m, "name", "name", "fileName", "dentryName", "title")
-		searchFilesPick(row, m, "type", "type", "dentryType", "fileType", "spaceType")
-		searchFilesPick(row, m, "dentryId", "dentryId", "dentryUuid", "id", "fileId", "nodeId")
-		searchFilesPick(row, m, "fileSize", "fileSize", "size", "byteSize", "length")
-		searchFilesPick(row, m, "creatorId", "creatorId", "creatorUserId", "creator", "creatorUid")
-		if len(row) > 0 {
-			out = append(out, row)
-		}
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// searchFilesContainer locates the file list array inside the response by
-// trying the common container keys emitted across drive backends; the payload
-// itself may also already wrap the array one level deeper.
-func searchFilesContainer(data map[string]any) []any {
-	for _, k := range []string{"result", "data", "list", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes"} {
-		if v, ok := data[k].([]any); ok {
-			return v
-		}
-		if inner, ok := data[k].(map[string]any); ok {
-			for _, ik := range []string{"list", "items", "files", "dentries", "entries", "nodes", "result"} {
-				if v, ok := inner[ik].([]any); ok {
-					return v
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// searchFilesPick copies the first matching alias from src into dst under the
-// canonical key, leaving dst untouched when no alias is present.
-func searchFilesPick(dst, src map[string]any, canonical string, aliases ...string) {
-	for _, a := range aliases {
-		if v, ok := src[a]; ok {
-			dst[canonical] = v
-			return
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 // RecycleList → list_recycle_items
 // RecycleRestore → restore_recycle_item
 // PublishSet → set_file_publish (published=true)
@@ -413,66 +384,22 @@ var SearchDocs = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		docs := searchDocsProject(data)
-		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"count": len(docs), "docs": docs})
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "doc/search_documents", "documents", "docs", "nodes", "items", "list")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		docs := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+			"name":   {"name", "title", "docName", "nodeName", "fileName"},
+			"nodeId": {"nodeId", "id", "docId", "dentryUuid", "fileId"},
+			"type":   {"type", "docType", "nodeType", "fileType"},
+			"url":    {"url", "docUrl", "link", "webUrl"},
+		})
+		out := map[string]any{"count": len(docs), "docs": docs}
+		addDrivePagination(out, page)
+		return rt.Output(out)
 	},
 }
 
-// searchDocsProject reshapes the raw search_documents response into a clean,
-// stable document list ({name,nodeId,type,url}) — the output-projection
-// fidelity applied to every list/search shortcut. Both the list container and
-// each field are probed defensively across candidate keys, so a missing
-// container or unknown alias yields an empty list rather than fabricated data.
-func searchDocsProject(data map[string]any) []map[string]any {
-	raw := searchDocsContainer(data)
-	out := make([]map[string]any, 0, len(raw))
-	for _, item := range raw {
-		m, ok := item.(map[string]any)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		row := map[string]any{}
-		searchDocsPick(row, m, "name", "name", "title", "docName", "nodeName", "fileName")
-		searchDocsPick(row, m, "nodeId", "nodeId", "id", "docId", "dentryUuid", "fileId")
-		searchDocsPick(row, m, "type", "type", "docType", "nodeType", "fileType")
-		searchDocsPick(row, m, "url", "url", "docUrl", "link", "webUrl")
-		if len(row) > 0 {
-			out = append(out, row)
-		}
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// searchDocsContainer locates the document list array inside the response by
-// trying the common container keys; the payload may also wrap the array one
-// level deeper under a common envelope.
-func searchDocsContainer(data map[string]any) []any {
-	for _, k := range []string{"result", "data", "list", "items", "documents", "docs", "nodes"} {
-		if v, ok := data[k].([]any); ok {
-			return v
-		}
-		if inner, ok := data[k].(map[string]any); ok {
-			for _, ik := range []string{"list", "items", "documents", "docs", "nodes", "result"} {
-				if v, ok := inner[ik].([]any); ok {
-					return v
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// searchDocsPick copies the first matching alias from src into dst under the
-// canonical key, leaving dst untouched when no alias is present.
-func searchDocsPick(dst, src map[string]any, canonical string, aliases ...string) {
-	for _, a := range aliases {
-		if v, ok := src[a]; ok {
-			dst[canonical] = v
-			return
-		}
-	}
-}
-
 // Delete → delete_document (doc)
 // Copy → copy_document (doc)
 var Copy = shortcut.Shortcut{
@@ -514,6 +441,17 @@ var Copy = shortcut.Shortcut{
 	},
 	Tips: []string{`dws drive +copy --node <nodeId> --folder <targetFolderId>`},
 	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		preflight, err := rt.CallMCPData("doc", "get_document_info", map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		preflight, err = requireDriveObject(preflight, "doc/get_document_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !isOnlineDriveObject(preflight) {
+			return driveResponseError("doc/copy_document", "ordinary_file_copy_unsupported", "普通钉盘文件当前没有独立副本接口；doc/copy_document 会生成 .dlink 快捷方式。需要快捷入口请用 +create-shortcut；需要独立副本请先 +download 再 +upload")
+		}
 		params := map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node")}
 		if rt.Changed("folder") {
 			params["targetFolderId"] = rt.Str("folder")
@@ -521,7 +459,27 @@ var Copy = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if rt.Changed("workspace") {
 			params["workspaceId"] = rt.Str("workspace")
 		}
-		return rt.CallMCP("copy_document", params)
+		written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("doc", "copy_document", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		written, err = requireDriveWrite(written, "doc/copy_document")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		createdID := nestedString(written, "nodeId", "fileId", "dentryUuid", "id")
+		if createdID == "" {
+			return driveResponseError("doc/copy_document", "missing_created_id", "复制响应没有新节点 ID；远端效果未知")
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("doc", "get_document_info", map[string]any{"nodeId": createdID})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "doc/get_document_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "sourceNodeId": rt.Str("node"), "nodeId": createdID, "copy": verified})
 	},
 }
 
@@ -572,7 +530,23 @@ var Move = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if rt.Changed("workspace") {
 			params["workspaceId"] = rt.Str("workspace")
 		}
-		return rt.CallMCP("move_document", params)
+		written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("doc", "move_document", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		written, err = requireDriveWrite(written, "doc/move_document")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("doc", "get_document_info", map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "doc/get_document_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "file": verified})
 	},
 }
 
@@ -647,65 +621,57 @@ var Recent = shortcut.Shortcut{
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		return rt.Output(recentListProject(data))
+		items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "doc/get_recent_list", "recentItems")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+			"name":        {"name"},
+			"nodeType":    {"nodeType"},
+			"contentType": {"contentType"},
+			"accessTime":  {"accessTime"},
+			"docUrl":      {"docUrl"},
+			"nodeId":      {"nodeId"},
+		})
+		out := map[string]any{"count": len(rows), "items": rows}
+		addDrivePagination(out, page)
+		return rt.Output(out)
 	},
 }
 
-// recentListProject reshapes a get_recent_list response into a clean paginated
-// document list, dropping transport noise (logId) while keeping the pagination
-// cursor.
-func recentListProject(data map[string]any) map[string]any {
-	// get_recent_list nests its payload under result.recentItems; earlier this
-	// read data["recentItems"] at the top level only, so the whole list silently
-	// projected to empty. Resolve the payload container (top-level or one level
-	// under result/data) before reading recentItems / pagination fields.
-	payload := data
-	if inner, ok := recentListPayload(data); ok {
-		payload = inner
-	}
-	items := []map[string]any{}
-	raw, _ := payload["recentItems"].([]any)
-	for _, it := range raw {
-		m, ok := it.(map[string]any)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		items = append(items, map[string]any{
-			"name":        m["name"],
-			"nodeType":    m["nodeType"],
-			"contentType": m["contentType"],
-			"accessTime":  m["accessTime"],
-			"docUrl":      m["docUrl"],
-			"nodeId":      m["nodeId"],
-		})
-	}
-	out := map[string]any{"count": len(items), "items": items}
-	if nc, ok := payload["nextCursor"]; ok && nc != nil {
-		out["nextCursor"] = nc
-	}
-	if hm, ok := payload["hasMore"]; ok {
-		out["hasMore"] = hm
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// recentListPayload returns the map that actually holds recentItems, tolerating
-// a {result|data:{recentItems:[...]}} envelope as well as a bare top-level shape.
-func recentListPayload(data map[string]any) (map[string]any, bool) {
-	if _, ok := data["recentItems"]; ok {
-		return data, true
-	}
-	for _, k := range []string{"result", "data"} {
-		if inner, ok := data[k].(map[string]any); ok {
-			if _, ok := inner["recentItems"]; ok {
-				return inner, true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil, false
-}
-
 func init() {
+	Copy.Description = "复制在线文档到指定位置并读回验证"
+	Copy.Intent = "复制钉钉在线文档到新位置并保留原件时使用；先验证对象类型，普通文件不伪装成复制成功。"
+	Copy.Contract = driveContract(
+		"+copy", Copy.Description,
+		"复制钉钉在线文档到新位置并保留原件时使用；先验证对象类型，普通文件不伪装成复制成功。",
+		[]string{"普通钉盘文件独立复制当前无等价接口：需要快捷入口用 +create-shortcut，需要独立字节副本用 +download 后 +upload；移动原件用 +move"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +copy --node <ONLINE_DOC_ID> --folder <TARGET_FOLDER_ID>`},
+		driveObjectResult("在线文档复制并读回后的新节点"), nil,
+		// Preserve the historical public Schema properties. Execute translates
+		// these CLI concepts to nodeId/targetFolderId/workspaceId for the RPC.
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "node"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "folder", Property: "folder"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "workspace", Property: "workspace"},
+	)
+	Copy.Tips = []string{`dws drive +copy --node <ONLINE_DOC_ID> --folder <TARGET_FOLDER_ID>`}
+	Info.Contract.Result = driveObjectResult("钉盘节点元数据")
+	Search.Contract.Result = driveCollectionResult("files", "严格校验并投影的钉盘搜索结果页")
+	Search.Contract.Pagination = driveCursorPagination()
+	SearchDocs.Contract.Result = driveCollectionResult("docs", "兼容入口的在线文档搜索结果页")
+	Copy.Contract.Result = driveObjectResult("复制操作的终态证据")
+	Move.Contract.Result = driveObjectResult("移动操作的终态证据")
+	Recent.Contract.Result = driveCollectionResult("items", "严格校验的最近访问或编辑结果页")
+	Recent.Contract.Pagination = driveCursorPagination()
+	for _, declaration := range []*shortcut.Shortcut{
+		&List, &Info, &Download, &Search, &SearchDocs, &Copy, &Move, &Recent,
+		&Inspect, &Upload, &CreateFolder, &CreateShortcut, &Rename, &Delete, &Stats,
+		&RecycleList, &RecycleRestore, &StarList, &StarAdd, &StarRemove,
+		&PublishGet, &PublishSet, &PublishUnset, &Cover,
+		&VersionHistory, &VersionGet, &VersionDownload, &VersionRevert,
+	} {
+		declaration.OutputRollout = output.RolloutUnifiedActive
+	}
 	shortcut.Register(
 		List,
 		Info,
@@ -715,5 +681,35 @@ func init() {
 		Copy,
 		Move,
 		Recent,
+		Inspect,
+		Upload,
+		CreateFolder,
+		CreateShortcut,
+		Rename,
+		Delete,
+		Stats,
+		RecycleList,
+		RecycleRestore,
+		StarList,
+		StarAdd,
+		StarRemove,
+		PublishGet,
+		PublishSet,
+		PublishUnset,
+		Cover,
+		VersionHistory,
+		VersionGet,
+		VersionDownload,
+		VersionRevert,
 	)
 }
+
+func isOnlineDriveObject(info map[string]any) bool {
+	extension := strings.ToLower(firstString(info, "extension", "fileExtension", "ext"))
+	switch extension {
+	case "adoc", "axls", "able", "amind", "adraw":
+		return true
+	}
+	contentType := strings.ToUpper(firstString(info, "contentType", "docType"))
+	return contentType == "DOC" || contentType == "SHEET" || contentType == "TABLE" || contentType == "MIND" || contentType == "DRAW"
+}

internal/shortcut/drive/operations.go

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package drive
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contract"
+	apperrors "github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/errors"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/shortcut"
+)
+
+var Inspect = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+inspect", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "聚合检查节点元数据及可选统计、公开状态和封面",
+	Intent:      "已知节点 ID，需要一次确认名称、类型、路径，并可附带统计、公开状态或封面时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+inspect", "聚合检查节点元数据及可选统计、公开状态和封面",
+		"已知节点 ID，需要一次确认名称、类型、路径，并可附带统计、公开状态或封面时使用。",
+		[]string{"读取在线文档正文使用 doc +fetch；浏览目录使用 drive +list"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid>`, `dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> --include-stats --include-publish`},
+		driveObjectResult("Drive 节点聚合检查结果"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "fileId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "space-id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "钉盘空间 ID"},
+		{Name: "include-stats", Type: shortcut.FlagBool, Desc: "附带阅读、编辑、下载等统计"},
+		{Name: "include-publish", Type: shortcut.FlagBool, Desc: "附带互联网公开状态"},
+		{Name: "include-cover", Type: shortcut.FlagBool, Desc: "附带封面或缩略图地址"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid>`, `dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> --include-stats --include-publish`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		node := rt.Str("node")
+		params := map[string]any{"fileId": node}
+		if rt.Str("space-id") != "" {
+			params["spaceId"] = rt.Str("space-id")
+		}
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		info, err := requireDriveObject(data, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		result := map[string]any{"file": info}
+		steps := []map[string]any{{"tool": "get_file_info", "status": "success"}}
+		reads := []struct {
+			flag, key, tool string
+			params          map[string]any
+		}{
+			{"include-stats", "stats", "get_node_stats", map[string]any{"nodeId": node}},
+			{"include-publish", "publish", "get_file_publish_status", map[string]any{"fileId": node}},
+			{"include-cover", "cover", "get_cover", map[string]any{"nodeId": node}},
+		}
+		failures := []map[string]any{}
+		for _, read := range reads {
+			if !rt.Bool(read.flag) {
+				continue
+			}
+			value, callErr := rt.CallMCPReadData("drive", read.tool, read.params)
+			if callErr == nil {
+				value, callErr = requireDriveObject(value, "drive/"+read.tool)
+			}
+			if callErr != nil {
+				steps = append(steps, map[string]any{"tool": read.tool, "status": "failed"})
+				failures = append(failures, map[string]any{"tool": read.tool, "error": callErr.Error()})
+				continue
+			}
+			result[read.key] = value
+			steps = append(steps, map[string]any{"tool": read.tool, "status": "success"})
+		}
+		if len(failures) > 0 {
+			return apperrors.NewAPI("Drive 聚合检查只完成了部分读取",
+				apperrors.WithOperation("drive.inspect"),
+				apperrors.WithReason("drive_inspect_partial"),
+				apperrors.WithFailureStage("optional_reads"),
+				apperrors.WithExecutionStarted(false),
+				apperrors.WithRetryable(true),
+				apperrors.WithDetails(map[string]any{"status": "partial_success", "complete": false, "data": result, "steps": steps, "failures": failures}),
+			)
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"status": "success", "complete": true, "data": result, "steps": steps})
+	},
+}
+
+var CreateFolder = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+create-folder", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "创建钉盘文件夹并读回验证",
+	Intent:      "在钉盘中创建普通文件夹并需要拿到经过读回验证的 fileId 时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "medium", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "unknown"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+create-folder", "创建钉盘文件夹并读回验证",
+		"在钉盘中创建普通文件夹并需要拿到经过读回验证的 fileId 时使用。",
+		[]string{"知识库目录使用 wiki node create；创建在线文档使用 doc +create"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +create-folder --name "项目资料"`, `dws drive +create-folder --name "子目录" --folder <dentryUuid>`},
+		driveObjectResult("创建并验证后的文件夹"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "folder", Property: "parentId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "name", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "文件夹名称", Required: true},
+		{Name: "space-id", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "钉盘空间 ID"},
+		{Name: "folder", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "父文件夹 ID"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +create-folder --name "项目资料"`, `dws drive +create-folder --name "子目录" --folder <dentryUuid>`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		params := map[string]any{"name": rt.Str("name")}
+		if rt.Str("space-id") != "" {
+			params["spaceId"] = rt.Str("space-id")
+		}
+		if rt.Str("folder") != "" {
+			params["parentId"] = rt.Str("folder")
+		}
+		created, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("drive", "create_folder", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		created, err = requireDriveWrite(created, "drive/create_folder")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		nodeID := nestedString(created, "fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id")
+		if nodeID == "" {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/create_folder", "missing_created_id", "创建响应没有文件夹 fileId；远端效果未知")
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": nodeID})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if name := firstString(verified, "name", "fileName"); name != rt.Str("name") {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/create_folder", "readback_mismatch", fmt.Sprintf("创建后读回名称 %q 与请求 %q 不一致", name, rt.Str("name")))
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": nodeID, "folder": verified})
+	},
+}
+
+var CreateShortcut = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+create-shortcut", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "为已有节点创建快捷方式并验证新节点",
+	Intent:      "给已有文件或文档创建快捷入口，并需要区分 shortcut 与独立副本时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "medium", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "non_idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+create-shortcut", "为已有节点创建快捷方式并验证新节点",
+		"给已有文件或文档创建快捷入口，并需要区分 shortcut 与独立副本时使用。",
+		[]string{"需要独立副本使用 drive +copy；需要迁移原节点使用 drive +move"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +create-shortcut --node <SOURCE_NODE> --folder <TARGET_FOLDER>`},
+		driveObjectResult("创建并验证后的快捷方式节点"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "folder", Property: "targetFolderId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "workspace", Property: "workspaceId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "源节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "folder", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "目标文件夹 ID"},
+		{Name: "workspace", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "目标知识库 ID"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +create-shortcut --node <SOURCE_NODE> --folder <TARGET_FOLDER>`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		params := map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node")}
+		if rt.Str("folder") != "" {
+			params["targetFolderId"] = rt.Str("folder")
+		}
+		if rt.Str("workspace") != "" {
+			params["workspaceId"] = rt.Str("workspace")
+		}
+		created, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("drive", "create_shortcut", params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		created, err = requireDriveWrite(created, "drive/create_shortcut")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		nodeID := nestedString(created, "fileId", "dentryUuid", "nodeId", "id")
+		if nodeID == "" {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/create_shortcut", "missing_created_id", "创建快捷方式未返回新节点 ID")
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": nodeID})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": nodeID, "shortcut": verified})
+	},
+}
+
+var Rename = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+rename", Product: "doc",
+	Description: "重命名文件或文件夹并读回验证",
+	Intent:      "改变已有节点名称并要求验证最终名称时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "medium", Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "unknown"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+rename", "重命名文件或文件夹并读回验证",
+		"改变已有节点名称并要求验证最终名称时使用。",
+		[]string{"改变位置使用 drive +move；替换文件内容使用 drive +upload --node"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +rename --node <dentryUuid> --name "新名称"`},
+		driveObjectResult("重命名后的节点元数据"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "name", Property: "newName"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "name", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "新名称", Required: true},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +rename --node <dentryUuid> --name "新名称"`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		preflight, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		preflight, err = requireDriveObject(preflight, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		requestName, expectedNames := normalizedDriveRename(rt.Str("name"), preflight)
+		written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("doc", "rename_document", map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "newName": requestName})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err := requireDriveWrite(written, "doc/rename_document"); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		name := firstString(verified, "name", "fileName")
+		if name == "" || !expectedNames[name] {
+			return driveResponseError("doc/rename_document", "readback_mismatch", fmt.Sprintf("重命名读回名称 %q 与请求 %q 不一致", name, rt.Str("name")))
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "file": verified})
+	},
+}
+
+func normalizedDriveRename(name string, info map[string]any) (string, map[string]bool) {
+	name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	expected := map[string]bool{name: true}
+	nodeType := strings.ToLower(firstString(info, "type", "nodeType", "fileType"))
+	if nodeType == "folder" || nodeType == "dir" || nodeType == "directory" {
+		return name, expected
+	}
+	extension := strings.TrimLeft(strings.ToLower(firstString(info, "extension", "fileExtension", "ext")), ".")
+	if extension == "" {
+		return name, expected
+	}
+	suffix := "." + extension
+	if len(name) > len(suffix) && strings.EqualFold(name[len(name)-len(suffix):], suffix) {
+		return name[:len(name)-len(suffix)], expected
+	}
+	expected[name+suffix] = true
+	return name, expected
+}
+
+var Delete = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+delete", Product: "doc",
+	Description: "将已确认节点移入回收站",
+	Intent:      "用户明确要求删除已确认钉盘节点，并理解它会进入回收站时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskHighWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "destructive", Risk: "high", Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "unknown"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+delete", "将已确认节点移入回收站",
+		"用户明确要求删除已确认钉盘节点，并理解它会进入回收站时使用。",
+		[]string{"只是调整位置使用 drive +move；目标不明确时先 drive +inspect"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +delete --node <dentryUuid>`},
+		driveObjectResult("删除到回收站的终态证据"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "节点 ID", Required: true}},
+	Tips:  []string{`dws drive +delete --node <dentryUuid>`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("doc", "delete_document", map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		written, err = requireDriveWrite(written, "doc/delete_document")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "result": written})
+	},
+}
+
+var Stats = driveReadObjectShortcut(
+	"+stats", "读取节点访问和协作统计", "get_node_stats", "nodeId",
+	"用户要查看指定节点阅读、编辑、评论、点赞、预览或下载统计时使用。",
+	[]string{"只要文件名称和类型使用 drive +inspect"},
+)
+
+var Cover = driveReadObjectShortcut(
+	"+cover", "读取节点封面或缩略图地址", "get_cover", "nodeId",
+	"用户需要节点封面、首图或缩略图 URL 时使用。",
+	[]string{"这是封面资源，不等于 Lark 服务端多格式预览转换"},
+)
+
+func driveReadObjectShortcut(command, description, tool, property, useWhen string, avoidWhen []string) shortcut.Shortcut {
+	return shortcut.Shortcut{
+		Service: "drive", Command: command, Product: "drive", Description: description, Intent: useWhen,
+		Risk: shortcut.RiskRead, Safety: contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+		Contract: driveContract(command, description, useWhen, avoidWhen,
+			[]string{fmt.Sprintf("dws drive %s --node <dentryUuid>", command)},
+			driveObjectResult(description), nil, contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: property}),
+		Flags: []shortcut.Flag{{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "节点 ID", Required: true}},
+		Tips:  []string{fmt.Sprintf("dws drive %s --node <dentryUuid>", command)},
+		Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+			data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", tool, map[string]any{property: rt.Str("node")})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			data, err = requireDriveObject(data, "drive/"+tool)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			return rt.Output(data)
+		},
+	}
+}

internal/shortcut/drive/recent_list_projection_test.go

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package drive
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// TestRecentListProjectResultWrapper guards against projection-data-loss:
-// get_recent_list nests its payload under result.recentItems; the projection
-// must descend into result or +recent silently returns empty despite backend
-// records.
-func TestRecentListProjectResultWrapper(t *testing.T) {
-	const raw = `{"result":{"hasMore":true,"nextCursor":"c2","recentItems":[
-		{"name":"weekly report","nodeType":"doc","nodeId":"n1","docUrl":"https://x/1"},
-		{"name":"budget sheet","nodeType":"sheet","nodeId":"n2","docUrl":"https://x/2"}
-	]}}`
-	var data map[string]any
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &data); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal fixture: %v", err)
-	}
-	out := recentListProject(data)
-	if got, _ := out["count"].(int); got != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("lower/upper mismatch: result.recentItems has 2 entries, projection count=%v (%v)", out["count"], out)
-	}
-	if out["hasMore"] != true || out["nextCursor"] != "c2" {
-		t.Fatalf("pagination fields lost from result wrapper: %v", out)
-	}
-}
-
-// TestRecentListProjectNoItems covers the no-recentItems branch (payload not
-// found under any wrapper), which must yield an empty list, not a panic.
-func TestRecentListProjectNoItems(t *testing.T) {
-	const raw = `{"result":{"totalCount":0},"success":true}`
-	var data map[string]any
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &data); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal fixture: %v", err)
-	}
-	if out := recentListProject(data); out["count"].(int) != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("no recentItems: want count 0, got %v", out["count"])
-	}
-}
-
-// TestRecentListProjectTopLevel covers the already-unwrapped shape.
-func TestRecentListProjectTopLevel(t *testing.T) {
-	const raw = `{"recentItems":[{"name":"weekly report","nodeId":"n1"}],"hasMore":false}`
-	var data map[string]any
-	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &data); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unmarshal fixture: %v", err)
-	}
-	if out := recentListProject(data); out["count"].(int) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("top-level recentItems: want count 1, got %v", out["count"])
-	}
-}

internal/shortcut/drive/version_operations.go

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package drive
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/corecmd/contract"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/localio"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/shortcut"
+)
+
+var VersionHistory = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+version-history", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "严格分页列出普通文件历史版本",
+	Intent:      "普通文件需要浏览历史版本并获取明确版本号时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+version-history", "严格分页列出普通文件历史版本",
+		"普通文件需要浏览历史版本并获取明确版本号时使用。",
+		[]string{"在线文档版本使用 doc +version-list；在线表格版本使用 sheet version"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +version-history --node <dentryUuid> --limit 20`},
+		driveCollectionResult("versions", "严格校验的普通文件历史版本页"), driveCursorPagination(),
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "cursor", Property: "nextCursor"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "普通文件节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "limit", Type: shortcut.FlagInt, Default: "20", Desc: "每页数量"},
+		{Name: "cursor", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "分页游标"},
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +version-history --node <dentryUuid> --limit 20`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		page, err := versionPage(rt, rt.Str("node"), rt.Int("limit"), rt.Str("cursor"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(page)
+	},
+}
+
+var VersionGet = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+version-get", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "按版本号精确读取普通文件版本元数据",
+	Intent:      "已知普通文件版本号，需要确认该版本存在并读取其元数据时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+version-get", "按版本号精确读取普通文件版本元数据",
+		"已知普通文件版本号，需要确认该版本存在并读取其元数据时使用。",
+		[]string{"尚未确定版本号时使用 drive +version-history；需要版本字节使用 drive +version-download"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +version-get --node <dentryUuid> --version 3`},
+		driveObjectResult("精确匹配的普通文件版本元数据"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "普通文件节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "version", Type: shortcut.FlagInt, Desc: "版本号；--version 必须为正整数", Required: true},
+	},
+	Constraints: []shortcut.Constraint{{Kind: shortcut.ConstraintCustom, Flags: []string{"version"}, Description: "--version 必须为正整数"}},
+	Validate: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if rt.Int("version") <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("--version 必须为正整数")
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +version-get --node <dentryUuid> --version 3`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		version, err := findVersion(rt, rt.Str("node"), rt.Int("version"))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "version": version})
+	},
+}
+
+var VersionDownload = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+version-download", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "安全下载普通文件指定历史版本",
+	Intent:      "已确认普通文件版本号，需要安全落盘并验证实际字节时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskRead,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "read", Risk: "low", Confirmation: "not_required", Idempotency: "idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+version-download", "安全下载普通文件指定历史版本",
+		"已确认普通文件版本号，需要安全落盘并验证实际字节时使用。",
+		[]string{"下载最新版本使用 drive +download；在线文档版本使用 doc +version-list/+export"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +version-download --node <dentryUuid> --version 3 --output downloads/report-v3.pdf`},
+		driveObjectResult("已验证的历史版本本地产物"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "普通文件节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "version", Type: shortcut.FlagInt, Desc: "版本号；--version 必须为正整数", Required: true},
+		{Name: "output", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "工作目录内相对输出路径", Required: true},
+	},
+	Constraints: []shortcut.Constraint{{Kind: shortcut.ConstraintCustom, Flags: []string{"version"}, Description: "--version 必须为正整数"}},
+	Validate: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if rt.Int("version") <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("--version 必须为正整数")
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +version-download --node <dentryUuid> --version 3 --output downloads/report-v3.pdf`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if _, err := findVersion(rt, rt.Str("node"), rt.Int("version")); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "download_file_version", map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "version": rt.Int("version")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		payload, err := requireDriveObject(data, "drive/download_file_version")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		url, name, headers, err := driveDownloadPayload(payload, "drive/download_file_version")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		cwd, err := driveGetwd()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		artifact, err := driveDownload(rt.Command().Context(), url, localio.DownloadOptions{BaseDir: cwd, Output: rt.Str("output"), PreferredName: name, Headers: headers})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if artifact.SizeBytes <= 0 {
+			return driveResponseError("drive/download_file_version", "empty_download_artifact", "历史版本下载产物为 0 字节")
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "version": rt.Int("version"), "savedPath": artifact.RelativePath, "sizeBytes": artifact.SizeBytes})
+	},
+}
+
+var VersionRevert = shortcut.Shortcut{
+	Service: "drive", Command: "+version-revert", Product: "drive",
+	Description: "预检并回滚普通文件到指定历史版本",
+	Intent:      "用户明确选定普通文件历史版本并要求回滚时使用。",
+	Risk:        shortcut.RiskHighWrite,
+	Safety:      contract.SafetySpec{Effect: "write", Risk: "high", Confirmation: "user_required", Idempotency: "non_idempotent"},
+	Contract: driveContract(
+		"+version-revert", "预检并回滚普通文件到指定历史版本",
+		"用户明确选定普通文件历史版本并要求回滚时使用。",
+		[]string{"尚未确认版本号时先 drive +version-history；在线文档使用 doc +version-revert"},
+		[]string{`dws drive +version-revert --node <dentryUuid> --version 3`},
+		driveObjectResult("版本回滚终态及节点读回"), nil,
+		contract.ParamDecl{Name: "node", Property: "nodeId"},
+	),
+	Flags: []shortcut.Flag{
+		{Name: "node", Type: shortcut.FlagString, Desc: "普通文件节点 ID", Required: true},
+		{Name: "version", Type: shortcut.FlagInt, Desc: "版本号；--version 必须为正整数", Required: true},
+	},
+	Constraints: []shortcut.Constraint{{Kind: shortcut.ConstraintCustom, Flags: []string{"version"}, Description: "--version 必须为正整数"}},
+	Validate: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if rt.Int("version") <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("--version 必须为正整数")
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+	Tips: []string{`dws drive +version-revert --node <dentryUuid> --version 3`},
+	Execute: func(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext) error {
+		if _, err := findVersion(rt, rt.Str("node"), rt.Int("version")); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		written, err := rt.CallMCPWriteDataStrict("drive", "revert_file_version", map[string]any{"nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "version": rt.Int("version")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err := requireDriveWrite(written, "drive/revert_file_version"); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "get_file_info", map[string]any{"fileId": rt.Str("node")})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		verified, err = requireDriveObject(verified, "drive/get_file_info")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return rt.Output(map[string]any{"success": true, "nodeId": rt.Str("node"), "revertedTo": rt.Int("version"), "file": verified})
+	},
+}
+
+func versionPage(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext, nodeID string, limit int, cursor string) (map[string]any, error) {
+	params := map[string]any{"nodeId": nodeID, "maxResults": limit}
+	if cursor != "" {
+		params["nextCursor"] = cursor
+	}
+	data, err := rt.CallMCPData("drive", "list_file_versions", params)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	items, page, err := requireDriveCollection(data, "drive/list_file_versions", "versions", "versionList", "items")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	versions := projectDriveRows(items, map[string][]string{
+		"version":    {"version", "versionNumber", "versionNum"},
+		"createTime": {"createTime", "createdTime"},
+		"creatorId":  {"creatorId", "creatorUserId", "operatorId"},
+		"fileSize":   {"fileSize", "size"},
+		"name":       {"name", "fileName"},
+	})
+	out := map[string]any{"count": len(versions), "versions": versions}
+	addDrivePagination(out, page)
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func findVersion(rt *shortcut.RuntimeContext, nodeID string, target int) (map[string]any, error) {
+	const maxPages = 20
+	cursor := ""
+	seenCursors := map[string]bool{}
+	for pageNumber := 1; pageNumber <= maxPages; pageNumber++ {
+		page, err := versionPage(rt, nodeID, 50, cursor)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		for _, version := range page["versions"].([]map[string]any) {
+			if number, ok := versionNumber(version); ok && number == target {
+				return version, nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		nextCursor := strings.TrimSpace(nestedString(page, "nextCursor", "nextToken", "nextPageToken"))
+		hasMore, hasMoreKnown := boolField(page, "hasMore")
+		if hasMoreKnown && !hasMore {
+			return nil, driveResponseError("drive/list_file_versions", "version_not_found", fmt.Sprintf("完整版本历史中不存在版本 %d", target))
+		}
+		if nextCursor == "" {
+			if hasMoreKnown && hasMore {
+				return nil, versionPaginationError("missing_next_cursor", pageNumber, cursor)
+			}
+			return nil, driveResponseError("drive/list_file_versions", "version_not_found", fmt.Sprintf("完整版本历史中不存在版本 %d", target))
+		}
+		if seenCursors[nextCursor] {
+			return nil, versionPaginationError("stalled_cursor", pageNumber, nextCursor)
+		}
+		seenCursors[nextCursor] = true
+		cursor = nextCursor
+	}
+	return nil, versionPaginationError("max_pages", maxPages, cursor)
+}
+
+func versionPaginationError(reason string, page int, cursor string) error {
+	return driveResponseError(
+		"drive/list_file_versions",
+		"version_pagination_"+reason,
+		fmt.Sprintf("版本预检无法证明分页已经完整，已停止操作（page=%d, cursor=%q）", page, cursor),
+	)
+}
+
+func versionNumber(version map[string]any) (int, bool) {
+	switch value := version["version"].(type) {
+	case float64:
+		return int(value), value == float64(int(value))
+	case int:
+		return value, true
+	case string:
+		var number int
+		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(value, "%d", &number); err == nil {
+			return number, true
+		}
+	}
+	return 0, false
+}
+
+func driveDownloadPayload(payload map[string]any, operation string) (string, string, map[string]string, error) {
+	url := firstString(payload, "downloadUrl", "resourceUrl", "url")
+	if url == "" {
+		if resources, ok := payload["resourceUrls"].([]any); ok && len(resources) > 0 {
+			if first, ok := resources[0].(map[string]any); ok {
+				url = firstString(first, "url", "downloadUrl", "resourceUrl")
+				payload = first
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if url == "" {
+		return "", "", nil, driveResponseError(operation, "missing_download_url", "下载响应没有有效 URL")
+	}
+	headers := map[string]string{}
+	if raw, ok := payload["headers"].(map[string]any); ok {
+		for key, value := range raw {
+			if text, ok := value.(string); ok {
+				headers[key] = text
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return url, firstString(payload, "fileName", "name"), headers, nil
+}

internal/shortcut/public_catalog_generated.go

@@ -318,12 +318,33 @@ func generatedPublicShortcutCatalog() map[string]struct{} {
 		"doc\u0000+version-revert":                      {},
 		"doc\u0000+version-save":                        {},
 		"drive\u0000+copy":                              {},
+		"drive\u0000+cover":                             {},
+		"drive\u0000+create-folder":                     {},
+		"drive\u0000+create-shortcut":                   {},
+		"drive\u0000+delete":                            {},
+		"drive\u0000+download":                          {},
 		"drive\u0000+find-file":                         {},
 		"drive\u0000+info":                              {},
+		"drive\u0000+inspect":                           {},
+		"drive\u0000+list":                              {},
 		"drive\u0000+move":                              {},
+		"drive\u0000+publish-get":                       {},
+		"drive\u0000+publish-unset":                     {},
 		"drive\u0000+recent":                            {},
+		"drive\u0000+recycle-list":                      {},
+		"drive\u0000+recycle-restore":                   {},
+		"drive\u0000+rename":                            {},
 		"drive\u0000+search":                            {},
 		"drive\u0000+search-docs":                       {},
+		"drive\u0000+star-add":                          {},
+		"drive\u0000+star-list":                         {},
+		"drive\u0000+star-remove":                       {},
+		"drive\u0000+stats":                             {},
+		"drive\u0000+upload":                            {},
+		"drive\u0000+version-download":                  {},
+		"drive\u0000+version-get":                       {},
+		"drive\u0000+version-history":                   {},
+		"drive\u0000+version-revert":                    {},
 		"mail\u0000+contact-list":                       {},
 		"mail\u0000+find-mail-user":                     {},
 		"mail\u0000+folder-list":                        {},

internal/shortcut/semantic_catalog.go

@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ var aitableSemanticCatalogJSON []byte
 //go:embed semantic_catalog_minutes.json
 var minutesSemanticCatalogJSON []byte
 
+//go:embed semantic_catalog_drive.json
+var driveSemanticCatalogJSON []byte
+
 type semanticCatalogFile struct {
 	Version      int                              `json:"version"`
 	Service      string                           `json:"service"`
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ var reviewedSemanticCatalog = mustLoadSemanticCatalogs(
 	docSemanticCatalogJSON,
 	aitableSemanticCatalogJSON,
 	minutesSemanticCatalogJSON,
+	driveSemanticCatalogJSON,
 )
 
 func mustLoadSemanticCatalogs(sources ...[]byte) map[string]semanticCatalogRecord {

internal/shortcut/semantic_catalog_drive.json

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+{
+  "version": 1,
+  "service": "drive",
+  "default_availability": "available",
+  "shortcuts": {
+    "+list": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"严格区分显式空目录与缺失/畸形响应，稳定投影节点并完整保留分页游标。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+inspect": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"以文件元数据为必达结果，按需聚合统计、公开状态和封面；可选读取失败显式报告 partial_success。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+info": {"disposition":"alias_internal","semantic_delta":"保留历史元数据入口；新的 Agent 场景统一使用可扩展的 +inspect。","risk":"read","primary":"+inspect","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+search": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"统一关键词、文件类型、扩展名、创建者、时间和分页过滤，并拒绝缺失结果数组。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+find-file": {"disposition":"alias_internal","semantic_delta":"保留历史文件定位入口；新的 Agent 文件搜索统一使用 +search。","risk":"read","primary":"+search","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+search-docs": {"disposition":"alias_internal","semantic_delta":"保留历史跨域文档搜索入口；新的在线文档搜索统一使用 doc +search。","risk":"read","primary":"doc +search","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+recent": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"严格读取最近访问/编辑列表并保留 nextCursor/hasMore，防止嵌套响应被投影为空。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+
+    "+upload": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"组合工作目录边界校验、上传凭证、OSS PUT、严格提交响应和远端元数据读回。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+download": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"不再只返回临时链接；使用受控相对路径、no-clobber、原子发布并验证非零本地字节。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+create-folder": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"创建普通钉盘文件夹后要求 fileId，并读回名称验证。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+create-shortcut": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"明确 shortcut 与 copy 语义差异，创建后读取新节点验证。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+copy": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"复制前预检在线对象类型；普通钉盘文件因下层只会生成 .dlink 而显式拒绝，避免把快捷方式伪装成独立副本。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+move": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"移动后原位置不保留，统一 folder/workspace 目标语义并发布静态确认。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+rename": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"重命名后读取真实节点元数据验证最终名称。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+delete": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"将已确认节点移入回收站，要求高风险确认和 success=true 终态证据。","risk":"high-risk-write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+stats": {"disposition":"schema_leaf","semantic_delta":"读取节点访问、编辑、评论、点赞、预览和下载统计的一对一入口。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+cover": {"disposition":"schema_leaf","semantic_delta":"读取节点封面或缩略图地址；明确不声称服务端多格式预览转换。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+
+    "+recycle-list": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"严格分页列出回收项并稳定投影 recycleItemId，显式空数组才是空回收站。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+recycle-restore": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"只要求列表可获得的 recycleItemId；恢复响应必须给出节点 ID，随后读回验证。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+star-list": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"严格分页列出当前用户收藏并保留游标。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+star-add": {"disposition":"schema_leaf","semantic_delta":"以幂等用户偏好语义收藏指定节点。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+star-remove": {"disposition":"schema_leaf","semantic_delta":"以幂等用户偏好语义取消收藏指定节点。","risk":"write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+publish-get": {"disposition":"schema_leaf","semantic_delta":"只读查询互联网公开状态和权限，不沿用原子命令错误的写风险标签。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+publish-set": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"实现了高风险确认和读回，但真实普通文件与在线文档夹具均返回 operation.notSupported；在获得可验证的 eligible 节点前不公开。","risk":"high-risk-write","availability":"unavailable","public":false,"reviewed":true},
+    "+publish-unset": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"高风险确认后关闭互联网公开，并读回状态验证外链已失效。","risk":"high-risk-write","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+
+    "+version-history": {"disposition":"semantic_adapter","semantic_delta":"严格分页列出普通文件版本，区分合法空历史与响应契约错误。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+version-get": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"按正整数版本号精确匹配元数据；零命中显式失败。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+version-download": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"预检版本存在后安全下载历史字节，受控相对路径原子发布且要求非零产物。","risk":"read","public":true,"reviewed":true},
+    "+version-revert": {"disposition":"primary_smart","semantic_delta":"先验证目标版本存在，再经高风险确认回滚并读取当前节点状态。","risk":"high-risk-write","public":true,"reviewed":true}
+  }
+}

internal/skillprovenance/provenance.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+// Package skillprovenance builds the per-Skill provenance records stored in
+// the single ~/.dws/skills-state.json metadata file.
+package skillprovenance
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const (
+	DigestScope = "skill-directory-v1"
+
+	SourceSkillSetup = "dws-skill-setup"
+	SourceUpgrade    = "dws-upgrade"
+)
+
+// Record identifies one DWS-managed Skill. Ownership is derived from these
+// records, never from files placed inside an Agent's Skill directory.
+type Record struct {
+	Name        string `json:"name"`
+	Version     string `json:"version"`
+	Source      string `json:"source"`
+	Digest      string `json:"digest"`
+	DigestScope string `json:"digest_scope"`
+}
+
+var (
+	provenanceWalkDir  = filepath.WalkDir
+	provenanceRelative = filepath.Rel
+	provenanceReadFile = os.ReadFile
+)
+
+// Build returns a deterministic provenance record for a Skill directory.
+func Build(name, dir, version, source string) (Record, error) {
+	name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	if name == "" {
+		return Record{}, fmt.Errorf("provenance Skill name is empty")
+	}
+	digest, err := DigestDir(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Record{}, err
+	}
+	version = strings.TrimSpace(version)
+	if version == "" {
+		version = "unknown"
+	}
+	source = strings.TrimSpace(source)
+	if source == "" {
+		return Record{}, fmt.Errorf("provenance source is empty")
+	}
+	return Record{
+		Name:        name,
+		Version:     version,
+		Source:      source,
+		Digest:      digest,
+		DigestScope: DigestScope,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// DigestDir hashes every regular file ordered by slash-normalized relative
+// path. Paths and contents are NUL-delimited.
+func DigestDir(root string) (string, error) {
+	var paths []string
+	err := provenanceWalkDir(root, func(path string, entry fs.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
+		if walkErr != nil {
+			return walkErr
+		}
+		if entry.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		rel, err := provenanceRelative(root, path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rel = filepath.ToSlash(rel)
+		if !entry.Type().IsRegular() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unsupported non-regular Skill file: %s", path)
+		}
+		paths = append(paths, rel)
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	sort.Strings(paths)
+
+	hash := sha256.New()
+	for _, rel := range paths {
+		_, _ = hash.Write([]byte(rel))
+		_, _ = hash.Write([]byte{0})
+		content, err := provenanceReadFile(filepath.Join(root, filepath.FromSlash(rel)))
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		_, _ = hash.Write(content)
+		_, _ = hash.Write([]byte{0})
+	}
+	return "sha256:" + hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil)), nil
+}
+
+// Merge replaces records with matching names and returns a name-sorted set.
+func Merge(existing, updates []Record) []Record {
+	byName := make(map[string]Record, len(existing)+len(updates))
+	for _, record := range existing {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(record.Name) != "" {
+			byName[record.Name] = record
+		}
+	}
+	for _, record := range updates {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(record.Name) != "" {
+			byName[record.Name] = record
+		}
+	}
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(byName))
+	for name := range byName {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	out := make([]Record, 0, len(names))
+	for _, name := range names {
+		out = append(out, byName[name])
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func Names(records []Record) map[string]bool {
+	names := make(map[string]bool, len(records))
+	for _, record := range records {
+		if record.Name != "" {
+			names[record.Name] = true
+		}
+	}
+	return names
+}

internal/skillprovenance/provenance_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package skillprovenance
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type fakeDirEntry struct {
+	name string
+	mode fs.FileMode
+}
+
+func (entry fakeDirEntry) Name() string               { return entry.name }
+func (entry fakeDirEntry) IsDir() bool                { return entry.mode.IsDir() }
+func (entry fakeDirEntry) Type() fs.FileMode          { return entry.mode.Type() }
+func (entry fakeDirEntry) Info() (fs.FileInfo, error) { return nil, errors.New("unused") }
+
+func swapProvenanceSeam[T any](t *testing.T, target *T, replacement T) {
+	t.Helper()
+	original := *target
+	*target = replacement
+	t.Cleanup(func() { *target = original })
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillProvenanceBuildDigestAndMerge(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(dir, "references"), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte("skill"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "references", "a.md"), []byte("ref"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	record, err := Build("dingtalk-a", dir, "", SourceUpgrade)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if record.Version != "unknown" || record.Source != SourceUpgrade || record.DigestScope != DigestScope {
+		t.Fatalf("record = %#v", record)
+	}
+	first := record.Digest
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "references", "a.md"), []byte("changed"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	second, err := Build("dingtalk-a", dir, "v2", SourceSkillSetup)
+	if err != nil || second.Digest == first {
+		t.Fatalf("second = %#v, %v", second, err)
+	}
+	merged := Merge([]Record{record, {Name: "dingtalk-b"}}, []Record{second, {}})
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(merged, []Record{second, {Name: "dingtalk-b"}}) {
+		t.Fatalf("merged = %#v", merged)
+	}
+	if got := Names(merged); !got["dingtalk-a"] || !got["dingtalk-b"] || len(got) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("names = %#v", got)
+	}
+	if _, err := Build("", dir, "v1", "test"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("empty name accepted")
+	}
+	if _, err := Build("dingtalk-a", dir, "v1", " "); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("empty source accepted")
+	}
+	if _, err := Build("dingtalk-a", filepath.Join(dir, "missing"), "v1", "test"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("missing Skill directory accepted")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillProvenanceDigestErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	want := errors.New("injected")
+	t.Run("walk", func(t *testing.T) {
+		swapProvenanceSeam(t, &provenanceWalkDir, func(string, fs.WalkDirFunc) error { return want })
+		if _, err := DigestDir(t.TempDir()); !errors.Is(err, want) {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("callback", func(t *testing.T) {
+		swapProvenanceSeam(t, &provenanceWalkDir, func(root string, walk fs.WalkDirFunc) error { return walk(root, nil, want) })
+		if _, err := DigestDir(t.TempDir()); !errors.Is(err, want) {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("relative", func(t *testing.T) {
+		swapProvenanceSeam(t, &provenanceWalkDir, func(root string, walk fs.WalkDirFunc) error {
+			return walk(filepath.Join(root, "file"), fakeDirEntry{name: "file"}, nil)
+		})
+		swapProvenanceSeam(t, &provenanceRelative, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", want })
+		if _, err := DigestDir(t.TempDir()); !errors.Is(err, want) {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("nonregular", func(t *testing.T) {
+		swapProvenanceSeam(t, &provenanceWalkDir, func(root string, walk fs.WalkDirFunc) error {
+			return walk(filepath.Join(root, "link"), fakeDirEntry{name: "link", mode: fs.ModeSymlink}, nil)
+		})
+		if _, err := DigestDir(t.TempDir()); err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("nonregular accepted")
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("read", func(t *testing.T) {
+		dir := t.TempDir()
+		_ = os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte("x"), 0o644)
+		swapProvenanceSeam(t, &provenanceReadFile, func(string) ([]byte, error) { return nil, want })
+		if _, err := DigestDir(dir); !errors.Is(err, want) {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/skillstate/state.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+// Package skillstate persists the official Skill snapshot and centralized
+// ownership metadata written after setup and upgrade. Bundled skills are
+// always fully refreshed from the current release and local absence is not an
+// exclusion.
+package skillstate
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/helpers"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+)
+
+const stateFile = "skills-state.json"
+
+// legacyOfficialSkillNames is the frozen set of official multi-skill names
+// shipped before centralized ownership metadata. Exact names are safe
+// migration evidence; a dingtalk-* prefix is not.
+//
+// Keep retired names here permanently so an old installation can still be
+// migrated after that Skill has been folded into another bundle.
+var legacyOfficialSkillNames = map[string]struct{}{
+	"dingtalk-agoal":      {},
+	"dingtalk-aiapp":      {},
+	"dingtalk-aisearch":   {},
+	"dingtalk-aitable":    {},
+	"dingtalk-attendance": {},
+	"dingtalk-calendar":   {},
+	"dingtalk-chat":       {},
+	"dingtalk-contact":    {},
+	"dingtalk-dev":        {},
+	"dingtalk-devapp":     {},
+	"dingtalk-devdoc":     {},
+	"dingtalk-ding":       {},
+	"dingtalk-doc":        {},
+	"dingtalk-drive":      {},
+	"dingtalk-event":      {},
+	"dingtalk-hrbrain":    {},
+	"dingtalk-live":       {},
+	"dingtalk-mail":       {},
+	"dingtalk-markdown":   {},
+	"dingtalk-minutes":    {},
+	"dingtalk-misc":       {},
+	"dingtalk-oa":         {},
+	"dingtalk-pat":        {},
+	"dingtalk-profile":    {},
+	"dingtalk-report":     {},
+	"dingtalk-shared":     {},
+	"dingtalk-sheet":      {},
+	"dingtalk-skill":      {},
+	"dingtalk-todo":       {},
+	"dingtalk-wiki":       {},
+	"dws-shared":          {},
+}
+
+var (
+	skillStateReadFile = os.ReadFile
+	skillStateRemove   = os.Remove
+)
+
+type State struct {
+	Version        string                   `json:"version"`
+	OfficialSkills []string                 `json:"official_skills"`
+	UpdatedSkills  []string                 `json:"updated_skills"`
+	ManagedSkills  []skillprovenance.Record `json:"managed_skills"`
+	UpdatedAt      string                   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+// IsLegacyOfficialSkillName reports whether name was an exact official
+// multi-skill directory name before centralized ownership metadata shipped.
+func IsLegacyOfficialSkillName(name string) bool {
+	_, ok := legacyOfficialSkillNames[name]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func Path(home string) string {
+	if configured := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("DWS_CONFIG_DIR")); configured != "" {
+		return filepath.Join(configured, stateFile)
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(home, ".dws", stateFile)
+}
+
+func Read(home string) (*State, bool, error) {
+	data, err := skillStateReadFile(Path(home))
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil, false, nil
+		}
+		return nil, false, err
+	}
+	var state State
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &state); err != nil {
+		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("skill 状态不可读: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &state, true, nil
+}
+
+func Write(home string, state State) error {
+	state.OfficialSkills = uniqueSorted(state.OfficialSkills)
+	state.UpdatedSkills = uniqueSorted(state.UpdatedSkills)
+	state.ManagedSkills = skillprovenance.Merge(nil, state.ManagedSkills)
+	data, _ := json.MarshalIndent(state, "", "  ")
+	if err := helpers.AtomicWriteJSON(Path(home), append(data, '\n')); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("保存 skill 状态失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func ManagedSkillNames(state *State) map[string]bool {
+	if state == nil {
+		return map[string]bool{}
+	}
+	return skillprovenance.Names(state.ManagedSkills)
+}
+
+func Remove(home string) error {
+	if err := skillStateRemove(Path(home)); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("清理 skill 状态失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func uniqueSorted(values []string) []string {
+	seen := make(map[string]bool, len(values))
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(values))
+	for _, value := range values {
+		if value == "" || seen[value] {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[value] = true
+		out = append(out, value)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(out)
+	return out
+}

internal/skillstate/state_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package skillstate
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillStateReadWriteRemoveAndErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("DWS_CONFIG_DIR", "")
+	home := t.TempDir()
+	if state, readable, err := Read(home); err != nil || readable || state != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("missing = %#v, %v, %v", state, readable, err)
+	}
+	want := State{
+		Version:        "1.2.3",
+		OfficialSkills: []string{"dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-a"},
+		UpdatedSkills:  []string{"dingtalk-a"},
+		ManagedSkills: []skillprovenance.Record{
+			{Name: "dingtalk-b", Version: "old"},
+			{Name: "dingtalk-a", Version: "1"},
+			{Name: "dingtalk-b", Version: "2"},
+		},
+	}
+	if err := Write(home, want); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got, readable, err := Read(home)
+	if err != nil || !readable || !reflect.DeepEqual(got.OfficialSkills, []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b"}) {
+		t.Fatalf("round trip = %#v, %v, %v", got, readable, err)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got.ManagedSkills, []skillprovenance.Record{{Name: "dingtalk-a", Version: "1"}, {Name: "dingtalk-b", Version: "2"}}) {
+		t.Fatalf("managed skills = %#v", got.ManagedSkills)
+	}
+	if names := ManagedSkillNames(got); !reflect.DeepEqual(names, map[string]bool{"dingtalk-a": true, "dingtalk-b": true}) {
+		t.Fatalf("managed names = %#v", names)
+	}
+	if names := ManagedSkillNames(nil); len(names) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("nil managed names = %#v", names)
+	}
+	if err := Remove(home); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := Remove(home); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	badHome := t.TempDir()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(Path(badHome)), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(Path(badHome), []byte("{"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, _, err := Read(badHome); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "不可读") {
+		t.Fatalf("malformed = %v", err)
+	}
+	blocked := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "home-file")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(blocked, []byte("x"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := Write(blocked, State{}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("blocked write succeeded")
+	}
+	failure := errors.New("denied")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillStateReadFile, func(string) ([]byte, error) { return nil, failure })
+	if _, _, err := Read(blocked); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+		t.Fatal("blocked read succeeded")
+	}
+	testseam.Swap(t, &skillStateRemove, func(string) error { return failure })
+	if err := Remove(blocked); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+		t.Fatal("blocked remove succeeded")
+	}
+	configured := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv("DWS_CONFIG_DIR", "  "+configured+"  ")
+	if Path("ignored") != filepath.Join(configured, stateFile) {
+		t.Fatal("configured path ignored")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageIsLegacyOfficialSkillName(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, name := range []string{"dingtalk-aitable", "dingtalk-devdoc", "dws-shared"} {
+		if !IsLegacyOfficialSkillName(name) {
+			t.Fatalf("historical official Skill %q not recognized", name)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, name := range []string{"dingtalk-custom", "other-skill", ""} {
+		if IsLegacyOfficialSkillName(name) {
+			t.Fatalf("user Skill %q must not be treated as historical official", name)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/upgrade/coverage_edges_test.go

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ func TestCrossPlatformCoverageUpgradePathsAndSkillsEdges(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	knownSkillDirs = []string{".agents/skills", ".real/skills", ".missing/skills", ".present/skills"}
 	result, err := UpgradeSkillLocations(source)
-	if err != nil || len(result.Succeeded()) != 2 || len(result.Failed()) != 0 {
+	if err != nil || len(result.Succeeded()) != 1 || len(result.Failed()) != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("skill upgrade = %#v, %v", result, err)
 	}
 	knownSkillDirs = []string{".real/skills"}

internal/upgrade/fortest.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package upgrade
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+// SwapUserHomeDirForTest swaps the home-dir seam used by UpgradeSkillLocations
+// and related upgrade path helpers. Restored via t.Cleanup; not safe with
+// t.Parallel.
+func SwapUserHomeDirForTest(t *testing.T, fn func() (string, error)) {
+	t.Helper()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeUserHomeDir, fn)
+}

internal/upgrade/paths.go

@@ -4,10 +4,17 @@
 package upgrade
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
 )
 
 // Permission constants following Unix best practices.
@@ -28,8 +35,10 @@ const (
 //   - test/scripts/package_script_test.go                   expectedPackagedSkillTargets
 //   - scripts/release/verify-package-managers.sh            HOME_AGENT_PARENTS / HOME_SKILL_TARGETS
 //
-// The first entry (.agents/skills) is always updated; subsequent entries are
-// only updated when their parent directory already exists.
+// The first entry (.agents/skills) is a generic fallback. It is used only
+// when no concrete Agent home is detected; otherwise publishing there would
+// duplicate every Skill for Agents (including Codex) that scan both roots.
+// Subsequent entries are updated when their parent directory already exists.
 var knownSkillDirs = []string{
 	".agents/skills",
 	".claude/skills",
@@ -38,6 +47,7 @@ var knownSkillDirs = []string{
 	".qoderwork/skills",
 	".gemini/skills",
 	".codex/skills",
+	".zcode/skills",
 	".github/skills",
 	".windsurf/skills",
 	".augment/skills",
@@ -50,13 +60,83 @@ var knownSkillDirs = []string{
 }
 
 var (
-	upgradeUserHomeDir  = os.UserHomeDir
-	upgradeExecutable   = os.Executable
-	upgradeEvalSymlinks = filepath.EvalSymlinks
-	upgradeCopyDir      = copyDir
-	upgradeEnsureDir    = ensureDir
+	upgradeUserHomeDir     = os.UserHomeDir
+	upgradeExecutable      = os.Executable
+	upgradeEvalSymlinks    = filepath.EvalSymlinks
+	upgradeCopyDir         = copyDir
+	upgradeEnsureDir       = ensureDir
+	upgradeRemoveAll       = os.RemoveAll
+	upgradeMkdirAll        = os.MkdirAll
+	upgradeMkdirTemp       = os.MkdirTemp
+	upgradeReadDir         = os.ReadDir
+	upgradeStat            = os.Stat
+	upgradeBuildProvenance = skillprovenance.Build
+	upgradeReadSkillState  = skillstate.Read
+	upgradeBackupStamp     = func() string { return time.Now().UTC().Format("20060102-150405") }
+	upgradeWriteSkillState = skillstate.Write
+	upgradeNow             = time.Now
 )
 
+// skillBackupSubdir is the user-level directory where skill directories are
+// preserved before a layout-changing install/upgrade removes them. Non-
+// interactive flows (install scripts, npm postinstall, `dws upgrade`) cannot
+// ask for confirmation, so deletions must stay reversible instead.
+const skillBackupSubdir = ".dws/skill-backups"
+
+// backupAndRemoveSkillDir moves dir into <homeDir>/.dws/skill-backups/
+// <stamp>/<rel> instead of destroying it, and returns the backup path. It is
+// fail-safe: a directory that cannot be backed up is NOT removed and the
+// error is returned so the caller can surface it (and never install the
+// opposite layout next to it silently). Missing paths and regular files are
+// no-ops ("", nil).
+func backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, dir string) (string, error) {
+	info, err := upgradeStat(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return "", nil
+		}
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("检查技能目录失败 %s: %w", dir, err)
+	}
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	rel, relErr := filepath.Rel(homeDir, dir)
+	if relErr != nil || rel == "." || strings.HasPrefix(rel, "..") {
+		rel = filepath.Base(dir)
+	}
+	name := strings.NewReplacer(string(filepath.Separator), "-", "/", "-").Replace(rel)
+	stamp := upgradeBackupStamp()
+	backupRoot := filepath.Join(homeDir, skillBackupSubdir, stamp)
+	target := filepath.Join(backupRoot, name)
+	for i := 1; ; i++ {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(target); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			break
+		}
+		backupRoot = filepath.Join(homeDir, skillBackupSubdir, fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d", stamp, i))
+		target = filepath.Join(backupRoot, name)
+		if i > 1000 {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("备份目录冲突无法解决: %s", target)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := upgradeMkdirAll(backupRoot, dirPermShared); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("创建备份目录失败 %s: %w", backupRoot, err)
+	}
+	if err := upgradeRename(dir, target); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("备份技能目录失败 %s: %w", dir, err)
+	}
+	// Keep the backup directory bounded; a prune failure must not fail the
+	// install (the backup itself succeeded).
+	_ = pruneSkillBackups(homeDir)
+	return target, nil
+}
+
+// BackupAndRemoveSkillDir is the exported wrapper over
+// backupAndRemoveSkillDir for callers outside the upgrade package (the
+// skill-setup channel in internal/app).
+func BackupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, dir string) (string, error) {
+	return backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, dir)
+}
+
 // skillDirBlacklist contains parent directories whose skills are managed by
 // external mechanisms (e.g. IDE extensions) and must NOT be touched by upgrade.
 var skillDirBlacklist = []string{
@@ -107,52 +187,415 @@ func (r *SkillUpgradeResult) Failed() []SkillDirResult {
 	return out
 }
 
-// UpgradeSkillLocations installs skills from extractedDir into all locations
-// where they are currently installed or expected.
+// UpgradeSkillLocations refreshes skills from extractedDir into agent homes.
+// extractedDir may be a multi-skill bundle root (subdirectories each containing
+// SKILL.md) or a legacy mono root (SKILL.md at its top level). Callers that
+// resolve a release zip usually pass LocateSkillsRoot's result (multi/
+// preferred when present).
+//
+// Package-driven layout:
+//   - release zip has multi/ → install and overwrite the complete official
+//     bundle. Locally deleted bundled skills are restored on the next upgrade;
+//     local absence is never treated as a persistent exclusion.
+//   - dingtalk-shared is mandatory whenever it exists in the bundle.
+//   - legacy zip with no multi tree → mono refresh path (unchanged fallback)
+//
+// Fresh install defaults to multi with opt-in mono via the interactive
+// `dws skill setup --mode mono` flow.
 //
 // Strategy (matches npm install.js installSkillsToHomes):
-//   - ~/.agents/skills/dws/ is ALWAYS updated (primary install location)
-//   - Other agent dirs (claude, cursor, ...) are updated only when the parent
-//     directory exists (e.g. ~/.claude/ exists => user has Claude)
+//   - Concrete agent dirs (claude, cursor, codex, ...) are updated when their
+//     parent directory exists (e.g. ~/.codex/ exists => user has Codex)
+//   - ~/.agents/skills/ is used only when no concrete Agent is detected
 //   - ~/.real/ and other blacklisted paths are NEVER touched
-//   - If no location was updated at all, fall back to ~/.agents/skills/dws/
+//   - If no location was updated at all, fall back to ~/.agents/skills/
+//
+// Opposite-mode leftovers are backed up to ~/.dws/skill-backups/ and then
+// removed so mono and multi never co-exist after an upgrade; a leftover that
+// cannot be backed up is never removed and fails that home. Same-name bundle
+// skills are refreshed in place (verified DWS-managed overwrite). Caches
+// under ~/.dws/skills/{multi,mono} are refreshed best-effort.
 func UpgradeSkillLocations(extractedDir string) (*SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
+	return UpgradeSkillLocationsWithOptions(extractedDir, SkillUpgradeOptions{})
+}
+
+type SkillUpgradeOptions struct {
+	Version string
+}
+
+func UpgradeSkillLocationsWithOptions(extractedDir string, opts SkillUpgradeOptions) (*SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
 	homeDir, err := upgradeUserHomeDir()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	result := &SkillUpgradeResult{}
+	multiRoot, skills := resolveMultiBundle(extractedDir)
+	if len(skills) > 0 {
+		official := append([]string(nil), skills...)
+		managedSkills, provenanceErr := buildUpgradeProvenanceRecords(multiRoot, official, opts.Version)
+		if provenanceErr != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("生成统一 Skill provenance 失败: %w", provenanceErr)
+		}
+		result, installErr := upgradeMultiSkillLocations(homeDir, multiRoot, official)
+		if installErr != nil {
+			return result, installErr
+		}
+		if len(result.Failed()) == 0 && len(result.Succeeded()) > 0 {
+			state := skillstate.State{
+				Version:        opts.Version,
+				OfficialSkills: official,
+				UpdatedSkills:  official,
+				ManagedSkills:  managedSkills,
+				UpdatedAt:      upgradeNow().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339),
+			}
+			if writeErr := upgradeWriteSkillState(homeDir, state); writeErr != nil {
+				return result, fmt.Errorf("skill 已同步但状态未写入: %w", writeErr)
+			}
+		}
+		return result, nil
+	}
+	monoSrc := resolveMonoSkillSrc(extractedDir)
+	if monoSrc != "" {
+		return upgradeMonoSkillLocations(homeDir, monoSrc)
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("升级包中找不到可安装的 skill 源")
+}
 
-	for i, agentDir := range knownSkillDirs {
+func buildUpgradeProvenanceRecords(root string, names []string, version string) ([]skillprovenance.Record, error) {
+	records := make([]skillprovenance.Record, 0, len(names))
+	for _, name := range names {
+		record, err := upgradeBuildProvenance(name, filepath.Join(root, name), version, skillprovenance.SourceUpgrade)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", name, err)
+		}
+		records = append(records, record)
+	}
+	return records, nil
+}
+
+// skillBackupKeep limits ~/.dws/skill-backups/ growth: only the newest
+// backups are kept.
+const skillBackupKeep = 5
+
+// pruneSkillBackups removes the oldest backup directories when more than
+// skillBackupKeep remain. Best-effort: a removal failure never aborts, but
+// pruning failures are reported so callers can warn the user.
+func pruneSkillBackups(homeDir string) error {
+	root := filepath.Join(homeDir, skillBackupSubdir)
+	entries, err := upgradeReadDir(root)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil
+		}
+		return err
+	}
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(entries))
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		if e.IsDir() {
+			names = append(names, e.Name())
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	var firstErr error
+	for len(names) > skillBackupKeep {
+		old := filepath.Join(root, names[0])
+		names = names[1:]
+		if err := upgradeRemoveAll(old); err != nil && firstErr == nil {
+			firstErr = err
+		}
+	}
+	return firstErr
+}
+
+// resolveMultiBundle returns the multi skill root and its skill names when
+// extractedDir is itself a bundle, or when a multi/ child of the parent
+// extract root carries one (LocateSkillsRoot already prefers that child).
+func resolveMultiBundle(extractedDir string) (string, []string) {
+	if skills := bundleSkillNames(extractedDir); len(skills) > 0 {
+		return extractedDir, skills
+	}
+	child := filepath.Join(extractedDir, "multi")
+	if skills := bundleSkillNames(child); len(skills) > 0 {
+		return child, skills
+	}
+	return "", nil
+}
+
+// resolveMonoSkillSrc finds a mono skill tree for the legacy mono-only
+// package fallback: the path itself, a sibling mono/ next to a multi root,
+// or the extract-root SKILL.md copy that release zips still ship.
+func resolveMonoSkillSrc(extractedDir string) string {
+	if skillTreeHasRoot(extractedDir) {
+		return extractedDir
+	}
+	sibling := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(extractedDir), "mono")
+	if skillTreeHasRoot(sibling) {
+		return sibling
+	}
+	parent := filepath.Dir(extractedDir)
+	if skillTreeHasRoot(parent) {
+		return parent
+	}
+	child := filepath.Join(extractedDir, "mono")
+	if skillTreeHasRoot(child) {
+		return child
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+type skillStageSpec struct {
+	src  string
+	dest string
+}
+
+type stagedSkillDir struct {
+	staged string
+	dest   string
+}
+
+type backedUpSkillDir struct {
+	original string
+	backup   string
+}
+
+// stageSkillSet builds a complete replacement next to its final destinations.
+// Nothing Agent-visible is changed until every copy succeeds.
+func stageSkillSet(destBase, prefix string, specs []skillStageSpec) (stageRoot string, staged []stagedSkillDir, err error) {
+	if err := upgradeMkdirAll(destBase, dirPermShared); err != nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("创建 Skill 目标目录失败 %s: %w", destBase, err)
+	}
+	stageRoot, err = upgradeMkdirTemp(destBase, prefix)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("创建 Skill staging 失败 %s: %w", destBase, err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err == nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if cleanupErr := upgradeRemoveAll(stageRoot); cleanupErr != nil {
+			err = errors.Join(err, fmt.Errorf("清理 Skill staging 失败 %s: %w", stageRoot, cleanupErr))
+		}
+	}()
+
+	staged = make([]stagedSkillDir, 0, len(specs))
+	for _, spec := range specs {
+		stageDir := filepath.Join(stageRoot, filepath.Base(spec.dest))
+		if err := upgradeCopyDir(spec.src, stageDir); err != nil {
+			return stageRoot, nil, fmt.Errorf("拷贝 Skill staging 失败 %s: %w", stageDir, err)
+		}
+		staged = append(staged, stagedSkillDir{staged: stageDir, dest: spec.dest})
+	}
+	return stageRoot, staged, nil
+}
+
+func uniqueSkillDirs(paths []string) []string {
+	seen := make(map[string]bool, len(paths))
+	unique := make([]string, 0, len(paths))
+	for _, path := range paths {
+		path = filepath.Clean(path)
+		if seen[path] {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[path] = true
+		unique = append(unique, path)
+	}
+	return unique
+}
+
+// restoreSkillSet removes any newly published directories, then restores all
+// original directories in reverse backup order.
+func restoreSkillSet(published []string, backups []backedUpSkillDir) error {
+	var restoreErr error
+	for i := len(published) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if err := upgradeRemoveAll(published[i]); err != nil {
+			restoreErr = errors.Join(restoreErr, fmt.Errorf("移除失败发布目录 %s: %w", published[i], err))
+		}
+	}
+	for i := len(backups) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		backup := backups[i]
+		if err := upgradeMkdirAll(filepath.Dir(backup.original), dirPermShared); err != nil {
+			restoreErr = errors.Join(restoreErr, fmt.Errorf("创建 Skill 恢复目录 %s: %w", filepath.Dir(backup.original), err))
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := upgradeRename(backup.backup, backup.original); err != nil {
+			restoreErr = errors.Join(restoreErr, fmt.Errorf("恢复原 Skill 失败 %s: %w", backup.original, err))
+		}
+	}
+	return restoreErr
+}
+
+// backupSkillSet moves every victim aside as one logical operation. If a
+// later backup fails, earlier moves are restored before the error is returned.
+func backupSkillSet(homeDir string, victims []string) ([]backedUpSkillDir, error) {
+	backups := make([]backedUpSkillDir, 0, len(victims))
+	for _, victim := range uniqueSkillDirs(victims) {
+		backup, err := backupAndRemoveSkillDir(homeDir, victim)
+		if err != nil {
+			if restoreErr := restoreSkillSet(nil, backups); restoreErr != nil {
+				return nil, errors.Join(err, fmt.Errorf("恢复已备份 Skill 失败: %w", restoreErr))
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if backup != "" {
+			backups = append(backups, backedUpSkillDir{original: victim, backup: backup})
+		}
+	}
+	return backups, nil
+}
+
+// publishStagedSkillSet switches a fully staged set into place. Any publish
+// failure removes the partial new set and restores every original directory.
+func publishStagedSkillSet(homeDir string, staged []stagedSkillDir, victims []string) error {
+	backups, err := backupSkillSet(homeDir, victims)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	published := make([]string, 0, len(staged))
+	for _, skill := range staged {
+		if err := upgradeRename(skill.staged, skill.dest); err != nil {
+			publishErr := fmt.Errorf("发布 Skill 失败 %s: %w", skill.dest, err)
+			if restoreErr := restoreSkillSet(published, backups); restoreErr != nil {
+				return errors.Join(publishErr, fmt.Errorf("恢复原 Skill 集合失败: %w", restoreErr))
+			}
+			return publishErr
+		}
+		published = append(published, skill.dest)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func monoUpgradeVictims(baseDir, destDir string, managed ...map[string]bool) ([]string, error) {
+	victims, err := managedMultiSkillVictims(baseDir, managed...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return append(victims, destDir), nil
+}
+
+func multiUpgradeVictims(destBase string, skillSet map[string]bool, skills []string, managed ...map[string]bool) ([]string, error) {
+	victims, err := oppositeModeSkillVictims(destBase, skillSet, managed...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	for _, name := range skills {
+		victims = append(victims, filepath.Join(destBase, name))
+	}
+	return victims, nil
+}
+
+func publishMonoUpgradeTarget(homeDir, destBase, skillSrc string, managed ...map[string]bool) error {
+	destDir := filepath.Join(destBase, "dws")
+	victims, err := monoUpgradeVictims(destBase, destDir, managed...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	stageRoot, staged, err := stageSkillSet(destBase, ".dws-upgrade-mono-", []skillStageSpec{{src: skillSrc, dest: destDir}})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = upgradeRemoveAll(stageRoot) }()
+	return publishStagedSkillSet(homeDir, staged, victims)
+}
+
+func publishMultiUpgradeTarget(homeDir, destBase, multiRoot string, skills []string, skillSet map[string]bool, managed ...map[string]bool) error {
+	victims, err := multiUpgradeVictims(destBase, skillSet, skills, managed...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	specs := make([]skillStageSpec, 0, len(skills))
+	for _, name := range skills {
+		specs = append(specs, skillStageSpec{
+			src:  filepath.Join(multiRoot, name),
+			dest: filepath.Join(destBase, name),
+		})
+	}
+	stageRoot, staged, err := stageSkillSet(destBase, ".dws-upgrade-multi-", specs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = upgradeRemoveAll(stageRoot) }()
+	return publishStagedSkillSet(homeDir, staged, victims)
+}
+
+func hasDetectedSpecificSkillRoot(homeDir string) bool {
+	for _, agentDir := range knownSkillDirs {
+		if isGenericSkillRoot(agentDir) || isBlacklisted(agentDir) {
+			continue
+		}
+		parentGate := filepath.Dir(filepath.Join(homeDir, agentDir))
+		if info, err := upgradeStat(parentGate); err == nil && info.IsDir() {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func isGenericSkillRoot(agentDir string) bool {
+	return filepath.Clean(agentDir) == filepath.Clean(".agents/skills")
+}
+
+func retireGenericSkillRoot(homeDir string, managed map[string]bool) error {
+	base := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills")
+	victims, err := managedMultiSkillVictims(base, managed)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	victims = append(victims, filepath.Join(base, "dws"))
+	if _, err := backupSkillSet(homeDir, victims); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("迁移通用 Skill 根目录失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// upgradeMonoSkillLocations is the legacy mono behavior: one dws/ directory
+// per agent home.
+func upgradeMonoSkillLocations(homeDir, skillSrc string) (*SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
+	result := &SkillUpgradeResult{}
+	managedNames := readManagedSkillNames(homeDir)
+	hasSpecificRoot := hasDetectedSpecificSkillRoot(homeDir)
+
+	for _, agentDir := range knownSkillDirs {
 		destDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, agentDir, "dws")
 
 		if isBlacklisted(agentDir) {
 			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destDir, Status: SkillDirBlacklisted})
 			continue
 		}
+		if isGenericSkillRoot(agentDir) && hasSpecificRoot {
+			continue
+		}
 
-		if i > 0 {
+		if !isGenericSkillRoot(agentDir) {
 			parentGate := filepath.Dir(filepath.Join(homeDir, agentDir))
-			if _, err := os.Stat(parentGate); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			if _, err := upgradeStat(parentGate); os.IsNotExist(err) {
 				result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destDir, Status: SkillDirSkipped})
 				continue
 			}
 		}
 
-		os.RemoveAll(destDir)
-		if err := upgradeCopyDir(extractedDir, destDir); err != nil {
+		if err := publishMonoUpgradeTarget(homeDir, filepath.Join(homeDir, agentDir), skillSrc, managedNames); err != nil {
 			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destDir, Status: SkillDirFailed, Err: err})
 			continue
 		}
 		result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destDir, Status: SkillDirOK})
 	}
+	if hasSpecificRoot && len(result.Succeeded()) > 0 {
+		genericBase := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills")
+		if err := retireGenericSkillRoot(homeDir, managedNames); err != nil {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: genericBase, Status: SkillDirFailed, Err: err})
+		} else {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: genericBase, Status: SkillDirSkipped})
+		}
+	}
 
-	// Fallback: if nothing succeeded, force the primary location
-	if len(result.Succeeded()) == 0 {
-		dest := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills", "dws")
-		os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(dest), dirPermShared)
-		if err := upgradeCopyDir(extractedDir, dest); err != nil {
+	// Fallback: if nothing succeeded, force the primary location. The multi
+	// leftovers under the primary base are the usual reason the primary
+	// install failed, so clean them first — failing loud like the multi
+	// fallback — instead of letting mono and multi co-exist marked OK.
+	if len(result.Succeeded()) == 0 && !hasSpecificRoot {
+		destBase := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills")
+		dest := filepath.Join(destBase, "dws")
+		if err := publishMonoUpgradeTarget(homeDir, destBase, skillSrc, managedNames); err != nil {
 			return result, fmt.Errorf("所有技能目录安装失败，回退到主目录也失败: %w", err)
 		}
 		// Replace the earlier failed entry for this dir (if any) or append a new one
@@ -169,9 +612,279 @@ func UpgradeSkillLocations(extractedDir string) (*SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Best-effort: refresh the user-level mono cache so that
+	// `dws skill setup --mode mono` fallbacks stay on the upgraded version
+	// (symmetric with the multi cache refresh in upgradeMultiSkillLocations).
+	_ = refreshSkillCache(homeDir, "mono", skillSrc)
+
 	return result, nil
 }
 
+// upgradeMultiSkillLocations installs every skill of the multi bundle into
+// each agent home as sibling directories and backs up + removes the
+// opposite-mode leftovers. A home is marked failed (and multi is NOT
+// installed into it) when leftover backup/removal fails, so mono and multi
+// never co-exist.
+func upgradeMultiSkillLocations(homeDir, multiRoot string, skills []string) (*SkillUpgradeResult, error) {
+	skillSet := make(map[string]bool, len(skills))
+	for _, s := range skills {
+		skillSet[s] = true
+	}
+
+	result := &SkillUpgradeResult{}
+	managedNames := readManagedSkillNames(homeDir)
+	hasSpecificRoot := hasDetectedSpecificSkillRoot(homeDir)
+
+	for _, agentDir := range knownSkillDirs {
+		destBase := filepath.Join(homeDir, agentDir)
+
+		if isBlacklisted(agentDir) {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destBase, Status: SkillDirBlacklisted})
+			continue
+		}
+		if isGenericSkillRoot(agentDir) && hasSpecificRoot {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if !isGenericSkillRoot(agentDir) {
+			parentGate := filepath.Dir(destBase)
+			if _, err := upgradeStat(parentGate); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destBase, Status: SkillDirSkipped})
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := publishMultiUpgradeTarget(homeDir, destBase, multiRoot, skills, skillSet, managedNames); err != nil {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destBase, Status: SkillDirFailed, Err: err})
+			continue
+		}
+		result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destBase, Status: SkillDirOK})
+	}
+	if hasSpecificRoot && len(result.Succeeded()) > 0 {
+		genericBase := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills")
+		if err := retireGenericSkillRoot(homeDir, managedNames); err != nil {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: genericBase, Status: SkillDirFailed, Err: err})
+		} else {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: genericBase, Status: SkillDirSkipped})
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Fallback: if nothing succeeded, force the primary location
+	if len(result.Succeeded()) == 0 && !hasSpecificRoot {
+		destBase := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills")
+		if err := publishMultiUpgradeTarget(homeDir, destBase, multiRoot, skills, skillSet, managedNames); err != nil {
+			return result, fmt.Errorf("所有技能目录安装失败，回退到主目录也失败: %w", err)
+		}
+		// Replace the earlier failed entry for this dir (if any) or append a new one
+		replaced := false
+		for idx, r := range result.Results {
+			if r.Dir == destBase {
+				result.Results[idx] = SkillDirResult{Dir: destBase, Status: SkillDirOK}
+				replaced = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !replaced {
+			result.Results = append(result.Results, SkillDirResult{Dir: destBase, Status: SkillDirOK})
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Best-effort: refresh the user-level caches so that `dws skill setup`
+	// fallbacks stay on the upgraded version. The release zip ships both
+	// trees, so when the sibling mono/ tree is present the mono cache is
+	// refreshed as well.
+	_ = refreshSkillCache(homeDir, "multi", multiRoot)
+	if monoSrc := filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(multiRoot), "mono"); skillTreeHasRoot(monoSrc) {
+		_ = refreshSkillCache(homeDir, "mono", monoSrc)
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// refreshSkillCache mirrors src into ~/.dws/skills/<name>/ through a staged
+// sibling directory. The existing cache is moved aside only after the staged
+// copy is complete, and is restored if publishing the new cache fails.
+func refreshSkillCache(homeDir, name, src string) error {
+	cacheDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".dws", "skills", name)
+	cacheParent := filepath.Dir(cacheDir)
+	if err := upgradeMkdirAll(cacheParent, dirPermShared); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("创建 Skill 缓存目录失败 %s: %w", cacheParent, err)
+	}
+
+	stagedDir, err := upgradeMkdirTemp(cacheParent, "."+name+".tmp-")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("创建 Skill 缓存临时目录失败 %s: %w", cacheParent, err)
+	}
+	stagedPublished := false
+	defer func() {
+		if !stagedPublished {
+			_ = upgradeRemoveAll(stagedDir)
+		}
+	}()
+	if err := upgradeCopyDir(src, stagedDir); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("暂存 Skill 缓存失败 %s: %w", stagedDir, err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := upgradeStat(cacheDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		if err := upgradeRename(stagedDir, cacheDir); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("发布 Skill 缓存失败 %s: %w", cacheDir, err)
+		}
+		stagedPublished = true
+		return nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("检查 Skill 缓存失败 %s: %w", cacheDir, err)
+	}
+
+	rollbackDir, err := upgradeMkdirTemp(cacheParent, "."+name+".old-")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("创建 Skill 缓存回滚目录失败 %s: %w", cacheParent, err)
+	}
+	if err := upgradeRemoveAll(rollbackDir); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("准备 Skill 缓存回滚目录失败 %s: %w", rollbackDir, err)
+	}
+	if err := upgradeRename(cacheDir, rollbackDir); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("暂存原 Skill 缓存失败 %s: %w", cacheDir, err)
+	}
+	if err := upgradeRename(stagedDir, cacheDir); err != nil {
+		if restoreErr := upgradeRename(rollbackDir, cacheDir); restoreErr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("发布 Skill 缓存失败 %s: %w（恢复原缓存也失败: %v）", cacheDir, err, restoreErr)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("发布 Skill 缓存失败 %s: %w", cacheDir, err)
+	}
+	stagedPublished = true
+	_ = upgradeRemoveAll(rollbackDir)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// skillTreeHasRoot reports whether dir carries a top-level SKILL.md.
+func skillTreeHasRoot(dir string) bool {
+	info, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"))
+	return err == nil && !info.IsDir()
+}
+
+// cleanupMultiLeftovers backs up + removes every proven DWS-managed
+// multi-mode skill directory inside one agent home before mono is installed.
+// A missing base directory simply means no leftovers; any other read failure
+// is reported so mono never silently co-exists with multi. Removal is
+// reversible: each leftover is preserved under ~/.dws/skill-backups/ and a
+// backup failure aborts the removal for that home.
+func cleanupMultiLeftovers(homeDir, baseDir string) error {
+	victims, err := managedMultiSkillVictims(baseDir, readManagedSkillNames(homeDir))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := backupSkillSet(homeDir, victims); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("备份并清理 multi 残留失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func managedMultiSkillVictims(baseDir string, managed ...map[string]bool) ([]string, error) {
+	entries, err := upgradeReadDir(baseDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("读取技能目录失败 %s: %w", baseDir, err)
+	}
+	victims := make([]string, 0)
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		if !e.IsDir() || !isManagedMultiSkillDir(filepath.Join(baseDir, e.Name()), managed...) {
+			continue
+		}
+		victims = append(victims, filepath.Join(baseDir, e.Name()))
+	}
+	return victims, nil
+}
+
+// cleanupOppositeModeLeftovers backs up + removes, inside one agent home, the
+// legacy mono directory (dws/) and every proven DWS-managed multi skill
+// directory that is not part of the new bundle. A dingtalk-* prefix alone is
+// not proof of ownership because market/user skills may use the same prefix.
+// Removal is reversible: each
+// directory is preserved under ~/.dws/skill-backups/ and a backup failure
+// aborts the removal for that home.
+func cleanupOppositeModeLeftovers(homeDir, destBase string, skillSet map[string]bool) error {
+	victims, err := oppositeModeSkillVictims(destBase, skillSet, readManagedSkillNames(homeDir))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := backupSkillSet(homeDir, victims); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("备份并清理对面模式残留失败: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func oppositeModeSkillVictims(destBase string, skillSet map[string]bool, managed ...map[string]bool) ([]string, error) {
+	victims := []string{filepath.Join(destBase, "dws")}
+	entries, err := upgradeReadDir(destBase)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return victims, nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("读取技能目录失败 %s: %w", destBase, err)
+	}
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		if !e.IsDir() || skillSet[e.Name()] || !isManagedMultiSkillDir(filepath.Join(destBase, e.Name()), managed...) {
+			continue
+		}
+		victims = append(victims, filepath.Join(destBase, e.Name()))
+	}
+	return victims, nil
+}
+
+// isManagedMultiSkillDir accepts only centralized metadata or the frozen exact
+// official-name migration list. Files inside Skill directories are ignored.
+func isManagedMultiSkillDir(dir string, managed ...map[string]bool) bool {
+	if skillstate.IsLegacyOfficialSkillName(filepath.Base(dir)) {
+		return true
+	}
+	return len(managed) > 0 && managed[0][filepath.Base(dir)]
+}
+
+func readManagedSkillNames(homeDir string) map[string]bool {
+	state, readable, err := upgradeReadSkillState(homeDir)
+	if err != nil || !readable {
+		return map[string]bool{}
+	}
+	return skillstate.ManagedSkillNames(state)
+}
+
+// bundleSkillNames returns the sorted names of subdirectories of dir that
+// contain a SKILL.md. It returns nil when dir itself carries a top-level
+// SKILL.md (mono layout) so callers can distinguish the two layouts.
+func bundleSkillNames(dir string) []string {
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md")); err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var names []string
+	for _, e := range entries {
+		if !e.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, e.Name(), "SKILL.md")); err == nil {
+			names = append(names, e.Name())
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	return names
+}
+
+// LocateSkillsRoot resolves the skill root inside an extracted dws-skills.zip,
+// preferring the multi bundle ({extractDir}/multi) over the legacy mono
+// layouts handled by LocateSkillMD.
+func LocateSkillsRoot(extractDir string) string {
+	multiRoot := filepath.Join(extractDir, "multi")
+	if skills := bundleSkillNames(multiRoot); len(skills) > 0 {
+		return multiRoot
+	}
+	return LocateSkillMD(extractDir)
+}
+
 // LocateSkillMD finds the directory containing SKILL.md in an extracted zip.
 // It handles both flat layouts (SKILL.md at root) and nested layouts (dws/SKILL.md).
 func LocateSkillMD(extractDir string) string {

internal/upgrade/paths_test.go

@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ func TestLocateSkillMD(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestUpgradeSkillLocations(t *testing.T) {
+	// Fake HOME: the mono path refreshes ~/.dws/skills/mono best-effort, and
+	// the test must never touch the real user cache.
+	homeDir := withFakeHome(t)
+
 	skillSrc := t.TempDir()
 	os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(skillSrc, "SKILL.md"), []byte("# test skill"), 0644)
 	os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(skillSrc, "references"), 0755)
@@ -74,7 +78,6 @@ func TestUpgradeSkillLocations(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("UpgradeSkillLocations() returned 0 succeeded locations")
 	}
 
-	homeDir, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
 	primaryDest := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".agents", "skills", "dws")
 
 	found := false

internal/upgrade/skill_cache_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package upgrade
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+func writeSkillCacheFixture(t *testing.T, dir, content string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte(content), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func readSkillCacheFixture(t *testing.T, dir string) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read cache fixture: %v", err)
+	}
+	return string(data)
+}
+
+// TestCrossPlatformCoverageRefreshSkillCacheTransaction pins the cache refresh
+// transaction on every platform: copying is staged before the old cache moves,
+// and a publish failure restores the prior usable cache.
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageRefreshSkillCacheTransaction(t *testing.T) {
+	newSource := func(t *testing.T) string {
+		t.Helper()
+		src := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, src, "new")
+		return src
+	}
+	cachePath := func(home string) string {
+		return filepath.Join(home, ".dws", "skills", "multi")
+	}
+	assertOldCache := func(t *testing.T, home string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if got := readSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home)); got != "old" {
+			t.Fatalf("cache content = %q, want old", got)
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("replace existing cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if got := readSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home)); got != "new" {
+			t.Fatalf("cache content = %q, want new", got)
+		}
+		entries, err := os.ReadDir(filepath.Dir(cachePath(home)))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if len(entries) != 1 || entries[0].Name() != "multi" {
+			t.Fatalf("cache parent entries = %v, want only multi", entries)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("publish new cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if got := readSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home)); got != "new" {
+			t.Fatalf("cache content = %q, want new", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("parent creation failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		failure := errors.New("mkdir denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("staging creation failure preserves old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("temp denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeMkdirTemp, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("copy failure preserves old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("copy denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeCopyDir, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("cache stat failure preserves old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("stat denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeStat, func(string) (os.FileInfo, error) { return nil, failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("new cache publish failure cleans staging", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		failure := errors.New("rename denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		entries, err := os.ReadDir(filepath.Dir(cachePath(home)))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if len(entries) != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("cache parent entries = %v, want empty", entries)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rollback staging creation failure preserves old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("rollback temp denied")
+		original := upgradeMkdirTemp
+		calls := 0
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeMkdirTemp, func(dir, pattern string) (string, error) {
+			calls++
+			if calls == 2 {
+				return "", failure
+			}
+			return original(dir, pattern)
+		})
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("rollback preparation failure preserves old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("remove denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRemoveAll, func(string) error { return failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("old cache move failure preserves old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("old move denied")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("publish failure restores old cache", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		failure := errors.New("publish denied")
+		original := upgradeRename
+		calls := 0
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dst string) error {
+			calls++
+			if calls == 2 {
+				return failure
+			}
+			return original(src, dst)
+		})
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want %v", err, failure)
+		}
+		assertOldCache(t, home)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("restore failure reports both errors and retains backup", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		publishFailure := errors.New("publish denied")
+		restoreFailure := errors.New("restore denied")
+		original := upgradeRename
+		calls := 0
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dst string) error {
+			calls++
+			switch calls {
+			case 2:
+				return publishFailure
+			case 3:
+				return restoreFailure
+			default:
+				return original(src, dst)
+			}
+		})
+		err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t))
+		if !errors.Is(err, publishFailure) || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), restoreFailure.Error()) {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v, want publish and restore errors", err)
+		}
+		matches, globErr := filepath.Glob(filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(cachePath(home)), ".multi.old-*", "SKILL.md"))
+		if globErr != nil || len(matches) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("rollback cache matches = %v, err = %v", matches, globErr)
+		}
+		if got := readSkillCacheFixture(t, filepath.Dir(matches[0])); got != "old" {
+			t.Fatalf("rollback cache content = %q, want old", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("post publish cleanup is best effort", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		writeSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home), "old")
+		original := upgradeRemoveAll
+		calls := 0
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRemoveAll, func(path string) error {
+			calls++
+			if calls == 2 {
+				return errors.New("cleanup denied")
+			}
+			return original(path)
+		})
+		if err := refreshSkillCache(home, "multi", newSource(t)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("refreshSkillCache() error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if got := readSkillCacheFixture(t, cachePath(home)); got != "new" {
+			t.Fatalf("cache content = %q, want new", got)
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/upgrade/skill_publish_transaction_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Alibaba Group
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+
+package upgrade
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+func seedUpgradeSkill(t *testing.T, dir, content string, managed bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"), []byte(content), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	_ = managed
+}
+
+func assertUpgradeSkillContent(t *testing.T, dir, want string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	got, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "SKILL.md"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read %s: %v", dir, err)
+	}
+	if string(got) != want {
+		t.Fatalf("%s content = %q, want %q", dir, got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func assertNoUpgradeStaging(t *testing.T, base string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(base)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(entry.Name(), ".dws-upgrade-") {
+			t.Fatalf("staging directory leaked after failed transaction: %s", filepath.Join(base, entry.Name()))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func seedMultiUpgradeTarget(t *testing.T) (home, base, multiRoot string, skills []string, skillSet map[string]bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+	home = t.TempDir()
+	base = filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	seedUpgradeSkill(t, filepath.Join(base, "dws"), "old mono", false)
+	seedUpgradeSkill(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-a"), "old a", true)
+	seedUpgradeSkill(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-b"), "old b", true)
+	seedUpgradeSkill(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-stale"), "old stale", true)
+	multiRoot = writeMultiBundle(t, t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b")
+	skills = []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b"}
+	skillSet = map[string]bool{"dingtalk-a": true, "dingtalk-b": true}
+	useUpgradeManagedNames(t, "dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-stale")
+	return home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet
+}
+
+func assertOriginalMultiUpgradeTarget(t *testing.T, base string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	assertUpgradeSkillContent(t, filepath.Join(base, "dws"), "old mono")
+	assertUpgradeSkillContent(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-a"), "old a")
+	assertUpgradeSkillContent(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-b"), "old b")
+	assertUpgradeSkillContent(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-stale"), "old stale")
+	assertNoUpgradeStaging(t, base)
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMultiUpgradeTransactionPreservesOldSet(t *testing.T) {
+	failure := errors.New("injected transaction failure")
+
+	t.Run("copy failure before backup", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet := seedMultiUpgradeTarget(t)
+		originalCopy := upgradeCopyDir
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeCopyDir, func(src, dest string) error {
+			if filepath.Base(src) == "dingtalk-b" {
+				return failure
+			}
+			return originalCopy(src, dest)
+		})
+		if err := publishMultiUpgradeTarget(home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("copy failure = %v, want injected failure", err)
+		}
+		assertOriginalMultiUpgradeTarget(t, base)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("backup failure restores earlier victims", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet := seedMultiUpgradeTarget(t)
+		originalRename := upgradeRename
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dest string) error {
+			if src == filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-b") {
+				return failure
+			}
+			return originalRename(src, dest)
+		})
+		if err := publishMultiUpgradeTarget(home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("backup failure = %v, want injected failure", err)
+		}
+		assertOriginalMultiUpgradeTarget(t, base)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("publish failure rolls back complete set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet := seedMultiUpgradeTarget(t)
+		originalRename := upgradeRename
+		failed := false
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dest string) error {
+			if !failed && strings.Contains(src, ".dws-upgrade-multi-") && filepath.Base(dest) == "dingtalk-b" {
+				failed = true
+				return failure
+			}
+			return originalRename(src, dest)
+		})
+		if err := publishMultiUpgradeTarget(home, base, multiRoot, skills, skillSet); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("publish failure = %v, want injected failure", err)
+		}
+		assertOriginalMultiUpgradeTarget(t, base)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageMonoUpgradeTransactionPreservesOldSet(t *testing.T) {
+	failure := errors.New("injected mono transaction failure")
+	seed := func(t *testing.T) (home, base, monoRoot string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		home = t.TempDir()
+		base = filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+		seedUpgradeSkill(t, filepath.Join(base, "dws"), "old mono", false)
+		seedUpgradeSkill(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-a"), "old multi", true)
+		useUpgradeManagedNames(t, "dingtalk-a")
+		monoRoot = t.TempDir()
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(monoRoot, "SKILL.md"), []byte("new mono"), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		return home, base, monoRoot
+	}
+	assertOld := func(t *testing.T, base string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		assertUpgradeSkillContent(t, filepath.Join(base, "dws"), "old mono")
+		assertUpgradeSkillContent(t, filepath.Join(base, "dingtalk-a"), "old multi")
+		assertNoUpgradeStaging(t, base)
+	}
+
+	t.Run("copy failure before backup", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home, base, monoRoot := seed(t)
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeCopyDir, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		if err := publishMonoUpgradeTarget(home, base, monoRoot); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("copy failure = %v, want injected failure", err)
+		}
+		assertOld(t, base)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("publish failure rolls back mono and multi", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home, base, monoRoot := seed(t)
+		originalRename := upgradeRename
+		failed := false
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dest string) error {
+			if !failed && strings.Contains(src, ".dws-upgrade-mono-") && filepath.Base(dest) == "dws" {
+				failed = true
+				return failure
+			}
+			return originalRename(src, dest)
+		})
+		if err := publishMonoUpgradeTarget(home, base, monoRoot); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("publish failure = %v, want injected failure", err)
+		}
+		assertOld(t, base)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillPublishTransactionFailureEdges(t *testing.T) {
+	failure := errors.New("injected failure")
+	restoreFailure := errors.New("injected restore failure")
+
+	t.Run("stage setup and cleanup failures", func(t *testing.T) {
+		destBase := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "skills")
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return failure })
+		if _, _, err := stageSkillSet(destBase, ".stage-", nil); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("stage parent failure = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("stage temp failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeMkdirTemp, func(string, string) (string, error) { return "", failure })
+		if _, _, err := stageSkillSet(t.TempDir(), ".stage-", nil); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("stage temp failure = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("stage cleanup failure joins copy error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		destBase := t.TempDir()
+		src := t.TempDir()
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeCopyDir, func(string, string) error { return failure })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRemoveAll, func(string) error { return restoreFailure })
+		_, _, err := stageSkillSet(destBase, ".stage-", []skillStageSpec{{src: src, dest: filepath.Join(destBase, "dws")}})
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !errors.Is(err, restoreFailure) {
+			t.Fatalf("joined stage cleanup error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("duplicate victims are removed once", func(t *testing.T) {
+		path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "dws")
+		got := uniqueSkillDirs([]string{path, path})
+		if len(got) != 1 || got[0] != path {
+			t.Fatalf("uniqueSkillDirs = %v", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("restore reports removal and directory failures", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRemoveAll, func(string) error { return failure })
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeMkdirAll, func(string, os.FileMode) error { return restoreFailure })
+		err := restoreSkillSet(
+			[]string{filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "published")},
+			[]backedUpSkillDir{{original: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "old"), backup: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "backup")}},
+		)
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !errors.Is(err, restoreFailure) {
+			t.Fatalf("restore removal/directory error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("restore reports rename failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(string, string) error { return restoreFailure })
+		err := restoreSkillSet(nil, []backedUpSkillDir{{original: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "old"), backup: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "backup")}})
+		if !errors.Is(err, restoreFailure) {
+			t.Fatalf("restore rename error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("backup failure joins restore failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		first := filepath.Join(home, "first")
+		second := filepath.Join(home, "second")
+		seedUpgradeSkill(t, first, "first", false)
+		seedUpgradeSkill(t, second, "second", false)
+		originalRename := upgradeRename
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dest string) error {
+			switch {
+			case src == second:
+				return failure
+			case strings.Contains(filepath.ToSlash(src), skillBackupSubdir):
+				return restoreFailure
+			default:
+				return originalRename(src, dest)
+			}
+		})
+		_, err := backupSkillSet(home, []string{first, second})
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !errors.Is(err, restoreFailure) {
+			t.Fatalf("backup/restore error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("publish failure joins restore failure", func(t *testing.T) {
+		home := t.TempDir()
+		old := filepath.Join(home, "skills", "dws")
+		staged := filepath.Join(home, "skills", ".stage", "dws")
+		seedUpgradeSkill(t, old, "old", false)
+		seedUpgradeSkill(t, staged, "new", false)
+		originalRename := upgradeRename
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeRename, func(src, dest string) error {
+			switch {
+			case src == staged:
+				return failure
+			case strings.Contains(filepath.ToSlash(src), skillBackupSubdir):
+				return restoreFailure
+			default:
+				return originalRename(src, dest)
+			}
+		})
+		err := publishStagedSkillSet(home, []stagedSkillDir{{staged: staged, dest: old}}, []string{old})
+		if !errors.Is(err, failure) || !errors.Is(err, restoreFailure) {
+			t.Fatalf("publish/restore error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("victim scans fail closed", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeReadDir, func(string) ([]os.DirEntry, error) { return nil, failure })
+		base := t.TempDir()
+		if _, err := monoUpgradeVictims(base, filepath.Join(base, "dws")); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("mono victim scan error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if _, err := multiUpgradeVictims(base, map[string]bool{}, []string{"dingtalk-a"}); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("multi victim scan error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := publishMultiUpgradeTarget(base, base, base, []string{"dingtalk-a"}, map[string]bool{}); !errors.Is(err, failure) {
+			t.Fatalf("multi target victim scan error = %v", err)
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/upgrade/skill_sync_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package upgrade
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillprovenance"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/skillstate"
+	"github.com/DingTalk-Real-AI/dingtalk-workspace-cli/internal/testseam"
+)
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageSkillUpgradeAlwaysRestoresOfficialBundle(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("DWS_CONFIG_DIR", "")
+	home := withFakeHome(t)
+	testseam.Swap(t, &knownSkillDirs, []string{".agents/skills"})
+	testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeNow, func() time.Time { return time.Date(2026, 8, 10, 1, 2, 3, 0, time.UTC) })
+	base := filepath.Join(home, ".agents", "skills")
+	for _, name := range []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-shared"} {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(base, name), 0o755); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(base, name, "SKILL.md"), []byte("old"), 0o644); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := skillstate.Write(home, skillstate.State{OfficialSkills: []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-shared"}}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	multi := writeMultiBundle(t, t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-c", "dingtalk-shared")
+	result, err := UpgradeSkillLocationsWithOptions(multi, SkillUpgradeOptions{Version: "1.1.0"})
+	if err != nil || len(result.Failed()) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("full refresh = %#v, %v", result, err)
+	}
+	for _, name := range []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-c", "dingtalk-shared"} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(base, name, "SKILL.md")); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("official Skill %s was not restored: %v", name, err)
+		}
+	}
+	state, readable, err := skillstate.Read(home)
+	wantOfficial := []string{"dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-c", "dingtalk-shared"}
+	if err != nil || !readable || !reflect.DeepEqual(state.OfficialSkills, wantOfficial) || !reflect.DeepEqual(state.UpdatedSkills, wantOfficial) {
+		t.Fatalf("state = %#v, %v, %v", state, readable, err)
+	}
+	if len(state.ManagedSkills) != len(wantOfficial) {
+		t.Fatalf("managed provenance = %#v", state.ManagedSkills)
+	}
+	for _, provenance := range state.ManagedSkills {
+		if provenance.Version != "1.1.0" || provenance.Source != skillprovenance.SourceUpgrade || !strings.HasPrefix(provenance.Digest, "sha256:") {
+			t.Fatalf("provenance = %#v", provenance)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCrossPlatformCoverageFullSkillUpgradeIgnoresOldStateAndReportsWriteFailure(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("DWS_CONFIG_DIR", "")
+	testseam.Swap(t, &knownSkillDirs, []string{".agents/skills"})
+	multi := writeMultiBundle(t, t.TempDir(), "dingtalk-a", "dingtalk-b", "dingtalk-shared")
+	home := withFakeHome(t)
+	statePath := skillstate.Path(home)
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(statePath), 0o755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(statePath, []byte("{"), 0o600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	result, err := UpgradeSkillLocationsWithOptions(multi, SkillUpgradeOptions{})
+	if err != nil || len(result.Succeeded()) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("corrupt old state should not block full refresh = %#v, %v", result, err)
+	}
+	home2 := t.TempDir()
+	testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeUserHomeDir, func() (string, error) { return home2, nil })
+	testseam.Swap(t, &upgradeWriteSkillState, func(string, skillstate.State) error { return errors.New("denied") })
+	result, err = UpgradeSkillLocationsWithOptions(multi, SkillUpgradeOptions{})
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "状态未写入") || len(result.Succeeded()) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("write failure = %#v, %v", result, err)
+	}
+}

scripts/gen_shortcut_public_catalog.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ SEMANTIC_PATHS = [
     ROOT / "internal" / "shortcut" / "semantic_catalog_doc.json",
     ROOT / "internal" / "shortcut" / "semantic_catalog_aitable.json",
     ROOT / "internal" / "shortcut" / "semantic_catalog_minutes.json",
+    ROOT / "internal" / "shortcut" / "semantic_catalog_drive.json",
 ]
 
 

scripts/gen_skill_shortcut_sections.py

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ RUNTIME_CONTRACT_END = "<!-- DWS_RUNTIME_CONTRACT_END -->"
 # here only after verifying that the product skill has its own reviewed routing
 # section and intent table; compacting a sparse skill without an alternative
 # route would make its shortcuts harder to discover.
-COMPACT_PRODUCT_SERVICES = {"chat", "doc"}
+COMPACT_PRODUCT_SERVICES = {"chat", "doc", "drive"}
 
 
 def md_escape(value: Any) -> str:
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ def compact_product_section(service: str, rows: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> str:
     # to recover every runtime-normalized declaration. The reviewed public
     # catalog is the count authority for this non-enumerating overview.
     public_count = sum(1 for item_service, _ in load_public_catalog() if item_service == service)
-    if service == "doc":
+    if service in {"doc", "drive"}:
         discovery = """已知意图按下方路由。"""
     else:
         discovery = """已知意图直接使用下方的优先路由、意图表或任务 reference；命令已选中时直接执行，只在参数/安全语义不确定时读取 leaf Schema，在当前 Cobra flags 不确定时读取 leaf Help。"""

scripts/install-skills.sh

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ set -eu
 # Environment variables (optional):
 #   DWS_VERSION        — release tag (default: latest)
 #   DWS_SKILLS_ROOT    — base path for agent dirs (default: $PWD)
+#   DWS_SKILL_MODE     — mono | multi (default: multi)
 #   DWS_GITEE_REPO     — "owner/repo" on Gitee; resolve version + assets via the
 #                        Gitee API instead of GitHub (China mirror)
 
@@ -25,6 +26,13 @@ VERSION="${DWS_VERSION:-latest}"
 SKILL_NAME="dws"
 ROOT="${DWS_SKILLS_ROOT:-$PWD}"
 DWS_CACHE_ROOT="${DWS_CACHE_ROOT:-$HOME/.dws}"
+DWS_STATE_ROOT="${DWS_CONFIG_DIR:-$DWS_CACHE_ROOT}"
+MANAGED_SKILL_DIGEST_SCOPE="skill-directory-v1"
+SKILL_MODE="$(printf '%s' "${DWS_SKILL_MODE:-multi}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')"
+case "$SKILL_MODE" in
+  mono|multi) ;;
+  *) printf '❌ Invalid DWS_SKILL_MODE=%s. Use mono or multi.\n' "${DWS_SKILL_MODE:-}" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+esac
 
 # ── Helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -35,6 +43,227 @@ need_cmd() {
   fi
 }
 
+# backup_and_remove_skill_dir <dir>
+# Moves <dir> into $HOME/.dws/skill-backups/<stamp>/<name> instead of
+# destroying it (non-interactive installs cannot confirm, so removals must
+# stay reversible). Missing paths are a no-op success. On any backup failure
+# the directory is left in place and a non-zero status is returned so callers
+# skip that target rather than silently deleting data.
+DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP=""
+backup_and_remove_skill_dir() {
+  _bed_dir="$1"
+  DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP=""
+  [ -d "$_bed_dir" ] || return 0
+  _bed_root="${HOME}/.dws/skill-backups"
+  _bed_stamp="$(date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"
+  _bed_name="$(basename "$_bed_dir")"
+  _bed_target="$_bed_root/$_bed_stamp/$_bed_name"
+  _bed_i=1
+  while [ -e "$_bed_target" ]; do
+    _bed_target="$_bed_root/$_bed_stamp-$_bed_i/$_bed_name"
+    _bed_i=$((_bed_i + 1))
+    if [ "$_bed_i" -gt 1000 ]; then
+      printf '  ⚠️  备份目录冲突，保留原目录 %s\n' "$_bed_dir"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+  mkdir -p "$(dirname "$_bed_target")" 2>/dev/null || {
+    printf '  ⚠️  无法创建备份目录，保留原目录 %s\n' "$_bed_dir"
+    return 1
+  }
+  if mv "$_bed_dir" "$_bed_target" 2>/dev/null; then
+    DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP="$_bed_target"
+    printf '  × 已备份并移除 %s → %s\n' "$_bed_dir" "$_bed_target"
+    return 0
+  fi
+  printf '  ⚠️  备份失败，保留原目录 %s\n' "$_bed_dir"
+  return 1
+}
+
+# A dingtalk-* prefix alone is not ownership evidence: market/user skills may
+# use it too. Ownership comes from the centralized skills-state.json.
+is_managed_multi_skill_dir() {
+  _managed_dir="$1"
+  _managed_name="$(basename "$_managed_dir")"
+  is_legacy_official_multi_skill_name "$_managed_name" && return 0
+  [ -f "$DWS_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json" ] || return 1
+  _managed_json_name="$(json_escape "$_managed_name")"
+  _managed_compact='"name":"'"$_managed_json_name"'"'
+  _managed_spaced='"name": "'"$_managed_json_name"'"'
+  DWS_MANAGED_COMPACT="$_managed_compact" DWS_MANAGED_SPACED="$_managed_spaced" awk '
+    /^[[:space:]]*"managed_skills"[[:space:]]*:[[:space:]]*\[[[:space:]]*$/ { inside = 1; next }
+    inside && /^[[:space:]]*\][[:space:]]*,?[[:space:]]*$/ { closed = 1; exit }
+    inside && (index($0, ENVIRON["DWS_MANAGED_COMPACT"]) || index($0, ENVIRON["DWS_MANAGED_SPACED"])) { found = 1 }
+    END { exit !(closed && found) }
+  ' "$DWS_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json"
+}
+
+# Frozen exact names shipped before centralized ownership metadata. Never replace this
+# with a dingtalk-* prefix check: user/market Skills may use that prefix.
+is_legacy_official_multi_skill_name() {
+  case "$1" in
+    dingtalk-agoal|dingtalk-aiapp|dingtalk-aisearch|dingtalk-aitable|dingtalk-attendance|dingtalk-calendar|dingtalk-chat|dingtalk-contact|dingtalk-dev|dingtalk-devapp|dingtalk-devdoc|dingtalk-ding|dingtalk-doc|dingtalk-drive|dingtalk-event|dingtalk-hrbrain|dingtalk-live|dingtalk-mail|dingtalk-markdown|dingtalk-minutes|dingtalk-misc|dingtalk-oa|dingtalk-pat|dingtalk-profile|dingtalk-report|dingtalk-shared|dingtalk-sheet|dingtalk-skill|dingtalk-todo|dingtalk-wiki|dws-shared) return 0 ;;
+  esac
+  return 1
+}
+
+json_escape() {
+  printf '%s' "$1" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g; s/"/\\"/g'
+}
+
+sha256_stdin() {
+  if command -v sha256sum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    sha256sum | awk '{print $1}'
+  elif command -v shasum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    shasum -a 256 | awk '{print $1}'
+  elif command -v openssl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    openssl dgst -sha256 | awk '{print $NF}'
+  else
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+digest_skill_dir() {
+  _digest_dir="$1"
+  _digest="$({
+    find "$_digest_dir" -type f -print | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _digest_file; do
+      _digest_rel="${_digest_file#"$_digest_dir"/}"
+      printf '%s\0' "$_digest_rel"
+      cat "$_digest_file"
+      printf '\0'
+    done
+  } | sha256_stdin)" || return 1
+  printf 'sha256:%s' "$_digest"
+}
+
+write_skills_state() {
+  _state_multi="$1"
+  _state_source="$2"
+  mkdir -p "$DWS_STATE_ROOT" || return 1
+  _state_tmp="$(mktemp "$DWS_STATE_ROOT/.skills-state.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _state_version="$(json_escape "$VERSION")"
+  _state_names=""
+  for _state_dir in "$_state_multi"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${_state_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _state_names="${_state_names}$(basename "$_state_dir")\n"
+  done
+  {
+    printf '{\n  "version": "%s",\n' "$_state_version"
+    for _state_field in official_skills updated_skills; do
+      printf '  "%s": [' "$_state_field"
+      _state_first=1
+      printf '%b' "$_state_names" | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _state_name; do
+        [ -n "$_state_name" ] || continue
+        [ "$_state_first" -eq 1 ] || printf ', '
+        printf '"%s"' "$(json_escape "$_state_name")"
+        _state_first=0
+      done
+      printf '],\n'
+    done
+    printf '  "managed_skills": [\n'
+    _state_first=1
+    printf '%b' "$_state_names" | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _state_name; do
+      [ -n "$_state_name" ] || continue
+      _state_digest="$(digest_skill_dir "$_state_multi/$_state_name")" || exit 1
+      [ "$_state_first" -eq 1 ] || printf ',\n'
+      printf '    {"name":"%s","version":"%s","source":"%s","digest":"%s","digest_scope":"%s"}' "$(json_escape "$_state_name")" "$_state_version" "$_state_source" "$_state_digest" "$MANAGED_SKILL_DIGEST_SCOPE"
+      _state_first=0
+    done
+    printf '\n  ],\n  "updated_at": "%s"\n}\n' "$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+  } > "$_state_tmp" || { rm -f "$_state_tmp"; return 1; }
+  mv "$_state_tmp" "$DWS_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json"
+}
+
+# backup_and_record_skill_dir <victim> <manifest>
+# Records exact original/backup pairs so a multi-set transaction can restore
+# earlier moves when any later backup or publication fails.
+backup_and_record_skill_dir() {
+  _bars_victim="$1"
+  _bars_manifest="$2"
+  backup_and_remove_skill_dir "$_bars_victim" || return 1
+  if [ -n "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP" ]; then
+    if ! printf '%s\n%s\n' "$_bars_victim" "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP" >> "$_bars_manifest"; then
+      mv "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP" "$_bars_victim" 2>/dev/null || printf '  ⚠️  备份记录失败且无法自动恢复: %s（备份位于 %s）\n' "$_bars_victim" "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+# restore_multi_skill_set <published-manifest> <backup-manifest>
+# Removes partial new publications, then restores every old directory from
+# its exact backup path. Paths containing newlines are outside the supported
+# installer path contract; spaces are preserved.
+restore_multi_skill_set() {
+  _rms_published="$1"
+  _rms_backups="$2"
+  _rms_ok=1
+  if [ -f "$_rms_published" ]; then
+    while IFS= read -r _rms_dest; do
+      [ -n "$_rms_dest" ] || continue
+      rm -rf "$_rms_dest" || _rms_ok=0
+    done < "$_rms_published"
+  fi
+  if [ -f "$_rms_backups" ]; then
+    while IFS= read -r _rms_original && IFS= read -r _rms_backup; do
+      [ -n "$_rms_backup" ] || continue
+      if [ -e "$_rms_original" ] || ! mkdir -p "$(dirname "$_rms_original")" || ! mv "$_rms_backup" "$_rms_original"; then
+        printf '  ⚠️  无法恢复原 Skill: %s（备份保留于 %s）\n' "$_rms_original" "$_rms_backup"
+        _rms_ok=0
+      fi
+    done < "$_rms_backups"
+  fi
+  [ "$_rms_ok" -eq 1 ]
+}
+
+# publish_skill_cache <source> <cache-dir>
+# Stages a complete sibling cache before publishing it. Any copy or publish
+# failure leaves the previous cache in place (or in the reported recovery dir
+# when even restoration fails).
+publish_skill_cache() {
+  _psc_src="$1"
+  _psc_cache="$2"
+  _psc_parent="$(dirname "$_psc_cache")"
+  _psc_name="$(basename "$_psc_cache")"
+  _psc_stage=""
+  _psc_old=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$_psc_parent" || return 1
+  _psc_stage="$(mktemp -d "$_psc_parent/.${_psc_name}.tmp.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  if ! cp -R "$_psc_src/." "$_psc_stage/" 2>/dev/null && \
+     ! cp -r "$_psc_src/." "$_psc_stage/" 2>/dev/null; then
+    rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if [ -e "$_psc_cache" ]; then
+    _psc_old="$(mktemp -d "$_psc_parent/.${_psc_name}.old.XXXXXX")" || {
+      rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+      return 1
+    }
+    rmdir "$_psc_old" || {
+      rm -rf "$_psc_stage" "$_psc_old"
+      return 1
+    }
+    if ! mv "$_psc_cache" "$_psc_old"; then
+      rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  if mv "$_psc_stage" "$_psc_cache"; then
+    if [ -n "$_psc_old" ] && ! rm -rf "$_psc_old"; then
+      printf '  ⚠️ 新 Skill 缓存已生效，但旧缓存清理失败: %s\n' "$_psc_old"
+    fi
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+  if [ -n "$_psc_old" ] && ! mv "$_psc_old" "$_psc_cache"; then
+    printf '  ⚠️ Skill 缓存发布失败，原缓存保留在 %s\n' "$_psc_old"
+  fi
+  return 1
+}
+
 # Fetch a Gitee API endpoint, retrying transient 502/503 from Gitee's gateway.
 gitee_api() {
   _url="$1"
@@ -114,11 +343,17 @@ _copy_skill_summary() {
   _label="$3"
 
   if [ -d "$_dest" ]; then
-    rm -rf "$_dest"
+    backup_and_remove_skill_dir "$_dest" || {
+      printf '  ⚠️  跳过 %s（保留原目录）\n' "$_dest"
+      return 1
+    }
   fi
 
-  mkdir -p "$_dest"
-  cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null || cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"
+  mkdir -p "$_dest" || return 1
+  if ! cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  Skill 复制失败，目标未计为安装成功: %s\n' "$_dest"
+    return 1
+  fi
   file_count="$(find "$_dest" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
 
   printf '  ✅ Skills → %s (%s files)\n' "$_label" "$file_count"
@@ -131,11 +366,17 @@ _copy_skill() {
   _label="$3"
 
   if [ -d "$_dest" ]; then
-    rm -rf "$_dest"
+    backup_and_remove_skill_dir "$_dest" || {
+      printf '  ⚠️  跳过 %s（保留原目录）\n' "$_dest"
+      return 1
+    }
   fi
 
-  mkdir -p "$_dest"
-  cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null || cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"
+  mkdir -p "$_dest" || return 1
+  if ! cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  Skill 复制失败，目标未计为安装成功: %s\n' "$_dest"
+    return 1
+  fi
   file_count="$(find "$_dest" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
 
   printf '  ✅ Skills → %s (%s files)\n' "$_label" "$file_count"
@@ -151,12 +392,61 @@ _copy_skill() {
   done
 }
 
-# Same semantics as build/npm/install.js installSkillsToHomes (root = DWS_SKILLS_ROOT or PWD).
-install_skills_to_root() {
-  skill_src="$1"
+# multi_tree_has_skills returns 0 only when the given multi bundle directory
+# contains at least one product skill (a subdirectory with a SKILL.md). An
+# empty or corrupt multi/ tree must never select the multi branch: installing
+# it would delete existing dws/ + dingtalk-* skills and lay down nothing.
+# (Go bundleSkillNames and install.js multiTreeHasSkills guard the same way.)
+multi_tree_has_skills() {
+  _dir="$1"
+  [ -d "$_dir" ] || return 1
+  for _sub in "$_dir"/*/; do
+    if [ -f "${_sub}SKILL.md" ]; then
+      return 0
+    fi
+  done
+  return 1
+}
+
+# Move DWS-owned copies out of the generic root once a concrete Agent root is
+# active. This prevents Agents such as Codex from discovering duplicates.
+retire_generic_skill_root() {
+  _rgs_root="$1"
+  _rgs_base="$_rgs_root/.agents/skills"
+  _rgs_stage="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-retire-generic.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _rgs_backups="$_rgs_stage/backups"
+  : > "$_rgs_backups" || { rm -rf "$_rgs_stage"; return 1; }
+  for _rgs_victim in "$_rgs_base/dws" "$_rgs_base"/*; do
+    [ -d "$_rgs_victim" ] || continue
+    if [ "$(basename "$_rgs_victim")" != "dws" ] && ! is_managed_multi_skill_dir "$_rgs_victim"; then
+      continue
+    fi
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_rgs_victim" "$_rgs_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set /dev/null "$_rgs_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_rgs_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+  rm -rf "$_rgs_stage"
+}
+
+# Same semantics as build/npm/install.js installMultiSkillsToHomes (root = DWS_SKILLS_ROOT or PWD).
+install_multi_skills_to_root() {
+  multi_src="$1"
   root="$2"
   installed=0
+  attempted=0
+  failed=0
   idx=0
+  specific_agents=0
+  for specific_dir in \
+    ".claude/skills" ".cursor/skills" ".qoder/skills" ".qoderwork/skills" \
+    ".gemini/skills" ".codex/skills" ".zcode/skills" ".github/skills" ".windsurf/skills" \
+    ".augment/skills" ".cline/skills" ".amp/skills" ".kiro/skills" \
+    ".trae/skills" ".openclaw/skills" ".hermes/skills"
+  do
+    [ -e "$root/$(dirname "$specific_dir")" ] && specific_agents=$((specific_agents + 1))
+  done
   for agent_dir in \
     ".agents/skills" \
     ".claude/skills" \
@@ -165,6 +455,7 @@ install_skills_to_root() {
     ".qoderwork/skills" \
     ".gemini/skills" \
     ".codex/skills" \
+    ".zcode/skills" \
     ".github/skills" \
     ".windsurf/skills" \
     ".augment/skills" \
@@ -175,34 +466,272 @@ install_skills_to_root() {
     ".openclaw/skills" \
     ".hermes/skills"
   do
+    if [ "$idx" -eq 0 ] && [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ]; then
+      idx=$((idx + 1))
+      continue
+    fi
     base_dir="$root/$agent_dir"
     parent_gate="$(dirname "$base_dir")"
     if [ "$idx" -gt 0 ] && [ ! -e "$parent_gate" ]; then
       idx=$((idx + 1))
       continue
     fi
-    dest="$base_dir/$SKILL_NAME"
+    attempted=$((attempted + 1))
+    if _install_multi_to_base "$multi_src" "$base_dir" "$root" "$agent_dir"; then
+      installed=$((installed + 1))
+    else
+      failed=$((failed + 1))
+      printf '  ⚠️  跳过 %s（备份或复制失败，未完成 multi 安装）\n' "$base_dir"
+    fi
+    idx=$((idx + 1))
+  done
+  if [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ] && [ "$installed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    retire_generic_skill_root "$root" || failed=$((failed + 1))
+  fi
+  if [ "$attempted" -eq 0 ] && _install_multi_to_base "$multi_src" "$root/.agents/skills" "$root" ".agents/skills"; then
+    installed=$((installed + 1))
+  fi
+  if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  未安装任何 multi Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败\n'
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if [ "$failed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  有 %s 个 Agent 目标安装失败\n' "$failed"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  write_skills_state "$multi_src" "install-skills.sh" || return 1
+}
+
+_install_multi_to_base() {
+  _msrc="$1"
+  _base="$2"
+  _root="$3"
+  _agent_dir="$4"
+
+  mkdir -p "$_base" || return 1
+
+  # Build the complete replacement set before moving any Agent-visible
+  # directory. The manifests remain inside the private staging directory.
+  _ms_stage="$(mktemp -d "$_base/.dws-multi-set.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _ms_backups="$_ms_stage/.backups"
+  _ms_published="$_ms_stage/.published"
+  : > "$_ms_backups" || { rm -rf "$_ms_stage"; return 1; }
+  : > "$_ms_published" || { rm -rf "$_ms_stage"; return 1; }
+  for skill_dir in "$_msrc"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${skill_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$skill_dir")"
+    _ms_staged_skill="$_ms_stage/$_name"
+    mkdir -p "$_ms_staged_skill" || { rm -rf "$_ms_stage"; return 1; }
+    if ! cp -R "$skill_dir/." "$_ms_staged_skill/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$skill_dir/." "$_ms_staged_skill/"; then
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  # Mutual exclusion: back up + remove the mono leftover.
+  if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_base/$SKILL_NAME" "$_ms_backups"; then
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+    rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  # Back up + remove stale, proven DWS-managed skills not in the new bundle.
+  # Never infer ownership from the dingtalk-* prefix alone.
+  for existing in "$_base"/*/; do
+    [ -d "$existing" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$existing")"
+    if is_managed_multi_skill_dir "$existing" && [ ! -f "$_msrc/$_name/SKILL.md" ]; then
+      if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$existing" "$_ms_backups"; then
+        restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+        rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+        return 1
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+  if [ -d "$_base/dws-shared" ] && [ ! -f "$_msrc/dws-shared/SKILL.md" ]; then
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_base/dws-shared" "$_ms_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  # Back up all replaced skills as one logical operation. Any failure restores
+  # every earlier move before this target reports failure.
+  for skill_dir in "$_msrc"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${skill_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$skill_dir")"
+    _dest="$_base/$_name"
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_dest" "$_ms_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  _count=0
+  for skill_dir in "$_msrc"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${skill_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$skill_dir")"
+    _dest="$_base/$_name"
+    printf '%s\n' "$_dest" >> "$_ms_published" || {
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    }
+    if ! mv "$_ms_stage/$_name" "$_dest"; then
+      printf '  ⚠️  multi Skill 集合发布失败，正在恢复原集合: %s\n' "$_dest"
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || printf '  ⚠️  原 Skill 集合自动恢复不完整，请检查上方备份路径\n'
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+    _count=$((_count + 1))
+  done
+  rm -rf "$_ms_stage" || return 1
+
+  if [ "$_root" = "$HOME" ]; then
+    _label="~/$_agent_dir/"
+  else
+    _label="$_root/$_agent_dir/"
+  fi
+  printf '  ✅ Skills → %s (%s product skills)\n' "$_label" "$_count"
+}
+
+# Publish mono and all mutually-exclusive managed multi directories as one
+# transaction. The complete dws/ tree is staged before any visible directory
+# moves; any later backup or publish failure restores the exact old set.
+_install_mono_to_base() {
+  _mono_src="$1"
+  _mono_base="$2"
+  _mono_label="$3"
+
+  mkdir -p "$_mono_base" || return 1
+  _mono_stage="$(mktemp -d "$_mono_base/.dws-mono-set.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _mono_backups="$_mono_stage/.backups"
+  _mono_published="$_mono_stage/.published"
+  : > "$_mono_backups" || { rm -rf "$_mono_stage"; return 1; }
+  : > "$_mono_published" || { rm -rf "$_mono_stage"; return 1; }
+  mkdir -p "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME" || { rm -rf "$_mono_stage"; return 1; }
+  if ! cp -R "$_mono_src/." "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$_mono_src/." "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME/"; then
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_mono_base/$SKILL_NAME" "$_mono_backups"; then
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || true
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  for existing in "$_mono_base"/*/; do
+    [ -d "$existing" ] || continue
+    is_managed_multi_skill_dir "$existing" || continue
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$existing" "$_mono_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  _mono_dest="$_mono_base/$SKILL_NAME"
+  printf '%s\n' "$_mono_dest" >> "$_mono_published" || {
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || true
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  }
+  if ! mv "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME" "$_mono_dest"; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  mono Skill 集合发布失败，正在恢复原集合: %s\n' "$_mono_dest"
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || printf '  ⚠️  原 Skill 集合自动恢复不完整，请检查上方备份路径\n'
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  rm -rf "$_mono_stage" || return 1
+  _mono_count="$(find "$_mono_dest" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
+  printf '  ✅ Skills → %s (%s files)\n' "$_mono_label" "$_mono_count"
+}
+
+# Same semantics as build/npm/install.js installSkillsToHomes (root = DWS_SKILLS_ROOT or PWD).
+install_skills_to_root() {
+  skill_src="$1"
+  root="$2"
+  installed=0
+  attempted=0
+  failed=0
+  idx=0
+  specific_agents=0
+  for specific_dir in \
+    ".claude/skills" ".cursor/skills" ".qoder/skills" ".qoderwork/skills" \
+    ".gemini/skills" ".codex/skills" ".zcode/skills" ".github/skills" ".windsurf/skills" \
+    ".augment/skills" ".cline/skills" ".amp/skills" ".kiro/skills" \
+    ".trae/skills" ".openclaw/skills" ".hermes/skills"
+  do
+    [ -e "$root/$(dirname "$specific_dir")" ] && specific_agents=$((specific_agents + 1))
+  done
+  for agent_dir in \
+    ".agents/skills" \
+    ".claude/skills" \
+    ".cursor/skills" \
+    ".qoder/skills" \
+    ".qoderwork/skills" \
+    ".gemini/skills" \
+    ".codex/skills" \
+    ".zcode/skills" \
+    ".github/skills" \
+    ".windsurf/skills" \
+    ".augment/skills" \
+    ".cline/skills" \
+    ".amp/skills" \
+    ".kiro/skills" \
+    ".trae/skills" \
+    ".openclaw/skills" \
+    ".hermes/skills"
+  do
+    if [ "$idx" -eq 0 ] && [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ]; then
+      idx=$((idx + 1))
+      continue
+    fi
+    base_dir="$root/$agent_dir"
+    parent_gate="$(dirname "$base_dir")"
+    if [ "$idx" -gt 0 ] && [ ! -e "$parent_gate" ]; then
+      idx=$((idx + 1))
+      continue
+    fi
+    attempted=$((attempted + 1))
     if [ "$root" = "$HOME" ]; then
       label="~/$agent_dir/$SKILL_NAME"
     else
       label="$root/$agent_dir/$SKILL_NAME"
     fi
-    if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
-      _copy_skill "$skill_src" "$dest" "$label"
+    if _install_mono_to_base "$skill_src" "$base_dir" "$label"; then
+      installed=$((installed + 1))
     else
-      _copy_skill_summary "$skill_src" "$dest" "$label"
+      failed=$((failed + 1))
     fi
-    installed=$((installed + 1))
     idx=$((idx + 1))
   done
-  if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
+  if [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ] && [ "$installed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    retire_generic_skill_root "$root" || failed=$((failed + 1))
+  fi
+  if [ "$attempted" -eq 0 ]; then
     if [ "$root" = "$HOME" ]; then
       flabel="~/.agents/skills/$SKILL_NAME"
     else
       flabel="$root/.agents/skills/$SKILL_NAME"
     fi
-    _copy_skill "$skill_src" "$root/.agents/skills/$SKILL_NAME" "$flabel"
+    if _install_mono_to_base "$skill_src" "$root/.agents/skills" "$flabel"; then
+      installed=$((installed + 1))
+    else
+      failed=$((failed + 1))
+    fi
   fi
+  if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  未安装任何 mono Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败\n'
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if [ "$failed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    printf '  ⚠️  有 %s 个 Agent 目标安装 mono Skill 失败\n' "$failed"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  rm -f "$DWS_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json"
 }
 
 # ── Main ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -236,31 +765,43 @@ main() {
     SKILL_SRC="$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/${SKILL_NAME}"
   fi
 
-  if [ ! -f "$SKILL_SRC/SKILL.md" ]; then
-    printf '  ❌ Skill source not found in release asset\n' >&2
-    exit 1
-  fi
-
   printf '\n'
-  printf '  Installing under root: %s\n' "$ROOT"
-  install_skills_to_root "$SKILL_SRC" "$ROOT"
+  printf '  Installing under root: %s (mode: %s)\n' "$ROOT" "$SKILL_MODE"
+  # Multi first: a release may ship only the multi/ tree without the root
+  # mono copy, so the mono SKILL.md gate must never block a multi install.
+  # An empty/corrupt multi/ tree (no */SKILL.md) falls back to mono with a
+  # warning — installing it would wipe existing skills and lay down nothing.
+  if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ] && multi_tree_has_skills "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi"; then
+    install_multi_skills_to_root "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi" "$ROOT"
+  else
+    if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ]; then
+      printf '  ⚠️  Multi skill tree not found or empty in release asset; falling back to mono.\n'
+    fi
+    if [ ! -f "$SKILL_SRC/SKILL.md" ]; then
+      printf '  ❌ Skill source not found in release asset\n' >&2
+      exit 1
+    fi
+    install_skills_to_root "$SKILL_SRC" "$ROOT"
+  fi
 
   # Cache multi/ (and a mono copy) under ~/.dws/skills so that subsequent
-  # `dws skill setup --mode multi|mono` invocations can find a source.
-  if [ -d "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi" ]; then
+  # `dws skill setup --mode multi|mono` invocations can find a source. An
+  # empty/corrupt tree must never wipe a previously good cache.
+  if multi_tree_has_skills "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi"; then
     cache_dir="${DWS_CACHE_ROOT}/skills/multi"
-    rm -rf "$cache_dir"
-    mkdir -p "$cache_dir"
-    cp -R "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi/"* "$cache_dir/" 2>/dev/null || \
-      cp -r "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi/"* "$cache_dir/" 2>/dev/null || true
-    file_count="$(find "$cache_dir" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
-    printf '  ✅ Cached multi skills → %s (%s files)\n' "$cache_dir" "$file_count"
+    if publish_skill_cache "$TMPDIR_WORK/extracted/multi" "$cache_dir"; then
+      file_count="$(find "$cache_dir" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
+      printf '  ✅ Cached multi skills → %s (%s files)\n' "$cache_dir" "$file_count"
+    else
+      printf '  ⚠️ Multi Skill 缓存刷新失败，未覆盖原缓存: %s\n' "$cache_dir"
+    fi
+  fi
+  if [ -f "$SKILL_SRC/SKILL.md" ]; then
+    mono_cache="${DWS_CACHE_ROOT}/skills/mono"
+    if ! publish_skill_cache "$SKILL_SRC" "$mono_cache"; then
+      printf '  ⚠️ Mono Skill 缓存刷新失败，未覆盖原缓存: %s\n' "$mono_cache"
+    fi
   fi
-  mono_cache="${DWS_CACHE_ROOT}/skills/mono"
-  rm -rf "$mono_cache"
-  mkdir -p "$mono_cache"
-  cp -R "$SKILL_SRC/"* "$mono_cache/" 2>/dev/null || \
-    cp -r "$SKILL_SRC/"* "$mono_cache/" 2>/dev/null || true
 
   printf '\n'
   printf '  📖 Skill includes:\n'

scripts/install.ps1

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 #   DWS_ARCH          — architecture override          (amd64 or arm64)
 #   DWS_NO_SKILLS     — set to 1 to skip skills install
 #   DWS_SKILLS_ONLY   — set to 1 to install only skills
-#   DWS_SKILL_MODE    — mono | multi (default: prompt if TTY, else mono)
+#   DWS_SKILL_MODE    — mono | multi (default: prompt if TTY, else multi)
 #   DWS_GITEE_REPO    — "owner/repo" on Gitee; resolve version + assets via the
 #                       Gitee API instead of GitHub (China mirror)
 #
@@ -39,6 +39,18 @@ $NoSkills = $env:DWS_NO_SKILLS -eq "1"
 $SkillsOnly = $env:DWS_SKILLS_ONLY -eq "1"
 $SkillName = "dws"
 $SkillMode = ""
+$SkillStateRoot = if ($env:DWS_CONFIG_DIR) { $env:DWS_CONFIG_DIR } else { Join-Path $HOME ".dws" }
+$ManagedSkillDigestScope = "skill-directory-v1"
+$LegacyOfficialMultiSkills = @(
+    "dingtalk-agoal", "dingtalk-aiapp", "dingtalk-aisearch", "dingtalk-aitable",
+    "dingtalk-attendance", "dingtalk-calendar", "dingtalk-chat", "dingtalk-contact",
+    "dingtalk-dev", "dingtalk-devapp", "dingtalk-devdoc", "dingtalk-ding",
+    "dingtalk-doc", "dingtalk-drive", "dingtalk-event", "dingtalk-hrbrain",
+    "dingtalk-live", "dingtalk-mail", "dingtalk-markdown", "dingtalk-minutes",
+    "dingtalk-misc", "dingtalk-oa", "dingtalk-pat", "dingtalk-profile",
+    "dingtalk-report", "dingtalk-shared", "dingtalk-sheet", "dingtalk-skill",
+    "dingtalk-todo", "dingtalk-wiki", "dws-shared"
+)
 
 # Agent skill base directories (same order as build/npm/install.js AGENT_DIRS).
 $AgentDirs = @(
@@ -49,6 +61,7 @@ $AgentDirs = @(
     ".qoderwork\skills",
     ".gemini\skills",
     ".codex\skills",
+    ".zcode\skills",
     ".github\skills",
     ".windsurf\skills",
     ".augment\skills",
@@ -73,6 +86,105 @@ function Write-Err {
     exit 1
 }
 
+# A dingtalk-* prefix alone is not ownership evidence: market/user skills may
+# use it too. Ownership comes from the centralized skills-state.json.
+function Test-ManagedMultiSkillDir {
+    param([string]$Dir)
+    $name = Split-Path $Dir -Leaf
+    if ($LegacyOfficialMultiSkills -contains $name) { return $true }
+    $statePath = Join-Path $SkillStateRoot "skills-state.json"
+    if (!(Test-Path $statePath -PathType Leaf)) { return $false }
+    try {
+        $state = Get-Content -Path $statePath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json -ErrorAction Stop
+        return @($state.managed_skills | Where-Object { $_.name -eq $name }).Count -gt 0
+    } catch {
+        return $false
+    }
+}
+
+function Get-SkillDirectoryDigest {
+    param([string]$Dir)
+    $root = [System.IO.Path]::GetFullPath($Dir).TrimEnd([char[]]@('\', '/'))
+    $files = @(
+        Get-ChildItem -Path $root -Recurse -File -Force |
+            ForEach-Object {
+                [pscustomobject]@{
+                    Relative = $_.FullName.Substring($root.Length).TrimStart([char[]]@('\', '/')).Replace('\', '/')
+                    FullName = $_.FullName
+                }
+            } |
+            Sort-Object -Property Relative
+    )
+    $stream = [System.IO.MemoryStream]::new()
+    $sha = [System.Security.Cryptography.SHA256]::Create()
+    try {
+        foreach ($file in $files) {
+            $pathBytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($file.Relative)
+            $stream.Write($pathBytes, 0, $pathBytes.Length)
+            $stream.WriteByte(0)
+            $content = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($file.FullName)
+            $stream.Write($content, 0, $content.Length)
+            $stream.WriteByte(0)
+        }
+        $hash = $sha.ComputeHash($stream.ToArray())
+        return "sha256:" + ([System.BitConverter]::ToString($hash).Replace("-", "").ToLowerInvariant())
+    } finally {
+        $sha.Dispose()
+        $stream.Dispose()
+    }
+}
+
+function Write-SkillsState {
+    param([string]$MultiSrc)
+    $stateDir = $SkillStateRoot
+    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $stateDir -Force | Out-Null
+    $versionValue = if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($Version)) { "unknown" } else { $Version }
+    $skills = @(Get-ChildItem -Path $MultiSrc -Directory | Where-Object {
+        Test-Path (Join-Path $_.FullName "SKILL.md")
+    } | Sort-Object -Property Name)
+    $names = @($skills | ForEach-Object { $_.Name })
+    $managed = @($skills | ForEach-Object {
+        [ordered]@{
+            name = $_.Name
+            version = $versionValue
+            source = "install.ps1"
+            digest = Get-SkillDirectoryDigest -Dir $_.FullName
+            digest_scope = $ManagedSkillDigestScope
+        }
+    })
+    $state = [ordered]@{
+        version = $versionValue
+        official_skills = $names
+        updated_skills = $names
+        managed_skills = $managed
+        updated_at = [DateTime]::UtcNow.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ssZ")
+    }
+    $statePath = Join-Path $stateDir "skills-state.json"
+    $tempPath = Join-Path $stateDir (".skills-state-" + [guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N") + ".tmp")
+    $backupPath = Join-Path $stateDir (".skills-state-" + [guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N") + ".previous")
+    try {
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($tempPath, (($state | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 5) + "`n"), [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+        if (Test-Path $statePath -PathType Leaf) {
+            [System.IO.File]::Replace($tempPath, $statePath, $backupPath, $true)
+            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $backupPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        } else {
+            Move-Item -LiteralPath $tempPath -Destination $statePath
+        }
+    } finally {
+        if (Test-Path $tempPath) { Remove-Item -LiteralPath $tempPath -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue }
+    }
+}
+
+# Central move seam for transactional Skill publication. Tests replace this
+# function to inject backup/publish failures without relying on ACL behavior.
+function Move-SkillPath {
+    param(
+        [string]$Source,
+        [string]$Destination
+    )
+    Move-Item -LiteralPath $Source -Destination $Destination -ErrorAction Stop
+}
+
 function Get-Arch {
     # Allow manual override via environment variable
     if ($env:DWS_ARCH) {
@@ -230,12 +342,162 @@ function Copy-DirRecursive {
     return $count
 }
 
+function Publish-SkillCache {
+    param([string]$Source, [string]$CacheDir)
+
+    $cacheParent = Split-Path $CacheDir -Parent
+    $cacheName = Split-Path $CacheDir -Leaf
+    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $cacheParent -Force -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+    $stagedDir = Join-Path $cacheParent ".$cacheName.tmp-$([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString('N'))"
+    $rollbackDir = ""
+    $published = $false
+    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $stagedDir -Force -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+
+    try {
+        $count = Copy-DirRecursive -Source $Source -Destination $stagedDir
+        if (Test-Path $CacheDir) {
+            $rollbackDir = Join-Path $cacheParent ".$cacheName.old-$([Guid]::NewGuid().ToString('N'))"
+            Move-Item -Path $CacheDir -Destination $rollbackDir -ErrorAction Stop
+        }
+        try {
+            Move-Item -Path $stagedDir -Destination $CacheDir -ErrorAction Stop
+            $published = $true
+        } catch {
+            $publishError = $_
+            if ($rollbackDir) {
+                try {
+                    Move-Item -Path $rollbackDir -Destination $CacheDir -ErrorAction Stop
+                    $rollbackDir = ""
+                } catch {
+                    throw "Skill 缓存发布失败: $publishError；原缓存恢复也失败，恢复目录: $rollbackDir；错误: $_"
+                }
+            }
+            throw $publishError
+        }
+        if ($rollbackDir -and (Test-Path $rollbackDir)) {
+            Remove-Item -Path $rollbackDir -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+            if (Test-Path $rollbackDir) {
+                Write-Say "⚠️ 新缓存已生效，但旧缓存清理失败: $rollbackDir"
+            }
+            $rollbackDir = ""
+        }
+        return $count
+    } finally {
+        if (!$published -and (Test-Path $stagedDir)) {
+            Remove-Item -Path $stagedDir -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# Backup-SkillDir moves $Dir into $HOME\.dws\skill-backups\<stamp>\<name>
+# instead of destroying it (non-interactive installs cannot confirm, so
+# removals must stay reversible). Missing paths are a no-op success. On any
+# backup failure the directory is left in place and $false is returned so
+# callers skip that target rather than silently deleting data.
+function Backup-SkillDir {
+    param(
+        [string]$Dir,
+        [ref]$BackupPath
+    )
+    if ($null -ne $BackupPath) { $BackupPath.Value = "" }
+    if (!(Test-Path $Dir -PathType Container)) { return $true }
+    $backupRoot = Join-Path $HOME ".dws\skill-backups"
+    $stamp = [DateTime]::UtcNow.ToString("yyyyMMdd-HHmmss")
+    $name = Split-Path $Dir -Leaf
+    $target = Join-Path (Join-Path $backupRoot $stamp) $name
+    $i = 1
+    while (Test-Path $target) {
+        $target = Join-Path (Join-Path $backupRoot "$stamp-$i") $name
+        $i++
+        if ($i -gt 1000) {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  备份目录冲突，保留原目录 $Dir"
+            return $false
+        }
+    }
+    try {
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Split-Path $target -Parent) -Force -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+        Move-SkillPath -Source $Dir -Destination $target
+    } catch {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  备份失败，保留原目录 $Dir"
+        return $false
+    }
+    if ($null -ne $BackupPath) { $BackupPath.Value = $target }
+    Write-Say "  × 已备份并移除 $Dir → $target"
+    return $true
+}
+
+function Restore-MultiSkillSet {
+    param(
+        [array]$Published,
+        [array]$Backups
+    )
+    $ok = $true
+    for ($i = $Published.Count - 1; $i -ge 0; $i--) {
+        try {
+            if (Test-Path $Published[$i]) {
+                Remove-Item -LiteralPath $Published[$i] -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction Stop
+            }
+        } catch {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  无法移除失败发布目录 $($Published[$i]): $_"
+            $ok = $false
+        }
+    }
+    for ($i = $Backups.Count - 1; $i -ge 0; $i--) {
+        $item = $Backups[$i]
+        try {
+            if (Test-Path $item.Original) {
+                throw "恢复目标仍存在"
+            }
+            New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Split-Path $item.Original -Parent) -Force -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+            Move-SkillPath -Source $item.Backup -Destination $item.Original
+        } catch {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  无法恢复原 Skill $($item.Original)；备份保留于 $($item.Backup): $_"
+            $ok = $false
+        }
+    }
+    return $ok
+}
+
+function Move-GenericSkillRootToBackup {
+    param([string]$Root)
+
+    $baseDir = Join-Path $Root ".agents\skills"
+    $victims = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
+    $victims.Add((Join-Path $baseDir $SkillName))
+    foreach ($existing in Get-ChildItem -Path $baseDir -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        if (Test-ManagedMultiSkillDir -Dir $existing.FullName) {
+            $victims.Add($existing.FullName)
+        }
+    }
+    $backups = @()
+    try {
+        $seen = [System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]]::new([System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+        foreach ($victim in $victims) {
+            if (!$seen.Add($victim)) { continue }
+            $backupPath = ""
+            if (!(Backup-SkillDir -Dir $victim -BackupPath ([ref]$backupPath))) {
+                throw "通用 Skill 副本备份失败: $victim"
+            }
+            if ($backupPath) {
+                $backups += [pscustomobject]@{ Original = $victim; Backup = $backupPath }
+            }
+        }
+        return $true
+    } catch {
+        Restore-MultiSkillSet -Published @() -Backups $backups | Out-Null
+        Write-Say "⚠️  通用 Skill 副本迁移失败，已回滚: $_"
+        return $false
+    }
+}
+
 function Copy-SkillToDir {
     param([string]$SkillSrc, [string]$Dest, [string]$Label)
 
-    # Remove existing installation
-    if (Test-Path $Dest) {
-        Remove-Item -Path $Dest -Recurse -Force
+    # Refreshing an existing skill: back it up first; on backup failure keep
+    # the user's copy and skip this target.
+    if (!(Backup-SkillDir -Dir $Dest)) {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  跳过 $Dest（保留原目录）"
+        return $false
     }
 
     $fileCount = Copy-DirRecursive -Source $SkillSrc -Destination $Dest
@@ -250,17 +512,20 @@ function Copy-SkillToDir {
             Write-Say "   📄 $($_.Name)"
         }
     }
+    return $true
 }
 
 function Copy-SkillToDirSummary {
     param([string]$SkillSrc, [string]$Dest, [string]$Label)
 
-    if (Test-Path $Dest) {
-        Remove-Item -Path $Dest -Recurse -Force
+    if (!(Backup-SkillDir -Dir $Dest)) {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  跳过 $Dest（保留原目录）"
+        return $false
     }
 
     $fileCount = Copy-DirRecursive -Source $SkillSrc -Destination $Dest
     Write-Say "✅ Skills → $Label ($fileCount files)"
+    return $true
 }
 
 function Resolve-SourceRoot {
@@ -288,8 +553,8 @@ function Write-Banner {
 #
 # Priority (highest first):
 #   1. DWS_SKILL_MODE env var (mono | multi, case-insensitive)
-#   2. Interactive prompt when both stdin and stdout are TTYs (default: mono)
-#   3. Fallback: mono (non-TTY without env var, e.g. irm | iex)
+#   2. Interactive prompt when both stdin and stdout are TTYs (default: multi)
+#   3. Fallback: multi (non-TTY without env var, e.g. irm | iex)
 function Resolve-SkillMode {
     if ($env:DWS_SKILL_MODE) {
         $normalized = $env:DWS_SKILL_MODE.ToLower()
@@ -311,33 +576,25 @@ function Resolve-SkillMode {
     if ($isInteractive) {
         Write-Host ""
         Write-Say "Select skill installation mode:"
-        Write-Say "  1) mono  — install one bundled dws skill (stable / recommended)"
-        Write-Say "  2) multi — split each product into its own skill (run 'dws skill setup --mode multi' afterwards)"
+        Write-Say "  1) multi (default) — split each product into its own skill (dingtalk-*)"
+        Write-Say "  2) mono            — install one bundled dws skill (legacy)"
         $choice = Read-Host "  Choice [1]"
         switch ($choice) {
-            ""      { $script:SkillMode = "mono" }
-            "1"     { $script:SkillMode = "mono" }
-            "mono"  { $script:SkillMode = "mono" }
-            "2"     { $script:SkillMode = "multi" }
+            ""      { $script:SkillMode = "multi" }
+            "1"     { $script:SkillMode = "multi" }
             "multi" { $script:SkillMode = "multi" }
+            "2"     { $script:SkillMode = "mono" }
+            "mono"  { $script:SkillMode = "mono" }
             default {
-                Write-Say "Unrecognized choice '$choice', defaulting to mono."
-                $script:SkillMode = "mono"
+                Write-Say "Unrecognized choice '$choice', defaulting to multi."
+                $script:SkillMode = "multi"
             }
         }
         Write-Say "Skill mode: $SkillMode"
         return
     }
 
-    $script:SkillMode = "mono"
-}
-
-function Write-MultiModeNotice {
-    Write-Say ""
-    Write-Say "Skill mode: multi — automatic skill install skipped."
-    Write-Say "   To install split skills, run:"
-    Write-Say "     $BinName skill setup --mode multi"
-    Write-Say "   (One skill per product family; requires the dws binary installed above.)"
+    $script:SkillMode = "multi"
 }
 
 # ── Install Binary ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -422,17 +679,30 @@ function Install-SkillsLocal {
     $skillSrc = Join-Path (Join-Path $Root "skills") "mono"
     $multiSrc = Join-Path (Join-Path $Root "skills") "multi"
 
-    if (!(Test-Path $skillSrc)) {
-        Write-Say "⚠️  Local skills directory not found: $skillSrc"
-        Write-Say "   Skipping skills installation."
-        return
+    if ($SkillMode -eq "multi" -and (Test-MultiTreeHasSkills $multiSrc)) {
+        Write-Say ""
+        Write-Say "📦 Installing agent skills (multi) from local source: $multiSrc"
+        if (!(Install-MultiSkillsToHomes -MultiSrc $multiSrc -Root $HOME)) {
+            throw "multi Skill installation failed"
+        }
+    } else {
+        if ($SkillMode -eq "multi") {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  multi skill tree not found or empty at $multiSrc; falling back to mono."
+        }
+        if (!(Test-Path $skillSrc)) {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  Local skills directory not found: $skillSrc"
+            Write-Say "   Skipping skills installation."
+            return
+        }
+
+        Write-Say ""
+        Write-Say "📦 Installing agent skills from local source: $skillSrc"
+
+        if (!(Install-SkillsToHomes -SkillSrc $skillSrc -Root $HOME)) {
+            throw "mono Skill installation failed"
+        }
     }
 
-    Write-Say ""
-    Write-Say "📦 Installing agent skills from local source: $skillSrc"
-
-    Install-SkillsToHomes -SkillSrc $skillSrc -Root $HOME
-
     if (Test-Path $multiSrc) {
         Cache-MultiSkills -Source $multiSrc
     }
@@ -445,28 +715,93 @@ function Install-SkillsLocal {
 function Cache-MultiSkills {
     param([string]$Source)
 
-    if (!(Test-Path $Source)) { return }
+    # Never let an empty/corrupt multi\ tree wipe a previously good cache.
+    if (!(Test-MultiTreeHasSkills $Source)) { return }
 
     $cacheDir = Join-Path $HOME ".dws\skills\multi"
-    if (Test-Path $cacheDir) {
-        Remove-Item -Path $cacheDir -Recurse -Force
+    try {
+        $count = Publish-SkillCache -Source $Source -CacheDir $cacheDir
+        Write-Say "✅ Cached multi skills → $cacheDir ($count files)"
+    } catch {
+        Write-Say "⚠️ Multi Skill 缓存刷新失败，未覆盖原缓存: $cacheDir ($_)"
     }
-    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $cacheDir -Force | Out-Null
-    $count = Copy-DirRecursive -Source $Source -Destination $cacheDir
-    Write-Say "✅ Cached multi skills → $cacheDir ($count files)"
 }
 
 function Cache-MonoSkills {
     param([string]$Source)
 
-    if (!(Test-Path $Source)) { return }
+    # Only refresh when the new bundle actually carries a mono tree — a
+    # multi-only bundle must never wipe a previously good mono cache.
+    if (!(Test-Path (Join-Path $Source "SKILL.md"))) { return }
 
     $cacheDir = Join-Path $HOME ".dws\skills\mono"
-    if (Test-Path $cacheDir) {
-        Remove-Item -Path $cacheDir -Recurse -Force
+    try {
+        Publish-SkillCache -Source $Source -CacheDir $cacheDir | Out-Null
+    } catch {
+        Write-Say "⚠️ Mono Skill 缓存刷新失败，未覆盖原缓存: $cacheDir ($_)"
     }
-    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $cacheDir -Force | Out-Null
-    Copy-DirRecursive -Source $Source -Destination $cacheDir | Out-Null
+}
+
+function Install-MonoToBase {
+    param(
+        [string]$SkillSrc,
+        [string]$BaseDir,
+        [string]$Label
+    )
+
+    if (!(Test-Path $BaseDir)) {
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $BaseDir -Force | Out-Null
+    }
+    $stageRoot = Join-Path $BaseDir (".dws-mono-set-" + [guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
+    $stagedSkill = Join-Path $stageRoot $SkillName
+    $dest = Join-Path $BaseDir $SkillName
+    $backups = @()
+    $published = @()
+    try {
+        # Stage the complete mono tree before moving any Agent-visible
+        # directory, including every mutually-exclusive managed multi Skill.
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $stageRoot -Force -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+        Copy-DirRecursive -Source $SkillSrc -Destination $stagedSkill | Out-Null
+
+        $victims = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
+        $victims.Add($dest)
+        foreach ($existing in Get-ChildItem -Path $BaseDir -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+            if ($existing.FullName -eq $stageRoot) { continue }
+            if (Test-ManagedMultiSkillDir -Dir $existing.FullName) {
+                $victims.Add($existing.FullName)
+            }
+        }
+
+        $seen = [System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]]::new([System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+        foreach ($victim in $victims) {
+            if (!$seen.Add($victim)) { continue }
+            $backupPath = ""
+            if (!(Backup-SkillDir -Dir $victim -BackupPath ([ref]$backupPath))) {
+                throw "Skill 备份失败: $victim"
+            }
+            if ($backupPath) {
+                $backups += [pscustomobject]@{ Original = $victim; Backup = $backupPath }
+            }
+        }
+
+        $published += $dest
+        Move-SkillPath -Source $stagedSkill -Destination $dest
+    } catch {
+        $transactionError = $_
+        if (!(Restore-MultiSkillSet -Published $published -Backups $backups)) {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  原 Skill 集合自动恢复不完整，请检查上方备份路径"
+        }
+        Write-Say "⚠️  mono Skill 集合发布失败，目标已回滚: $BaseDir ($transactionError)"
+        return $false
+    } finally {
+        if (Test-Path $stageRoot) {
+            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $stageRoot -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        }
+    }
+
+    $fileCount = (Get-ChildItem -Path $dest -Recurse -File).Count
+    Write-Say "✅ Skills → $Label ($fileCount files)"
+    return $true
 }
 
 function Install-SkillsToHomes {
@@ -476,35 +811,210 @@ function Install-SkillsToHomes {
     )
 
     $installed = 0
+    $attempted = 0
+    $failed = 0
+	$specificAgents = @($AgentDirs | Select-Object -Skip 1 | Where-Object {
+		Test-Path (Split-Path (Join-Path $Root $_) -Parent)
+	})
     for ($i = 0; $i -lt $AgentDirs.Count; $i++) {
+		if ($i -eq 0 -and $specificAgents.Count -gt 0) { continue }
         $agentDir = $AgentDirs[$i]
         $baseDir = Join-Path $Root $agentDir
         $parentGate = Split-Path $baseDir -Parent
         if ($i -gt 0 -and !(Test-Path $parentGate)) {
             continue
         }
-        $dest = Join-Path $baseDir $SkillName
+        $attempted++
         if ($Root -eq $HOME) {
             $label = "~\$agentDir\$SkillName"
         } else {
             $label = Join-Path $Root (Join-Path $agentDir $SkillName)
         }
-        if ($installed -eq 0) {
-            Copy-SkillToDir -SkillSrc $SkillSrc -Dest $dest -Label $label
+        $copied = Install-MonoToBase -SkillSrc $SkillSrc -BaseDir $baseDir -Label $label
+        if ($copied) {
+            $installed++
         } else {
-            Copy-SkillToDirSummary -SkillSrc $SkillSrc -Dest $dest -Label $label
+            $failed++
         }
-        $installed++
     }
-    if ($installed -eq 0) {
+	if ($specificAgents.Count -gt 0 -and $installed -gt 0) {
+		if (!(Move-GenericSkillRootToBackup -Root $Root)) { $failed++ }
+	}
+    if ($attempted -eq 0) {
         $fallback = Join-Path (Join-Path $Root ".agents\skills") $SkillName
         if ($Root -eq $HOME) {
             $flabel = "~\.agents\skills\$SkillName"
         } else {
             $flabel = Join-Path $Root (Join-Path ".agents\skills" $SkillName)
         }
-        Copy-SkillToDir -SkillSrc $SkillSrc -Dest $fallback -Label $flabel
+        if (Install-MonoToBase -SkillSrc $SkillSrc -BaseDir (Split-Path $fallback -Parent) -Label $flabel) {
+            $installed++
+        } else {
+            $failed++
+        }
     }
+    if ($installed -eq 0) {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  未安装任何 mono Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败"
+        return $false
+    }
+    if ($failed -gt 0) {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  有 $failed 个 Agent 目标安装 mono Skill 失败"
+        return $false
+    }
+    Remove-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $SkillStateRoot "skills-state.json") -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+    return $true
+}
+
+# Test-MultiTreeHasSkills returns $true only when the multi bundle directory
+# contains at least one product skill (a subdirectory with a SKILL.md). An
+# empty or corrupt multi\ tree must never select the multi branch: installing
+# it would delete existing dws\ + dingtalk-* skills and lay down nothing.
+function Test-MultiTreeHasSkills {
+    param([string]$MultiSrc)
+    if (!(Test-Path $MultiSrc)) { return $false }
+    foreach ($dir in Get-ChildItem -Path $MultiSrc -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        if (Test-Path (Join-Path $dir.FullName "SKILL.md")) { return $true }
+    }
+    return $false
+}
+
+# Install the multi skill bundle (one subdirectory per product skill) into all
+# agent homes as sibling directories, mirroring `dws skill setup --mode multi`.
+# Mutual exclusion: the mono leftover (<home>\dws) and stale DWS-managed Skills
+# not present in the new bundle are removed first.
+function Install-MultiSkillsToHomes {
+    param(
+        [string]$MultiSrc,
+        [string]$Root = $HOME
+    )
+
+    $installed = 0
+    $attempted = 0
+    $failed = 0
+	$specificAgents = @($AgentDirs | Select-Object -Skip 1 | Where-Object {
+		Test-Path (Split-Path (Join-Path $Root $_) -Parent)
+	})
+    for ($i = 0; $i -lt $AgentDirs.Count; $i++) {
+		if ($i -eq 0 -and $specificAgents.Count -gt 0) { continue }
+        $agentDir = $AgentDirs[$i]
+        $baseDir = Join-Path $Root $agentDir
+        $parentGate = Split-Path $baseDir -Parent
+        if ($i -gt 0 -and !(Test-Path $parentGate)) {
+            continue
+        }
+        $attempted++
+        if (Install-MultiToBase -MultiSrc $MultiSrc -BaseDir $baseDir -Root $Root -AgentDir $agentDir) {
+            $installed++
+        } else {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  跳过 $baseDir（备份失败，未安装 multi）"
+            $failed++
+        }
+    }
+	if ($specificAgents.Count -gt 0 -and $installed -gt 0) {
+		if (!(Move-GenericSkillRootToBackup -Root $Root)) { $failed++ }
+	}
+    if ($attempted -eq 0) {
+        if (Install-MultiToBase -MultiSrc $MultiSrc -BaseDir (Join-Path $Root ".agents\skills") -Root $Root -AgentDir ".agents\skills") {
+            $installed++
+        } else {
+            $failed++
+        }
+    }
+    if ($installed -eq 0) {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  未安装任何 multi Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败"
+        return $false
+    }
+    if ($failed -gt 0) {
+        Write-Say "⚠️  有 $failed 个 Agent 目标安装 multi Skill 失败"
+        return $false
+    }
+    Write-SkillsState -MultiSrc $MultiSrc
+    return $true
+}
+
+function Install-MultiToBase {
+    param(
+        [string]$MultiSrc,
+        [string]$BaseDir,
+        [string]$Root,
+        [string]$AgentDir
+    )
+
+    if (!(Test-Path $BaseDir)) {
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $BaseDir -Force | Out-Null
+    }
+
+    $skillDirs = @(Get-ChildItem -Path $MultiSrc -Directory | Where-Object {
+        Test-Path (Join-Path $_.FullName "SKILL.md")
+    })
+    $stageRoot = Join-Path $BaseDir (".dws-multi-set-" + [guid]::NewGuid().ToString("N"))
+    $backups = @()
+    $published = @()
+    try {
+        # Stage the complete replacement before moving any Agent-visible
+        # directory. Copy failures therefore leave the old set untouched.
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $stageRoot -Force -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+        foreach ($skillDir in $skillDirs) {
+            Copy-DirRecursive -Source $skillDir.FullName -Destination (Join-Path $stageRoot $skillDir.Name) | Out-Null
+        }
+
+        $victims = [System.Collections.Generic.List[string]]::new()
+        $victims.Add((Join-Path $BaseDir $SkillName))
+
+        # Include stale, proven DWS-managed skills in the same transaction.
+        foreach ($existing in Get-ChildItem -Path $BaseDir -Directory -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+            if ($existing.FullName -eq $stageRoot) { continue }
+            if ((Test-ManagedMultiSkillDir -Dir $existing.FullName) -and
+                !(Test-Path (Join-Path (Join-Path $MultiSrc $existing.Name) "SKILL.md"))) {
+                $victims.Add($existing.FullName)
+            }
+        }
+        if (!(Test-Path (Join-Path (Join-Path $MultiSrc "dws-shared") "SKILL.md"))) {
+            $victims.Add((Join-Path $BaseDir "dws-shared"))
+        }
+        foreach ($skillDir in $skillDirs) {
+            $victims.Add((Join-Path $BaseDir $skillDir.Name))
+        }
+
+        $seen = [System.Collections.Generic.HashSet[string]]::new([System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+        foreach ($victim in $victims) {
+            if (!$seen.Add($victim)) { continue }
+            $backupPath = ""
+            if (!(Backup-SkillDir -Dir $victim -BackupPath ([ref]$backupPath))) {
+                throw "Skill 备份失败: $victim"
+            }
+            if ($backupPath) {
+                $backups += [pscustomobject]@{ Original = $victim; Backup = $backupPath }
+            }
+        }
+
+        foreach ($skillDir in $skillDirs) {
+            $dest = Join-Path $BaseDir $skillDir.Name
+            $published += $dest
+            Move-SkillPath -Source (Join-Path $stageRoot $skillDir.Name) -Destination $dest
+        }
+    } catch {
+        $transactionError = $_
+        if (!(Restore-MultiSkillSet -Published $published -Backups $backups)) {
+            Write-Say "⚠️  原 Skill 集合自动恢复不完整，请检查上方备份路径"
+        }
+        Write-Say "⚠️  multi Skill 集合发布失败，目标已回滚: $BaseDir ($transactionError)"
+        return $false
+    } finally {
+        if (Test-Path $stageRoot) {
+            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $stageRoot -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        }
+    }
+
+    $count = $skillDirs.Count
+
+    if ($Root -eq $HOME) {
+        $label = "~\$AgentDir\"
+    } else {
+        $label = Join-Path $Root $AgentDir
+    }
+    Write-Say "✅ Skills → $label ($count product skills)"
+    return $true
 }
 
 # ── Install Binary from Source ───────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -575,22 +1085,37 @@ function Install-Skills {
             $skillSrc = Join-Path $extractRoot $SkillName
         }
 
-        if (!(Test-Path (Join-Path $skillSrc "SKILL.md"))) {
-            Write-Say "⚠️  Skills not found in release asset. Trying local source..."
-            $localRoot = Resolve-SourceRoot
-            if ($localRoot) {
-                Install-SkillsLocal -Root $localRoot
+        # Multi first: a release may ship only the multi\ tree without the
+        # root mono copy, so the mono SKILL.md gate must never block a multi
+        # install. An empty/corrupt multi\ tree (no *\SKILL.md) falls back to
+        # mono with a warning — installing it would wipe existing skills and
+        # lay down nothing.
+        $multiRoot = Join-Path $extractRoot "multi"
+        if ($SkillMode -eq "multi" -and (Test-MultiTreeHasSkills $multiRoot)) {
+            if (!(Install-MultiSkillsToHomes -MultiSrc $multiRoot -Root $HOME)) {
+                throw "multi Skill installation failed"
+            }
+        } else {
+            if ($SkillMode -eq "multi") {
+                Write-Say "⚠️  multi skill tree not found or empty in release asset; falling back to mono."
+            }
+            if (!(Test-Path (Join-Path $skillSrc "SKILL.md"))) {
+                Write-Say "⚠️  Skills not found in release asset. Trying local source..."
+                $localRoot = Resolve-SourceRoot
+                if ($localRoot) {
+                    Install-SkillsLocal -Root $localRoot
+                    return
+                }
+                Write-Say "⚠️  No local source found either. Skipping skills installation."
                 return
             }
-            Write-Say "⚠️  No local source found either. Skipping skills installation."
-            return
+            if (!(Install-SkillsToHomes -SkillSrc $skillSrc -Root $HOME)) {
+                throw "mono Skill installation failed"
+            }
         }
 
-        Install-SkillsToHomes -SkillSrc $skillSrc -Root $HOME
-
         # Cache the multi/ tree (and a mono copy) under ~/.dws/skills so that
         # subsequent `dws skill setup --mode multi|mono` can find a source.
-        $multiRoot = Join-Path $extractRoot "multi"
         if (Test-Path $multiRoot) {
             Cache-MultiSkills -Source $multiRoot
         }
@@ -617,27 +1142,15 @@ if (!$NoSkills) {
 if ($SourceRoot -and !$SkillsOnly -and ($Version -eq "latest")) {
     Install-BinaryFromSource -Root $SourceRoot
     if (!$NoSkills) {
-        if ($SkillMode -eq "multi") {
-            Write-MultiModeNotice
-        } else {
-            Install-SkillsLocal -Root $SourceRoot
-        }
+        Install-SkillsLocal -Root $SourceRoot
     }
 } elseif ($SkillsOnly) {
-    if ($SkillMode -eq "multi") {
-        Write-MultiModeNotice
-    } else {
-        Install-Skills
-    }
+    Install-Skills
 } elseif ($NoSkills) {
     Install-Binary
 } else {
     Install-Binary
-    if ($SkillMode -eq "multi") {
-        Write-MultiModeNotice
-    } else {
-        Install-Skills
-    }
+    Install-Skills
 }
 
 Write-Host ""

scripts/install.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #   DWS_VERSION       — version to install             (default: latest)
 #   DWS_NO_SKILLS     — set to 1 to skip skills install
 #   DWS_SKILLS_ONLY   — set to 1 to install only skills (skip binary)
-#   DWS_SKILL_MODE    — mono | multi (default: prompt if TTY, else mono)
+#   DWS_SKILL_MODE    — mono | multi (default: prompt if TTY, else multi)
 #   DWS_GITEE_REPO    — "owner/repo" on Gitee; when set, version + assets resolve
 #                       via the Gitee API instead of GitHub (China mirror)
 #
@@ -38,8 +38,10 @@ INSTALL_NAME="${DWS_INSTALL_NAME:-$BIN_NAME}"
 VERSION="${DWS_VERSION:-latest}"
 NO_SKILLS="${DWS_NO_SKILLS:-0}"
 SKILLS_ONLY="${DWS_SKILLS_ONLY:-0}"
+SKILL_STATE_ROOT="${DWS_CONFIG_DIR:-$HOME/.dws}"
 SKILL_NAME="dws"
 SKILL_MODE=""
+MANAGED_SKILL_DIGEST_SCOPE="skill-directory-v1"
 
 # ── Helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
@@ -59,6 +61,234 @@ need_cmd() {
   return 0
 }
 
+# backup_and_remove_skill_dir <dir>
+# Moves <dir> into $HOME/.dws/skill-backups/<stamp>/<name> instead of
+# destroying it (non-interactive installs cannot confirm, so removals must
+# stay reversible). Missing paths are a no-op success. On any backup failure
+# the directory is left in place and a non-zero status is returned so callers
+# skip that target rather than silently deleting data.
+DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP=""
+backup_and_remove_skill_dir() {
+  _bed_dir="$1"
+  DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP=""
+  [ -d "$_bed_dir" ] || return 0
+  _bed_root="${HOME}/.dws/skill-backups"
+  _bed_stamp="$(date -u +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)"
+  _bed_name="$(basename "$_bed_dir")"
+  _bed_target="$_bed_root/$_bed_stamp/$_bed_name"
+  _bed_i=1
+  while [ -e "$_bed_target" ]; do
+    _bed_target="$_bed_root/$_bed_stamp-$_bed_i/$_bed_name"
+    _bed_i=$((_bed_i + 1))
+    if [ "$_bed_i" -gt 1000 ]; then
+      say "  ⚠️  备份目录冲突，保留原目录 $_bed_dir"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+  mkdir -p "$(dirname "$_bed_target")" 2>/dev/null || {
+    say "  ⚠️  无法创建备份目录，保留原目录 $_bed_dir"
+    return 1
+  }
+  if mv "$_bed_dir" "$_bed_target" 2>/dev/null; then
+    DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP="$_bed_target"
+    say "  × 已备份并移除 $_bed_dir → $_bed_target"
+    return 0
+  fi
+  say "  ⚠️  备份失败，保留原目录 $_bed_dir"
+  return 1
+}
+
+# A dingtalk-* prefix alone is not ownership evidence: market/user skills may
+# use it too. Ownership comes from the centralized skills-state.json.
+is_managed_multi_skill_dir() {
+  _managed_dir="$1"
+  _managed_name="$(basename "$_managed_dir")"
+  is_legacy_official_multi_skill_name "$_managed_name" && return 0
+  [ -f "$SKILL_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json" ] || return 1
+  _managed_json_name="$(json_escape "$_managed_name")"
+  _managed_compact='"name":"'"$_managed_json_name"'"'
+  _managed_spaced='"name": "'"$_managed_json_name"'"'
+  DWS_MANAGED_COMPACT="$_managed_compact" DWS_MANAGED_SPACED="$_managed_spaced" awk '
+    /^[[:space:]]*"managed_skills"[[:space:]]*:[[:space:]]*\[[[:space:]]*$/ { inside = 1; next }
+    inside && /^[[:space:]]*\][[:space:]]*,?[[:space:]]*$/ { closed = 1; exit }
+    inside && (index($0, ENVIRON["DWS_MANAGED_COMPACT"]) || index($0, ENVIRON["DWS_MANAGED_SPACED"])) { found = 1 }
+    END { exit !(closed && found) }
+  ' "$SKILL_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json"
+}
+
+# Frozen exact names shipped before centralized ownership metadata. Never replace this
+# with a dingtalk-* prefix check: user/market Skills may use that prefix.
+is_legacy_official_multi_skill_name() {
+  case "$1" in
+    dingtalk-agoal|dingtalk-aiapp|dingtalk-aisearch|dingtalk-aitable|dingtalk-attendance|dingtalk-calendar|dingtalk-chat|dingtalk-contact|dingtalk-dev|dingtalk-devapp|dingtalk-devdoc|dingtalk-ding|dingtalk-doc|dingtalk-drive|dingtalk-event|dingtalk-hrbrain|dingtalk-live|dingtalk-mail|dingtalk-markdown|dingtalk-minutes|dingtalk-misc|dingtalk-oa|dingtalk-pat|dingtalk-profile|dingtalk-report|dingtalk-shared|dingtalk-sheet|dingtalk-skill|dingtalk-todo|dingtalk-wiki|dws-shared) return 0 ;;
+  esac
+  return 1
+}
+
+json_escape() {
+  printf '%s' "$1" | sed 's/\\/\\\\/g; s/"/\\"/g'
+}
+
+sha256_stdin() {
+  if need_cmd sha256sum; then
+    sha256sum | awk '{print $1}'
+  elif need_cmd shasum; then
+    shasum -a 256 | awk '{print $1}'
+  elif need_cmd openssl; then
+    openssl dgst -sha256 | awk '{print $NF}'
+  else
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+digest_skill_dir() {
+  _digest_dir="$1"
+  _digest="$({
+    find "$_digest_dir" -type f -print | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _digest_file; do
+      _digest_rel="${_digest_file#"$_digest_dir"/}"
+      printf '%s\0' "$_digest_rel"
+      cat "$_digest_file"
+      printf '\0'
+    done
+  } | sha256_stdin)" || return 1
+  printf 'sha256:%s' "$_digest"
+}
+
+write_skills_state() {
+  _state_multi="$1"
+  _state_source="$2"
+  _state_root="$SKILL_STATE_ROOT"
+  mkdir -p "$_state_root" || return 1
+  _state_tmp="$(mktemp "$_state_root/.skills-state.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _state_version="$(json_escape "$VERSION")"
+  _state_names=""
+  for _state_dir in "$_state_multi"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${_state_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _state_name="$(basename "$_state_dir")"
+    _state_names="${_state_names}${_state_name}\n"
+  done
+  {
+    printf '{\n  "version": "%s",\n' "$_state_version"
+    printf '  "official_skills": ['
+    _state_first=1
+    printf '%b' "$_state_names" | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _state_name; do
+      [ -n "$_state_name" ] || continue
+      [ "$_state_first" -eq 1 ] || printf ', '
+      printf '"%s"' "$(json_escape "$_state_name")"
+      _state_first=0
+    done
+    printf '],\n  "updated_skills": ['
+    _state_first=1
+    printf '%b' "$_state_names" | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _state_name; do
+      [ -n "$_state_name" ] || continue
+      [ "$_state_first" -eq 1 ] || printf ', '
+      printf '"%s"' "$(json_escape "$_state_name")"
+      _state_first=0
+    done
+    printf '],\n  "managed_skills": [\n'
+    _state_first=1
+    printf '%b' "$_state_names" | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r _state_name; do
+      [ -n "$_state_name" ] || continue
+      _state_digest="$(digest_skill_dir "$_state_multi/$_state_name")" || exit 1
+      [ "$_state_first" -eq 1 ] || printf ',\n'
+      printf '    {"name":"%s","version":"%s","source":"%s","digest":"%s","digest_scope":"%s"}' "$(json_escape "$_state_name")" "$_state_version" "$_state_source" "$_state_digest" "$MANAGED_SKILL_DIGEST_SCOPE"
+      _state_first=0
+    done
+    printf '\n  ],\n  "updated_at": "%s"\n}\n' "$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)"
+  } > "$_state_tmp" || { rm -f "$_state_tmp"; return 1; }
+  mv "$_state_tmp" "$_state_root/skills-state.json"
+}
+
+# backup_and_record_skill_dir <victim> <manifest>
+# Records exact original/backup pairs so a multi-set transaction can restore
+# earlier moves when any later backup or publication fails.
+backup_and_record_skill_dir() {
+  _bars_victim="$1"
+  _bars_manifest="$2"
+  backup_and_remove_skill_dir "$_bars_victim" || return 1
+  if [ -n "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP" ]; then
+    if ! printf '%s\n%s\n' "$_bars_victim" "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP" >> "$_bars_manifest"; then
+      mv "$DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP" "$_bars_victim" 2>/dev/null || say "  ⚠️  备份记录失败且无法自动恢复: $_bars_victim（备份位于 $DWS_LAST_SKILL_BACKUP）"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+}
+
+# restore_multi_skill_set <published-manifest> <backup-manifest>
+# Removes partial new publications, then restores every old directory from
+# its exact backup path. Paths containing newlines are outside the supported
+# installer path contract; spaces are preserved.
+restore_multi_skill_set() {
+  _rms_published="$1"
+  _rms_backups="$2"
+  _rms_ok=1
+  if [ -f "$_rms_published" ]; then
+    while IFS= read -r _rms_dest; do
+      [ -n "$_rms_dest" ] || continue
+      rm -rf "$_rms_dest" || _rms_ok=0
+    done < "$_rms_published"
+  fi
+  if [ -f "$_rms_backups" ]; then
+    while IFS= read -r _rms_original && IFS= read -r _rms_backup; do
+      [ -n "$_rms_backup" ] || continue
+      if [ -e "$_rms_original" ] || ! mkdir -p "$(dirname "$_rms_original")" || ! mv "$_rms_backup" "$_rms_original"; then
+        say "  ⚠️  无法恢复原 Skill: $_rms_original（备份保留于 $_rms_backup）"
+        _rms_ok=0
+      fi
+    done < "$_rms_backups"
+  fi
+  [ "$_rms_ok" -eq 1 ]
+}
+
+# publish_skill_cache <source> <cache-dir>
+# Copies a complete cache into a sibling staging directory, then publishes it
+# with rename. Copy/publish failures retain the previous cache; if restoration
+# itself fails, the recovery directory is reported and left untouched.
+publish_skill_cache() {
+  _psc_src="$1"
+  _psc_cache="$2"
+  _psc_parent="$(dirname "$_psc_cache")"
+  _psc_name="$(basename "$_psc_cache")"
+  _psc_stage=""
+  _psc_old=""
+
+  mkdir -p "$_psc_parent" || return 1
+  _psc_stage="$(mktemp -d "$_psc_parent/.${_psc_name}.tmp.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  if ! cp -R "$_psc_src/." "$_psc_stage/" 2>/dev/null && \
+     ! cp -r "$_psc_src/." "$_psc_stage/" 2>/dev/null; then
+    rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if [ -e "$_psc_cache" ]; then
+    _psc_old="$(mktemp -d "$_psc_parent/.${_psc_name}.old.XXXXXX")" || {
+      rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+      return 1
+    }
+    rmdir "$_psc_old" || {
+      rm -rf "$_psc_stage" "$_psc_old"
+      return 1
+    }
+    if ! mv "$_psc_cache" "$_psc_old"; then
+      rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  if mv "$_psc_stage" "$_psc_cache"; then
+    if [ -n "$_psc_old" ] && ! rm -rf "$_psc_old"; then
+      say "  ⚠️ 新 Skill 缓存已生效，但旧缓存清理失败: $_psc_old"
+    fi
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  rm -rf "$_psc_stage"
+  if [ -n "$_psc_old" ] && ! mv "$_psc_old" "$_psc_cache"; then
+    say "  ⚠️ Skill 缓存发布失败，原缓存保留在 $_psc_old"
+  fi
+  return 1
+}
+
 resolve_source_root() {
   script_path="$0"
   if [ ! -f "$script_path" ]; then
@@ -215,8 +445,8 @@ print_banner() {
 #
 # Priority (highest first):
 #   1. DWS_SKILL_MODE env var (mono | multi, case-insensitive)
-#   2. Interactive prompt when both stdin and stdout are TTYs (default: mono)
-#   3. Fallback: mono (non-TTY without env var, e.g. curl | sh)
+#   2. Interactive prompt when both stdin and stdout are TTYs (default: multi)
+#   3. Fallback: multi (non-TTY without env var, e.g. curl | sh)
 resolve_skill_mode() {
   if [ -n "${DWS_SKILL_MODE:-}" ]; then
     raw="$DWS_SKILL_MODE"
@@ -237,31 +467,23 @@ resolve_skill_mode() {
   if [ -t 0 ] && [ -t 1 ]; then
     printf '\n'
     say "Select skill installation mode:"
-    say "  1) mono  — install one bundled dws skill (stable / recommended)"
-    say "  2) multi — split each product into its own skill (run 'dws skill setup --mode multi' afterwards)"
+    say "  1) multi (default) — split each product into its own skill (dingtalk-*)"
+    say "  2) mono            — install one bundled dws skill (legacy)"
     printf '  Choice [1]: '
     read choice || choice=""
     case "$choice" in
-      ""|1|mono)  SKILL_MODE="mono" ;;
-      2|multi)    SKILL_MODE="multi" ;;
+      ""|1|multi) SKILL_MODE="multi" ;;
+      2|mono)     SKILL_MODE="mono" ;;
       *)
-        say "Unrecognized choice '${choice}', defaulting to mono."
-        SKILL_MODE="mono"
+        say "Unrecognized choice '${choice}', defaulting to multi."
+        SKILL_MODE="multi"
         ;;
     esac
     say "Skill mode: ${SKILL_MODE}"
     return 0
   fi
 
-  SKILL_MODE="mono"
-}
-
-print_multi_mode_notice() {
-  say ""
-  say "Skill mode: multi — automatic skill install skipped."
-  say "   To install split skills, run:"
-  say "     ${BIN_NAME} skill setup --mode multi"
-  say "   (One skill per product family; requires the dws binary installed above.)"
+  SKILL_MODE="multi"
 }
 
 install_binary_from_source() {
@@ -296,17 +518,26 @@ install_skills_local() {
   skill_src="${root}/skills/mono"
   multi_src="${root}/skills/multi"
 
-  if [ ! -d "$skill_src" ]; then
-    say "⚠️  Local skills directory not found: ${skill_src}"
-    say "   Skipping skills installation."
-    return 1
+  if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ] && multi_tree_has_skills "$multi_src"; then
+    say ""
+    say "📦 Installing agent skills (multi) from local source: ${multi_src}"
+    install_multi_skills_to_homes "$multi_src"
+  else
+    if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ]; then
+      say "⚠️  Multi skill tree not found or empty at ${multi_src}; falling back to mono."
+    fi
+    if [ ! -d "$skill_src" ]; then
+      say "⚠️  Local skills directory not found: ${skill_src}"
+      say "   Skipping skills installation."
+      return 1
+    fi
+
+    say ""
+    say "📦 Installing agent skills from local source: ${skill_src}"
+
+    install_skills_to_homes "$skill_src"
   fi
 
-  say ""
-  say "📦 Installing agent skills from local source: ${skill_src}"
-
-  install_skills_to_homes "$skill_src"
-
   # Cache multi source for later `dws skill setup --mode multi`.
   if [ -d "$multi_src" ]; then
     cache_multi_skills "$multi_src"
@@ -326,14 +557,14 @@ cache_multi_skills() {
   src="$1"
   cache_dir="${HOME}/.dws/skills/multi"
 
-  if [ ! -d "$src" ]; then
+  # Never let an empty/corrupt multi/ tree wipe a previously good cache.
+  multi_tree_has_skills "$src" || return 0
+
+  if ! publish_skill_cache "$src" "$cache_dir"; then
+    say "⚠️  Multi Skill 缓存刷新失败，未覆盖原缓存: ${cache_dir}"
     return 0
   fi
 
-  rm -rf "$cache_dir"
-  mkdir -p "$cache_dir"
-  cp -R "$src/"* "$cache_dir/" 2>/dev/null || cp -r "$src/"* "$cache_dir/" 2>/dev/null || true
-
   file_count="$(find "$cache_dir" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
   case "$cache_dir" in
     "$HOME"/*) label="~/${cache_dir#$HOME/}" ;;
@@ -349,21 +580,111 @@ cache_mono_skills() {
   src="$1"
   cache_dir="${HOME}/.dws/skills/mono"
 
-  if [ ! -d "$src" ]; then
+  # Only refresh when the new bundle actually carries a mono tree — a
+  # multi-only bundle must never wipe a previously good mono cache.
+  if [ ! -f "$src/SKILL.md" ]; then
     return 0
   fi
 
-  rm -rf "$cache_dir"
-  mkdir -p "$cache_dir"
-  cp -R "$src/"* "$cache_dir/" 2>/dev/null || cp -r "$src/"* "$cache_dir/" 2>/dev/null || true
+  if ! publish_skill_cache "$src" "$cache_dir"; then
+    say "⚠️  Mono Skill 缓存刷新失败，未覆盖原缓存: ${cache_dir}"
+  fi
+}
+
+# Publish mono and all mutually-exclusive managed multi directories as one
+# transaction. The complete dws/ tree is staged before any visible directory
+# moves; any later backup or publish failure restores the exact old set.
+_install_mono_to_base() {
+  _mono_src="$1"
+  _mono_base="$2"
+  _mono_label="$3"
+
+  mkdir -p "$_mono_base" || return 1
+  _mono_stage="$(mktemp -d "$_mono_base/.dws-mono-set.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _mono_backups="$_mono_stage/.backups"
+  _mono_published="$_mono_stage/.published"
+  : > "$_mono_backups" || { rm -rf "$_mono_stage"; return 1; }
+  : > "$_mono_published" || { rm -rf "$_mono_stage"; return 1; }
+  mkdir -p "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME" || { rm -rf "$_mono_stage"; return 1; }
+  if ! cp -R "$_mono_src/." "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$_mono_src/." "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME/"; then
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_mono_base/$SKILL_NAME" "$_mono_backups"; then
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || true
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  for existing in "$_mono_base"/*/; do
+    [ -d "$existing" ] || continue
+    is_managed_multi_skill_dir "$existing" || continue
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$existing" "$_mono_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  _mono_dest="$_mono_base/$SKILL_NAME"
+  printf '%s\n' "$_mono_dest" >> "$_mono_published" || {
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || true
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  }
+  if ! mv "$_mono_stage/$SKILL_NAME" "$_mono_dest"; then
+    say "  ⚠️  mono Skill 集合发布失败，正在恢复原集合: $_mono_dest"
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_mono_published" "$_mono_backups" || say "  ⚠️  原 Skill 集合自动恢复不完整，请检查上方备份路径"
+    rm -rf "$_mono_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  rm -rf "$_mono_stage" || return 1
+  _mono_count="$(find "$_mono_dest" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
+  say "✅ Skills → ${_mono_label} (${_mono_count} files)"
+}
+
+# Move DWS-owned copies out of the generic root once a concrete Agent root is
+# active. This prevents Agents such as Codex from discovering the same Skill
+# through both ~/.agents/skills and ~/.codex/skills.
+retire_generic_skill_root() {
+  _rgs_root="$1"
+  _rgs_base="$_rgs_root/.agents/skills"
+  _rgs_stage="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-retire-generic.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _rgs_backups="$_rgs_stage/backups"
+  : > "$_rgs_backups" || { rm -rf "$_rgs_stage"; return 1; }
+  for _rgs_victim in "$_rgs_base/dws" "$_rgs_base"/*; do
+    [ -d "$_rgs_victim" ] || continue
+    if [ "$(basename "$_rgs_victim")" != "dws" ] && ! is_managed_multi_skill_dir "$_rgs_victim"; then
+      continue
+    fi
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_rgs_victim" "$_rgs_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set /dev/null "$_rgs_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_rgs_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+  rm -rf "$_rgs_stage"
 }
 
 # Install skill tree into all agent homes (same rules as build/npm/install.js installSkillsToHomes).
+# Installing mono removes proven DWS-managed multi leftovers for mutual exclusion,
+# mirroring `dws skill setup --mode mono`.
 install_skills_to_homes() {
   skill_src="$1"
   root="${HOME}"
   installed=0
+  attempted=0
+  failed=0
   idx=0
+  specific_agents=0
+  for specific_dir in \
+    ".claude/skills" ".cursor/skills" ".qoder/skills" ".qoderwork/skills" \
+    ".gemini/skills" ".codex/skills" ".zcode/skills" ".github/skills" ".windsurf/skills" \
+    ".augment/skills" ".cline/skills" ".amp/skills" ".kiro/skills" \
+    ".trae/skills" ".openclaw/skills" ".hermes/skills"
+  do
+    [ -e "$root/$(dirname "$specific_dir")" ] && specific_agents=$((specific_agents + 1))
+  done
   for agent_dir in \
     ".agents/skills" \
     ".claude/skills" \
@@ -372,6 +693,7 @@ install_skills_to_homes() {
     ".qoderwork/skills" \
     ".gemini/skills" \
     ".codex/skills" \
+    ".zcode/skills" \
     ".github/skills" \
     ".windsurf/skills" \
     ".augment/skills" \
@@ -382,13 +704,17 @@ install_skills_to_homes() {
     ".openclaw/skills" \
     ".hermes/skills"
   do
+    if [ "$idx" -eq 0 ] && [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ]; then
+      idx=$((idx + 1))
+      continue
+    fi
     base_dir="$root/$agent_dir"
     parent_gate="$(dirname "$base_dir")"
     if [ "$idx" -gt 0 ] && [ ! -e "$parent_gate" ]; then
       idx=$((idx + 1))
       continue
     fi
-    dest="$base_dir/$SKILL_NAME"
+    attempted=$((attempted + 1))
     case "$root" in
       "$HOME")
         label="~/$agent_dir/$SKILL_NAME"
@@ -397,15 +723,17 @@ install_skills_to_homes() {
         label="$root/$agent_dir/$SKILL_NAME"
         ;;
     esac
-    if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
-      _copy_skill "$skill_src" "$dest" "$label"
+    if _install_mono_to_base "$skill_src" "$base_dir" "$label"; then
+      installed=$((installed + 1))
     else
-      _copy_skill_summary "$skill_src" "$dest" "$label"
+      failed=$((failed + 1))
     fi
-    installed=$((installed + 1))
     idx=$((idx + 1))
   done
-  if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
+  if [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ] && [ "$installed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    retire_generic_skill_root "$root" || failed=$((failed + 1))
+  fi
+  if [ "$attempted" -eq 0 ]; then
     case "$root" in
       "$HOME")
         flabel="~/.agents/skills/$SKILL_NAME"
@@ -414,8 +742,206 @@ install_skills_to_homes() {
         flabel="$root/.agents/skills/$SKILL_NAME"
         ;;
     esac
-    _copy_skill "$skill_src" "$root/.agents/skills/$SKILL_NAME" "$flabel"
+    if _install_mono_to_base "$skill_src" "$root/.agents/skills" "$flabel"; then
+      installed=$((installed + 1))
+    else
+      failed=$((failed + 1))
+    fi
   fi
+  if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
+    say "  ⚠️  未安装任何 mono Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if [ "$failed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    say "  ⚠️  有 ${failed} 个 Agent 目标安装 mono Skill 失败"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  rm -f "$SKILL_STATE_ROOT/skills-state.json"
+}
+
+# multi_tree_has_skills returns 0 only when the given multi bundle directory
+# contains at least one product skill (a subdirectory with a SKILL.md). An
+# empty or corrupt multi/ tree must never select the multi branch: installing
+# it would delete existing dws/ + dingtalk-* skills and lay down nothing.
+# (Go bundleSkillNames and install.js multiTreeHasSkills guard the same way.)
+multi_tree_has_skills() {
+  _dir="$1"
+  [ -d "$_dir" ] || return 1
+  for _sub in "$_dir"/*/; do
+    if [ -f "${_sub}SKILL.md" ]; then
+      return 0
+    fi
+  done
+  return 1
+}
+
+# Install the multi skill bundle (one subdirectory per product skill) into all
+# agent homes as sibling directories, mirroring `dws skill setup --mode multi`.
+# Mutual exclusion: the mono leftover (<home>/dws) and stale DWS-managed Skills
+# not present in the new bundle are removed first.
+install_multi_skills_to_homes() {
+  multi_src="$1"
+  root="${HOME}"
+  installed=0
+  attempted=0
+  failed=0
+  idx=0
+  specific_agents=0
+  for specific_dir in \
+    ".claude/skills" ".cursor/skills" ".qoder/skills" ".qoderwork/skills" \
+    ".gemini/skills" ".codex/skills" ".zcode/skills" ".github/skills" ".windsurf/skills" \
+    ".augment/skills" ".cline/skills" ".amp/skills" ".kiro/skills" \
+    ".trae/skills" ".openclaw/skills" ".hermes/skills"
+  do
+    [ -e "$root/$(dirname "$specific_dir")" ] && specific_agents=$((specific_agents + 1))
+  done
+  for agent_dir in \
+    ".agents/skills" \
+    ".claude/skills" \
+    ".cursor/skills" \
+    ".qoder/skills" \
+    ".qoderwork/skills" \
+    ".gemini/skills" \
+    ".codex/skills" \
+    ".zcode/skills" \
+    ".github/skills" \
+    ".windsurf/skills" \
+    ".augment/skills" \
+    ".cline/skills" \
+    ".amp/skills" \
+    ".kiro/skills" \
+    ".trae/skills" \
+    ".openclaw/skills" \
+    ".hermes/skills"
+  do
+    if [ "$idx" -eq 0 ] && [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ]; then
+      idx=$((idx + 1))
+      continue
+    fi
+    base_dir="$root/$agent_dir"
+    parent_gate="$(dirname "$base_dir")"
+    if [ "$idx" -gt 0 ] && [ ! -e "$parent_gate" ]; then
+      idx=$((idx + 1))
+      continue
+    fi
+    attempted=$((attempted + 1))
+    if _install_multi_to_base "$multi_src" "$base_dir" "$root" "$agent_dir"; then
+      installed=$((installed + 1))
+    else
+      failed=$((failed + 1))
+      say "  ⚠️  跳过 ${base_dir}（备份或复制失败，未完成 multi 安装）"
+    fi
+    idx=$((idx + 1))
+  done
+  if [ "$specific_agents" -gt 0 ] && [ "$installed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    retire_generic_skill_root "$root" || failed=$((failed + 1))
+  fi
+  if [ "$attempted" -eq 0 ] && _install_multi_to_base "$multi_src" "$root/.agents/skills" "$root" ".agents/skills"; then
+    installed=$((installed + 1))
+  fi
+  if [ "$installed" -eq 0 ]; then
+    say "  ⚠️  未安装任何 multi Skill：所有检测到的 Agent 目标均失败"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if [ "$failed" -gt 0 ]; then
+    say "  ⚠️  有 ${failed} 个 Agent 目标安装失败"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  write_skills_state "$multi_src" "install.sh" || return 1
+}
+
+_install_multi_to_base() {
+  _msrc="$1"
+  _base="$2"
+  _root="$3"
+  _agent_dir="$4"
+
+  mkdir -p "$_base" || return 1
+
+  # Build the complete replacement set before moving any Agent-visible
+  # directory. The manifests remain inside the private staging directory.
+  _ms_stage="$(mktemp -d "$_base/.dws-multi-set.XXXXXX")" || return 1
+  _ms_backups="$_ms_stage/.backups"
+  _ms_published="$_ms_stage/.published"
+  : > "$_ms_backups" || { rm -rf "$_ms_stage"; return 1; }
+  : > "$_ms_published" || { rm -rf "$_ms_stage"; return 1; }
+  for skill_dir in "$_msrc"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${skill_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$skill_dir")"
+    _ms_staged_skill="$_ms_stage/$_name"
+    mkdir -p "$_ms_staged_skill" || { rm -rf "$_ms_stage"; return 1; }
+    if ! cp -R "$skill_dir/." "$_ms_staged_skill/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$skill_dir/." "$_ms_staged_skill/"; then
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  # Mutual exclusion: back up + remove the mono leftover.
+  if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_base/$SKILL_NAME" "$_ms_backups"; then
+    restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+    rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  # Back up + remove stale, proven DWS-managed skills not in the new bundle.
+  # Never infer ownership from the dingtalk-* prefix alone.
+  for existing in "$_base"/*/; do
+    [ -d "$existing" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$existing")"
+    if is_managed_multi_skill_dir "$existing" && [ ! -f "$_msrc/$_name/SKILL.md" ]; then
+      if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$existing" "$_ms_backups"; then
+        restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+        rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+        return 1
+      fi
+    fi
+  done
+  if [ -d "$_base/dws-shared" ] && [ ! -f "$_msrc/dws-shared/SKILL.md" ]; then
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_base/dws-shared" "$_ms_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  # Back up all replaced skills as one logical operation. Any failure restores
+  # every earlier move before this target reports failure.
+  for skill_dir in "$_msrc"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${skill_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$skill_dir")"
+    _dest="$_base/$_name"
+    if ! backup_and_record_skill_dir "$_dest" "$_ms_backups"; then
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  done
+
+  _count=0
+  for skill_dir in "$_msrc"/*/; do
+    [ -f "${skill_dir}SKILL.md" ] || continue
+    _name="$(basename "$skill_dir")"
+    _dest="$_base/$_name"
+    printf '%s\n' "$_dest" >> "$_ms_published" || {
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || true
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    }
+    if ! mv "$_ms_stage/$_name" "$_dest"; then
+      say "  ⚠️  multi Skill 集合发布失败，正在恢复原集合: $_dest"
+      restore_multi_skill_set "$_ms_published" "$_ms_backups" || say "  ⚠️  原 Skill 集合自动恢复不完整，请检查上方备份路径"
+      rm -rf "$_ms_stage"
+      return 1
+    fi
+    _count=$((_count + 1))
+  done
+  rm -rf "$_ms_stage" || return 1
+
+  case "$_root" in
+    "$HOME") _label="~/$_agent_dir/" ;;
+    *)       _label="$_root/$_agent_dir/" ;;
+  esac
+  say "✅ Skills → ${_label} (${_count} product skills)"
 }
 
 # One-line summary copy (used for 2nd+ agent targets).
@@ -425,11 +951,17 @@ _copy_skill_summary() {
   _label="$3"
 
   if [ -d "$_dest" ]; then
-    rm -rf "$_dest"
+    backup_and_remove_skill_dir "$_dest" || {
+      say "  ⚠️  跳过 ${_dest}（保留原目录）"
+      return 1
+    }
   fi
 
-  mkdir -p "$_dest"
-  cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null || cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"
+  mkdir -p "$_dest" || return 1
+  if ! cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"; then
+    say "  ⚠️  Skill 复制失败，目标未计为安装成功: $_dest"
+    return 1
+  fi
   file_count="$(find "$_dest" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
 
   say "✅ Skills → ${_label} (${file_count} files)"
@@ -442,11 +974,17 @@ _copy_skill() {
   _label="$3"
 
   if [ -d "$_dest" ]; then
-    rm -rf "$_dest"
+    backup_and_remove_skill_dir "$_dest" || {
+      say "  ⚠️  跳过 ${_dest}（保留原目录）"
+      return 1
+    }
   fi
 
-  mkdir -p "$_dest"
-  cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null || cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"
+  mkdir -p "$_dest" || return 1
+  if ! cp -R "$_src/"* "$_dest/" 2>/dev/null && ! cp -r "$_src/"* "$_dest/"; then
+    say "  ⚠️  Skill 复制失败，目标未计为安装成功: $_dest"
+    return 1
+  fi
   file_count="$(find "$_dest" -type f | wc -l | tr -d ' ')"
 
   say "✅ Skills → ${_label} (${file_count} files)"
@@ -593,21 +1131,31 @@ install_skills() {
   elif [ -f "$extract_root/$SKILL_NAME/SKILL.md" ]; then
     skill_src="$extract_root/$SKILL_NAME"
   fi
-  if [ ! -f "$skill_src/SKILL.md" ]; then
-    say "⚠️  Skills not found in release asset. Trying local source..."
-    rm -rf "$tmpdir_skills"
-    local_root="$(resolve_source_root || true)"
-    if [ -n "$local_root" ]; then
-      install_skills_local "$local_root"
-      return
-    else
-      say "⚠️  No local source checkout found either. Skipping skills installation."
-      return
+  # Multi first: a release may ship only the multi/ tree without the root
+  # mono copy, so the mono SKILL.md gate must never block a multi install.
+  # An empty/corrupt multi/ tree (no */SKILL.md) falls back to mono with a
+  # warning — installing it would wipe existing skills and lay down nothing.
+  if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ] && multi_tree_has_skills "$extract_root/multi"; then
+    install_multi_skills_to_homes "$extract_root/multi"
+  else
+    if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ]; then
+      say "⚠️  Multi skill tree not found or empty in release asset; falling back to mono."
     fi
+    if [ ! -f "$skill_src/SKILL.md" ]; then
+      say "⚠️  Skills not found in release asset. Trying local source..."
+      rm -rf "$tmpdir_skills"
+      local_root="$(resolve_source_root || true)"
+      if [ -n "$local_root" ]; then
+        install_skills_local "$local_root"
+        return
+      else
+        say "⚠️  No local source checkout found either. Skipping skills installation."
+        return
+      fi
+    fi
+    install_skills_to_homes "$skill_src"
   fi
 
-  install_skills_to_homes "$skill_src"
-
   # Cache the multi tree (if present in the release asset) so a later
   # `dws skill setup --mode multi` can find a source without re-downloading.
   if [ -d "$extract_root/multi" ]; then
@@ -642,32 +1190,20 @@ main() {
   if [ -n "$source_root" ]; then
     install_binary_from_source "$source_root"
     if [ "$NO_SKILLS" != "1" ]; then
-      if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ]; then
-        print_multi_mode_notice
-      else
-        install_skills_local "$source_root"
-      fi
+      install_skills_local "$source_root"
     fi
   elif [ "$SKILLS_ONLY" = "1" ]; then
-    if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ]; then
-      print_multi_mode_notice
+    local_root="$(resolve_source_root || true)"
+    if [ -n "$local_root" ]; then
+      install_skills_local "$local_root"
     else
-      local_root="$(resolve_source_root || true)"
-      if [ -n "$local_root" ]; then
-        install_skills_local "$local_root"
-      else
-        install_skills
-      fi
+      install_skills
     fi
   elif [ "$NO_SKILLS" = "1" ]; then
     install_binary
   else
     install_binary
-    if [ "$SKILL_MODE" = "multi" ]; then
-      print_multi_mode_notice
-    else
-      install_skills
-    fi
+    install_skills
   fi
 
   printf '\n'

scripts/policy/check-changelog-pr.sh

@@ -119,6 +119,17 @@ content-only)
 		fi
 		exit 1
 	fi
+	if ! awk -F '	' '
+		$1 == "M" && $2 == "CHANGELOG.md" && NF == 2 { next }
+		$1 == "D" && $2 ~ /^\.changes\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ && NF == 2 { next }
+		$1 == "A" && $2 ~ /^\.changes\/released\/[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-beta\.[1-9][0-9]*)?\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ && NF == 2 { next }
+		$1 ~ /^R[0-9]+$/ && $2 ~ /^\.changes\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ && $3 ~ /^\.changes\/released\/[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-beta\.[1-9][0-9]*)?\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ && NF == 3 { next }
+		{ invalid = 1 }
+		END { exit invalid }
+	' "$TMP_ROOT/name-status"; then
+		printf '%s\n' 'error: CHANGELOG.md may accompany only release-fragment archival; ordinary PRs must add .changes/<unique-name>.md without editing CHANGELOG.md' >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
 	;;
 esac
 

scripts/policy/check-release-fragments.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+set -eu
+
+# Fragment names are matched with ASCII ranges, so keep collation deterministic.
+LC_ALL=C
+export LC_ALL
+
+ROOT="$(CDPATH= cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")/../.." && pwd)"
+
+usage() { printf '%s\n' 'usage: check-release-fragments.sh BASE HEAD' >&2; }
+
+[ "$#" -eq 2 ] || { usage; exit 2; }
+base="$(git -C "$ROOT" rev-parse --verify --quiet "$1^{commit}")" || { usage; exit 2; }
+head="$(git -C "$ROOT" rev-parse --verify --quiet "$2^{commit}")" || { usage; exit 2; }
+merge_base="$(git -C "$ROOT" merge-base "$base" "$head")"
+tmp_root="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-release-fragment-policy.XXXXXX")"
+cleanup() { rm -rf "$tmp_root"; }
+trap cleanup EXIT HUP INT TERM
+
+git -C "$ROOT" diff --no-ext-diff --find-renames --name-status "$merge_base" "$head" >"$tmp_root/status"
+
+archive_changed=false
+if awk -F '\t' '{ for (field = 2; field <= NF; field++) if ($field ~ /^\.changes\/released\//) found = 1 } END { exit !found }' "$tmp_root/status"; then
+  archive_changed=true
+fi
+
+if [ "$archive_changed" = true ]; then
+  release_version="$(git -C "$ROOT" diff --no-ext-diff --unified=0 "$merge_base" "$head" -- CHANGELOG.md | sed -n 's/^+## \[\([0-9][0-9.]*\(-beta\.[1-9][0-9]*\)\{0,1\}\)\] - .*/\1/p')"
+  [ "$(printf '%s\n' "$release_version" | sed '/^$/d' | wc -l | tr -d '[:space:]')" -eq 1 ] || {
+    printf '%s\n' 'error: release-fragment archival requires exactly one newly added versioned CHANGELOG section' >&2
+    exit 1
+  }
+  # The archive directory is matched as a literal prefix, never as a regex:
+  # interpolating the version into one would make `.` match any character, so
+  # `1.0.1-beta.1` would also admit `.changes/released/1x0x1-betaX1/` and break
+  # the documented audit trail. Only the fragment basename, whose character class
+  # is fixed, stays a pattern.
+  if ! awk -F '\t' -v prefix=".changes/released/$release_version/" '
+    $1 == "M" && $2 == "CHANGELOG.md" && NF == 2 { changelog = 1; next }
+    $1 == "R100" && NF == 3 && $2 ~ /^\.changes\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ && index($3, prefix) == 1 {
+      target = substr($3, length(prefix) + 1)
+      if (target !~ /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/) { invalid = 1; next }
+      source = $2; sub(/^.*\//, "", source)
+      if (source != target) invalid = 1
+      moved++; next
+    }
+    { invalid = 1 }
+    END { exit !(changelog && moved > 0 && !invalid) }
+  ' "$tmp_root/status"; then
+    printf '%s\n' 'error: release fragments must be unchanged R100 moves from .changes/<name>.md to .changes/released/<new-version>/<name>.md in the matching release-seal PR' >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  source_changes="$tmp_root/source-changes"
+  mkdir -p "$source_changes"
+  git -C "$ROOT" ls-tree -r --name-only "$merge_base" -- .changes |
+    while IFS= read -r path; do
+      case "$path" in
+        .changes/*.md)
+          name="${path#.changes/}"
+          mkdir -p "$(dirname "$source_changes/$name")"
+          git -C "$ROOT" show "$merge_base:$path" >"$source_changes/$name"
+          ;;
+      esac
+    done
+  "$ROOT/scripts/release/render-release-fragments.sh" "$source_changes" >"$tmp_root/expected-notes"
+  git -C "$ROOT" show "$head:CHANGELOG.md" |
+    awk -v heading="## [$release_version] - " '
+      index($0, heading) == 1 { found = 1; next }
+      found && /^## / { exit }
+      found { print }
+    ' >"$tmp_root/actual-notes"
+  normalize_notes() {
+    awk '
+      /^[[:space:]]*$/ && !started { next }
+      { started = 1; lines[++count] = $0 }
+      END {
+        while (count > 0 && lines[count] ~ /^[[:space:]]*$/) count--
+        for (line_no = 1; line_no <= count; line_no++) print lines[line_no]
+      }
+    ' "$1"
+  }
+  normalize_notes "$tmp_root/expected-notes" >"$tmp_root/expected-notes.normalized"
+  normalize_notes "$tmp_root/actual-notes" >"$tmp_root/actual-notes.normalized"
+  if ! cmp -s "$tmp_root/expected-notes.normalized" "$tmp_root/actual-notes.normalized"; then
+    printf '%s\n' 'error: release-seal CHANGELOG section does not exactly match the rendered active release fragments' >&2
+    diff -u "$tmp_root/expected-notes.normalized" "$tmp_root/actual-notes.normalized" >&2 || true
+    exit 1
+  fi
+else
+  if awk -F '\t' '{ for (field = 2; field <= NF; field++) if ($field ~ /^\.changes\/released\//) invalid = 1 } END { exit !invalid }' "$tmp_root/status"; then
+    printf '%s\n' 'error: archived release fragments are immutable outside their release-seal PR' >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+	if awk -F '\t' '
+		$1 == "D" && $2 ~ /^\.changes\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ { invalid = 1 }
+		$1 ~ /^R[0-9]+$/ && $2 ~ /^\.changes\/[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/ { invalid = 1 }
+		END { exit !invalid }
+	' "$tmp_root/status"; then
+		printf '%s\n' 'error: active release fragments may be deleted or renamed only by the matching release-seal archival move' >&2
+		exit 1
+	fi
+fi
+
+# `.changes/released/**` carries its own immutability and release-seal checks
+# above, so every other `.changes` change must revalidate the top-level tree.
+# This trigger must not be narrowed to single-level paths or to the legal
+# fragment name pattern: git records no diff entry for a directory itself, so
+# adding `.changes/foo/bar.md` only ever shows the nested path, and an illegally
+# named or non-regular entry only ever shows its own path. Either one would skip
+# validation here and then break the next unrelated PR that adds a legal
+# fragment.
+git -C "$ROOT" diff --no-ext-diff --name-only "$merge_base" "$head" -- .changes >"$tmp_root/changes-paths"
+
+changes_tree_changed=false
+if awk '
+  $0 ~ /^\.changes\/released\// { next }
+  { found = 1 }
+  END { exit !found }
+' "$tmp_root/changes-paths"; then
+  changes_tree_changed=true
+fi
+
+# Re-rendering is driven by fragment changes only. `.changes/README.md` is the
+# contributor contract rather than release content, and it may be edited while no
+# fragment is pending, which the renderer would reject as an empty fragment set.
+fragment_changed=false
+if awk '
+  $0 ~ /^\.changes\/released\// { next }
+  $0 == ".changes/README.md" { next }
+  { found = 1 }
+  END { exit !found }
+' "$tmp_root/changes-paths"; then
+  fragment_changed=true
+fi
+
+if [ "$changes_tree_changed" = true ]; then
+  # `.changes` itself must stay a directory: replacing it with a blob or a
+  # symlink leaves the child listing below empty, which would report no invalid
+  # entries while silently discarding every fragment.
+  changes_root_type="$(git -C "$ROOT" ls-tree "$head" -- .changes | awk 'NR == 1 { print $2 }')"
+  if [ "$changes_root_type" != tree ]; then
+    printf '%s\n' 'error: .changes must remain a directory holding README.md, released/, and release fragments' >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  git -C "$ROOT" ls-tree "$head" -- .changes/ >"$tmp_root/head-entries"
+  awk '
+    {
+      mode = $1
+      type = $2
+      path = $0
+      sub(/^[^\t]*\t/, "", path)
+      name = path
+      sub(/^.*\//, "", name)
+      if (path == ".changes/README.md") {
+        if (mode == "100644" && type == "blob") next
+        print path
+        next
+      }
+      if (path == ".changes/released") {
+        if (type == "tree") next
+        print path
+        next
+      }
+      if (mode != "100644" || type != "blob") { print path; next }
+      if (name !~ /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$/) { print path; next }
+    }
+  ' "$tmp_root/head-entries" >"$tmp_root/invalid-entries"
+  if [ -s "$tmp_root/invalid-entries" ]; then
+    printf '%s\n' 'error: .changes/ accepts only README.md, released/, and release fragments named <name>.md matching ^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$ stored as regular 100644 files' >&2
+    sed 's/^/  /' "$tmp_root/invalid-entries" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  # Only an ordinary fragment change is re-rendered here: a release-seal branch
+  # is already held to the stricter rendered-notes comparison above and its
+  # fragments have moved into the archive, and a README-only edit carries no
+  # release content to render.
+  if [ "$fragment_changed" = true ] && [ "$archive_changed" = false ]; then
+    head_changes="$tmp_root/head-changes"
+    mkdir -p "$head_changes"
+    awk '{ path = $0; sub(/^[^\t]*\t/, "", path); print path }' "$tmp_root/head-entries" |
+      while IFS= read -r path; do
+        case "$path" in
+          .changes/released) continue ;;
+        esac
+        git -C "$ROOT" show "$head:$path" >"$head_changes/${path#.changes/}"
+      done
+    "$ROOT/scripts/release/render-release-fragments.sh" "$head_changes" >/dev/null
+  fi
+fi

scripts/policy/check-skill-context-budget.sh

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ runtime_contract="skills/multi/dingtalk-shared/references/runtime-contract.md"
 chat_target_bytes=10000
 chat_max_overage_percent=5
 chat_max_bytes=$((chat_target_bytes * (100 + chat_max_overage_percent) / 100))
-doc_max_bytes=9000
+doc_max_bytes=10000
 event_max_bytes=10000
 runtime_contract_max_bytes=3000
 

scripts/release/prepare-changelog.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ VERSION="${2:-}"
 FROM_BETA=""
 FROM_REF=""
 CHANGELOG="$ROOT/CHANGELOG.md"
+CHANGES_DIR="$ROOT/.changes"
 
 usage() {
   cat >&2 <<'EOF'
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ Options:
   --from-beta <tag>    Required for stable release notes
   --from-ref <ref>     Commit-list baseline for prerelease notes
   --changelog <path>   Override CHANGELOG.md path
+  --changes-dir <path> Override release fragment directory
 EOF
 }
 
@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ while [ "$#" -gt 0 ]; do
     --from-beta) [ "$#" -ge 2 ] || { usage; exit 2; }; FROM_BETA="$2"; shift 2 ;;
     --from-ref) [ "$#" -ge 2 ] || { usage; exit 2; }; FROM_REF="$2"; shift 2 ;;
     --changelog) [ "$#" -ge 2 ] || { usage; exit 2; }; CHANGELOG="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --changes-dir) [ "$#" -ge 2 ] || { usage; exit 2; }; CHANGES_DIR="$2"; shift 2 ;;
     -h|--help) usage; exit 0 ;;
     *) printf 'unknown argument: %s\n' "$1" >&2; usage; exit 2 ;;
   esac
@@ -60,21 +63,19 @@ fi
 release_date="${DWS_RELEASE_DATE:-$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%F)}"
 section="$(mktemp "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-changelog-section.XXXXXX")"
 output="$(mktemp "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-changelog-output.XXXXXX")"
-cleanup() { rm -f "$section" "$output"; }
+fragments="$(mktemp "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-changelog-fragments.XXXXXX")"
+cleanup() { rm -f "$section" "$output" "$fragments"; }
 trap cleanup EXIT HUP INT TERM
 
 {
   printf '## [%s] - %s\n\n' "$semver" "$release_date"
   if [ "$CHANNEL" = "stable" ]; then
     printf 'This release promotes the sealed `%s` contents to stable.\n\n' "$FROM_BETA"
-  else
-    printf '<!-- Summarize what this beta validates. Remove every TODO before publishing. -->\n\n'
-  fi
-  printf '### Changed\n\n'
-  if [ "$CHANNEL" = "stable" ]; then
+    printf '### Changed\n\n'
     printf -- '- TODO: summarize the complete user-visible release promoted from `%s`.\n' "$FROM_BETA"
   else
-    printf -- '- TODO: summarize this beta candidate and its validation scope.\n'
+    "$SCRIPT_DIR/render-release-fragments.sh" "$CHANGES_DIR" >"$fragments"
+    cat "$fragments"
   fi
 } > "$section"
 
@@ -105,7 +106,17 @@ fi
 [ "$inserted" -eq 1 ] || { printf 'CHANGELOG is missing ## [Unreleased]\n' >&2; exit 1; }
 cp "$output" "$CHANGELOG"
 
-printf 'Prepared CHANGELOG template for %s. Replace TODO, review, commit, and merge it before release.\n' "$VERSION"
+if [ "$CHANNEL" = "prerelease" ]; then
+  archive_dir="$CHANGES_DIR/released/$semver"
+  mkdir -p "$archive_dir"
+  find "$CHANGES_DIR" -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type f -name '*.md' ! -name 'README.md' -exec mv {} "$archive_dir"/ \;
+fi
+
+if [ "$CHANNEL" = "stable" ]; then
+  printf 'Prepared CHANGELOG template for %s. Replace TODO, review, commit, and merge it before release.\n' "$VERSION"
+else
+  printf 'Prepared CHANGELOG and archived release fragments for %s. Review, commit, and merge the release-seal PR before release.\n' "$VERSION"
+fi
 if [ -n "$FROM_REF" ] && git rev-parse --verify --quiet "$FROM_REF^{commit}" >/dev/null; then
   printf '\nCommits since %s:\n' "$FROM_REF"
   git log --oneline "$FROM_REF..HEAD"

scripts/release/render-release-fragments.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+set -eu
+
+# Fragment names are matched with ASCII ranges, so keep collation deterministic.
+LC_ALL=C
+export LC_ALL
+
+CHANGES_DIR="${1:-.changes}"
+
+usage() {
+  printf '%s\n' 'usage: render-release-fragments.sh [changes-dir]' >&2
+}
+
+[ "$#" -le 1 ] || { usage; exit 2; }
+[ -d "$CHANGES_DIR" ] || { printf 'release fragments directory not found: %s\n' "$CHANGES_DIR" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+tmp_root="$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/dws-release-fragments.XXXXXX")"
+cleanup() { rm -rf "$tmp_root"; }
+trap cleanup EXIT HUP INT TERM
+
+# A fragment must be a regular file named ^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9._-]*\.md$. Anything
+# else is rejected rather than skipped, so a symlink or an illegally named
+# fragment can never be silently dropped from the rendered notes.
+validate_fragment_name() {
+  name="$1"
+  path="$2"
+  case "$name" in
+    *.md) ;;
+    *) printf 'invalid release fragment filename: %s\n' "$path" >&2; return 1 ;;
+  esac
+  case "$name" in
+    [a-z0-9]*) ;;
+    *) printf 'invalid release fragment filename: %s\n' "$path" >&2; return 1 ;;
+  esac
+  case "$name" in
+    *[!a-z0-9._-]*) printf 'invalid release fragment filename: %s\n' "$path" >&2; return 1 ;;
+  esac
+}
+
+find "$CHANGES_DIR" -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -print | sort >"$tmp_root/entries"
+
+: >"$tmp_root/files"
+while IFS= read -r entry; do
+  base="${entry##*/}"
+  if [ "$base" = 'README.md' ]; then
+    continue
+  fi
+  if [ -L "$entry" ]; then
+    printf 'release fragment must be a regular file, not a symbolic link: %s\n' "$entry" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  if [ -d "$entry" ]; then
+    if [ "$base" = 'released' ]; then
+      continue
+    fi
+    printf 'unexpected directory in release fragments directory: %s\n' "$entry" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  if [ ! -f "$entry" ]; then
+    printf 'release fragment must be a regular file: %s\n' "$entry" >&2
+    exit 1
+  fi
+  validate_fragment_name "$base" "$entry"
+  printf '%s\n' "$entry" >>"$tmp_root/files"
+done <"$tmp_root/entries"
+
+[ -s "$tmp_root/files" ] || {
+  printf '%s\n' 'no release fragments found; add .changes/<unique-name>.md before preparing a prerelease changelog' >&2
+  exit 1
+}
+
+validate_fragment() {
+  fragment="$1"
+  validate_fragment_name "${fragment##*/}" "$fragment"
+
+  [ "$(sed -n '1p' "$fragment")" = '---' ] &&
+    [ "$(sed -n '3p' "$fragment")" = '---' ] || {
+      printf 'invalid release fragment header: %s\n' "$fragment" >&2
+      return 1
+    }
+  case "$(sed -n '2p' "$fragment")" in
+    'category: Added'|'category: Changed'|'category: Deprecated'|'category: Removed'|'category: Fixed'|'category: Security') ;;
+    *) printf 'invalid release fragment category: %s\n' "$fragment" >&2; return 1 ;;
+  esac
+
+  body="$(sed -n '4,$p' "$fragment")"
+  printf '%s\n' "$body" | grep -Eq '^- [^[:space:]].*' || {
+    printf 'release fragment must contain a non-empty Markdown list item: %s\n' "$fragment" >&2
+    return 1
+  }
+  if printf '%s\n' "$body" | grep -Eqi '(^|[^[:alnum:]_])(TODO|TBD)([^[:alnum:]_]|$)'; then
+    printf 'release fragment must not contain TODO/TBD: %s\n' "$fragment" >&2
+    return 1
+  fi
+}
+
+while IFS= read -r fragment; do
+  validate_fragment "$fragment"
+done <"$tmp_root/files"
+
+for category in Added Changed Deprecated Removed Fixed Security; do
+  category_files="$tmp_root/$category"
+  : >"$category_files"
+  while IFS= read -r fragment; do
+    if [ "$(sed -n '2p' "$fragment")" = "category: $category" ]; then
+      printf '%s\n' "$fragment" >>"$category_files"
+    fi
+  done <"$tmp_root/files"
+  [ -s "$category_files" ] || continue
+
+  printf '### %s\n\n' "$category"
+  while IFS= read -r fragment; do
+    awk 'NR >= 4 { if ($0 ~ /[^[:space:]]/) started = 1; if (started) print }' "$fragment"
+    printf '\n'
+  done <"$category_files"
+done

scripts/release/verify-package-managers.sh

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ HOME_AGENT_PARENTS="
 .qoderwork
 .gemini
 .codex
+.zcode
 .github
 .windsurf
 .augment
@@ -71,23 +72,24 @@ HOME_AGENT_PARENTS="
 .openclaw
 .hermes
 "
-HOME_SKILL_TARGETS="
-.agents/skills/dws
-.claude/skills/dws
-.cursor/skills/dws
-.qoder/skills/dws
-.qoderwork/skills/dws
-.gemini/skills/dws
-.codex/skills/dws
-.github/skills/dws
-.windsurf/skills/dws
-.augment/skills/dws
-.cline/skills/dws
-.amp/skills/dws
-.kiro/skills/dws
-.trae/skills/dws
-.openclaw/skills/dws
-.hermes/skills/dws
+HOME_SKILL_BASES="
+.agents/skills
+.claude/skills
+.cursor/skills
+.qoder/skills
+.qoderwork/skills
+.gemini/skills
+.codex/skills
+.zcode/skills
+.github/skills
+.windsurf/skills
+.augment/skills
+.cline/skills
+.amp/skills
+.kiro/skills
+.trae/skills
+.openclaw/skills
+.hermes/skills
 "
 cleanup() {
   if [ "$RUN_BREW" -eq 1 ] && command -v brew >/dev/null 2>&1 && [ -n "${BREW_TAP_NAME:-}" ]; then
@@ -109,8 +111,10 @@ seed_agent_homes() {
 
 verify_skill_targets() {
   home_root="$1"
-  for target in $HOME_SKILL_TARGETS; do
-    need_file "$home_root/$target/SKILL.md"
+  for base in $HOME_SKILL_BASES; do
+    need_file "$home_root/$base/dingtalk-shared/SKILL.md"
+    need_file "$home_root/$base/dingtalk-misc/SKILL.md"
+    [ ! -e "$home_root/$base/dws" ] || err "unexpected mono Skill layout found in $home_root/$base/dws"
   done
 }
 

skills/mono/SKILL.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ cli_version: ">=1.0.15"
 | `devapp` | 19 | `dingtalk-misc` |
 | `ding` | 4 | `dingtalk-misc` |
 | `doc` | 45 | `dingtalk-doc` |
-| `drive` | 7 | `dingtalk-drive` |
+| `drive` | 28 | `dingtalk-drive` |
 | `mail` | 10 | `dingtalk-mail` |
 | `minutes` | 27 | `dingtalk-minutes` |
 | `oa` | 7 | `dingtalk-misc` |

skills/mono/references/products/chat.md

@@ -565,6 +565,7 @@ Flags:
 **重要：该接口会真实发送消息到目标会话，不可用于测试或试探性调用。调用前必须确认消息内容和接收对象无误。**
 
 --group 指定群聊 openConversationId 发群消息；--user 指定用户 userId 发单聊；--open-dingtalk-id 指定用户 openDingTalkId 发单聊。三者只能选其一，不能同时指定。纯文本/Markdown 单聊传 --user 时直接走 userId 发送能力，不需要先手动查询 openDingTalkId。推荐使用 --text flag 传递消息内容（也支持位置参数）。可选 --title 作为消息标题。
+图文混排 Markdown 中，公网图片 URL 需要写成 `![图片标题](https://example.com/image.png)` 才会以内联图片展示；省略开头的 `!` 时会按链接/URL 展示，不会渲染为图片。
 若用户只提供了数字群号而非 openConversationId，需先调用 `chat group get-by-group-id` 将群号转为 openConversationId，再传入 --group。
 --群聊时可选 --at-all @所有人，或 --at-open-dingtalk-ids 指定成员（仅群聊时生效）。
 --本地图片、文件、音频或视频统一用 --msg-type file --file-path；图片会作为可下载的文件附件发送。--msg-type image --media-id 仅用于上游已经提供有效 mediaId 的场景。
@@ -585,6 +586,8 @@ Example:
   dws chat message send --open-dingtalk-id <openDingTalkId> --text "请查收"
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> "hello"
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --title "周报提醒" --text "请大家本周五前提交周报"
+  # 图文混排 Markdown：公网图片 URL 需要写成 ![图片标题](URL) 才会以内联图片展示
+  dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --text $'这是图文说明\n\n![这个是展示图片标题](https://down.dingtalk.com/media/lQLPM5jiBEiBNjswMLAKd_CTzm8eowpEWPT_7-cA_48_48.png)'
   # 幂等发送（24h 内相同 uuid 不重复投递）
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --text "hello" --uuid "unique-id-123"
   dws chat message send --group <openconversation_id> --at-all "<@all> 请大家注意"
@@ -624,6 +627,7 @@ Flags:
   - **换行符**：消息内容按 Markdown 渲染，换行有两层要求，缺一不可：
     1. 必须使用**真实换行符**（Unicode `U+000A`），而非字面量字符串 `\n`（反斜杠 + 字母 n）。程序或大模型构造参数时，须确保已正确反转义；否则全部内容会渲染在同一行
     2. Markdown 规范下**单个换行不产生换行效果**。需要换行时请使用：段落分隔（连续两个真实换行符 `\n\n`）、行尾两个空格 + 真实换行符（硬换行 `<br>`），或直接写 HTML 的 `<br>` 标签
+  - **图文混排**：公网图片 URL 需要写成 `![图片标题](https://example.com/image.png)` 才会以内联图片展示；如果省略开头的 `!`，例如 `[图片标题](https://example.com/image.png)`，将按链接/URL 展示，不会渲染为图片
   - 本地图片、文档、压缩包、音频和视频统一使用 `--msg-type file --file-path <本地路径>`；图片会成为可下载的 file 附件，不会内联渲染，也不会生成 mediaId
   - `--msg-type image --media-id` 仅接受上游已经提供的有效 mediaId；DWS CLI 不提供本地文件到 mediaId 的上传或转换能力
   - audio/video 仍是兼容的 file 语义别名，但本地文件的推荐路径保持为 `--msg-type file --file-path`
@@ -2386,7 +2390,7 @@ dws chat message send --group <openConversationId> --msg-type image --media-id "
 
 #### 创建并推送流式卡片 — 向群聊或单聊发送流式卡片消息
 
-群聊传 --group，单聊传 --receiver，二者互斥。
+群聊传 --group，单聊传 --receiver，二者互斥。群聊创建时可通过 --at-open-dingtalk-ids @指定成员，或通过 --at-all @所有人。
 
 **注意：send-card 必须和 update-card 搭配使用。** 创建卡片时无需传入内容，后续通过 update-card 更新内容，最后一次更新必须将 --flow-status 设为 3（finish），否则卡片会一直处于"生成中"的加载状态。
 flow-status 取值：1=处理中(PROCESSING)，2=输入中(INPUTTING)，3=完成(FINISH)，4=执行中(EXECUTING)，5=错误(ERROR)。
@@ -2395,12 +2399,16 @@ Usage:
   dws chat message send-card [flags]
 Example:
   dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId>
+  dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId> --at-open-dingtalk-ids <openDingTalkId>
+  dws chat message send-card --group <openConversationId> --at-all
   dws chat message send-card --receiver <openDingTalkId>
   # 查询群 ID: dws chat search --query "群名"
   # 查询人员: dws aisearch person --keyword "姓名" --dimension name
 Flags:
-      --group string      群聊 openConversationId（群聊时必填，与 --receiver 互斥）
-      --receiver string   单聊接收者 openDingTalkId（单聊时必填，与 --group 互斥）
+      --at-all                           群聊创建卡片时 @ 所有人（仅与 --group 一起使用）
+      --at-open-dingtalk-ids string      群聊创建卡片时 @ 的 openDingTalkId 列表，逗号分隔（仅与 --group 一起使用）
+      --group string                     群聊 openConversationId（群聊时必填，与 --receiver 互斥）
+      --receiver string                  单聊接收者 openDingTalkId（单聊时必填，与 --group 互斥）
 ```
 
 #### 流式更新卡片内容 — 更新已发送的流式卡片内容
@@ -2409,6 +2417,7 @@ Flags:
 flow-status 取值：1=处理中(PROCESSING)，2=输入中(INPUTTING)，3=完成(FINISH)，4=执行中(EXECUTING)，5=错误(ERROR)。
 
 **最后一次更新必须将 --flow-status 设为 3（finish），否则卡片会一直处于"生成中"的加载状态。**
+更新结果不确定时不要再次执行更新；保留返回结果并告知用户。
 ```
 Usage:
   dws chat message update-card [flags]

skills/multi/dingtalk-chat/references/card/create.md

@@ -13,8 +13,9 @@ Runtime 会唯一解析为 openDingTalkId；已有 openDingTalkId 时传
   或艾特占位符。
 - `--dry-run` 仍执行只读 userId 解析，只输出两步计划，不执行写入。
 
-创建成功但自动更新失败时，错误会保留真实 `bizId`。不要重复创建；使用该 `bizId` 继续
-`+messages-update-card` 或人工处理。
+自动更新结果不确定时，不要再次更新或重复创建；保留返回结果并告知用户。若结果中已经
+包含 `openTaskId`，可以按用户需要查询一次投递状态；该查询只确认消息投递，不代表卡片
+正文已经更新成功。
 
 当前内容仅为 streaming text，不接受 Lark Card JSON、组件树或按钮 callback。
 

skills/multi/dingtalk-chat/references/chat/chat-message.md

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 - 发送位置消息前必须确认纬度、经度、地址名称；地图缩略图需先通过旧媒体上传链路拿到 mediaId。
 - 分享联系人名片前必须确认联系人 `openDingTalkId`，不要把 userId 直接当 `--contact-id`。
 - 消息内容按 Markdown 渲染，换行必须是真实换行符；需要换行效果时用空行、行尾两个空格或 `<br>`。
+- 图文混排 Markdown 中，公网图片 URL 需要写成 `![图片标题](https://example.com/image.png)` 才会以内联图片展示；省略开头的 `!` 时会按链接/URL 展示，不会渲染为图片。
 - 建议发送时带 `--uuid`，失败重试复用同一个值。
 - Bot/Webhook 只支持文本/Markdown；Bot 多群使用 `+messages-send --groups/--groups-file` 的逐项
   ledger。不要把 user 文件/图片能力外推到 Bot。
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ dws chat message send --group <openConversationId> --text "hello"
 dws chat message send --user <userId> --text "请查收"
 dws chat message send --open-dingtalk-id <openDingTalkId> --text "请查收"
 dws chat message send --group <openConversationId> --title "周报提醒" --text "请大家本周五前提交周报" --uuid <uuid>
+dws chat message send --group <openConversationId> --text $'这是图文说明\n\n![这个是展示图片标题](https://down.dingtalk.com/media/lQLPM5jiBEiBNjswMLAKd_CTzm8eowpEWPT_7-cA_48_48.png)'
 
 # @ 群成员
 dws chat message send --group <openConversationId> --at-all "<@all> 请大家注意"

skills/multi/dingtalk-doc/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: dingtalk-doc
-description: 钉钉在线文字文档（adoc）的查找、读取、创建、编辑、块、评论、附件、导入导出、模板、版本和权限协作。普通文件走 dingtalk-drive，知识库空间走 dingtalk-wiki。命令前缀：dws doc。
+description: 钉钉在线文字文档（adoc，「文档空间」里的在线文档）的查找、读取、创建、编辑、块、评论、附件、导入、导出(docx/markdown/pdf)、模板、版本、权限协作及 Markdown/JSONML 写入。文档空间与钉盘的文件管理走 dingtalk-drive（doc 同名原子命令已弃用），知识库空间与空间内节点走 dingtalk-wiki，原生 .md 文件读写走 dingtalk-misc。命令前缀：dws doc。
 metadata:
   cli_version: ">=0.2.14"
   category: product

skills/multi/dingtalk-drive/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: dingtalk-drive
-description: 钉钉文件管理（存储层）。Use when 用户说 钉盘/上传文件/下载文件/文件夹/查文件/找文件/全局搜索文件/复制/移动/重命名/删除/回收站/还原删除文件/权限管理/普通文件下载。任何文件类型都适用；文档内容编辑走 dingtalk-doc，知识库空间和空间内节点管理走 dingtalk-wiki。命令前缀：dws drive。
+description: 钉钉文件管理（存储层，覆盖钉盘与文档空间两个存储域）。Use when 用户说 钉盘/上传文件/下载文件/文件夹/查文件/找文件/全局搜索文件/复制/移动/重命名/删除/回收站/还原删除文件/权限管理/普通文件下载；也承接钉钉文档的这些管理动作（doc 侧同名原子命令已弃用）。文档正文编辑与导出 docx/markdown/pdf 走 dingtalk-doc，知识库空间与空间内节点组织走 dingtalk-wiki。命令前缀：dws drive。
 metadata:
   cli_version: ">=0.2.14"
   category: product
@@ -18,34 +18,30 @@ metadata:
 > 命令参考：[drive.md](references/drive.md)。
 
 <!-- VISIBLE_SHORTCUTS_START -->
-## Shortcuts（无专用脚本/recipe 时优先）
+## Shortcut 发现（按需）
 
-以下 shortcut 同时进入公开 catalog 与 Runtime Schema。先按本 skill 的意图表、脚本和 recipe 路由：存在精确覆盖该场景的专用脚本/recipe 时按其执行；否则用户意图命中时，shortcut 优先于手写原子命令。命令已选中时直接执行；只在参数或安全语义不确定时读取 Agent leaf Schema（例如 `dws schema --cli-path "drive +<shortcut>" --compact --format json`），在当前 Cobra flags 不确定时读取 `dws drive <shortcut> --help`。只有参数映射、接口绑定或 provenance 审计才省略 `--compact`。仅当现有路由和 reference 都无法定位低频能力时，才用 `dws shortcut list --service drive --format json` 批量发现。
+`drive` 当前有 28 条公开 shortcut，完整清单保留在 Runtime Catalog 与 Schema，不在高频产品根 Skill 中重复展开。已知意图按下方路由。
 
-| Shortcut | 风险 | 适用场景 |
-|---|---|---|
-| `dws drive +copy` | write | 复制文件/文档到指定位置 |
-| `dws drive +find-file` | read | 按名称关键词搜索钉盘文件并投影关键字段（只读） |
-| `dws drive +info` | read | 获取钉盘文件/文件夹元数据 |
-| `dws drive +move` | write | 移动文件/文档到指定位置 |
-| `dws drive +recent` | read | 获取最近访问/编辑的文档列表 |
-| `dws drive +search` | read | 搜索钉盘文件 |
-| `dws drive +search-docs` | read | 搜索文档空间文档 |
+仅当现有路由和 reference 都无法定位低频能力时，才执行 `dws shortcut list --service drive --format json` 做最后回退；不要为已知高频意图加载完整 Shortcut Catalog 或产品级 Schema。
 <!-- VISIBLE_SHORTCUTS_END -->
 
 ## 意图表
 
 | 用户说 | 命令 |
 |--------|------|
-| "看钉盘文件 / 文件夹列表" | `dws drive list [--folder <dentryUuid>]` |
+| "看钉盘文件 / 文件夹列表" | `dws drive +list [--folder <dentryUuid>]` |
 | "钉盘目录树" | `python scripts/drive_tree_list.py --depth 2` |
-| "查文件元数据" | `dws drive info --node <dentryUuid>` |
-| "搜文件 / 找文件" | `dws drive search --query "<关键词>"` |
-| "下载文件" | `dws drive download --node <dentryUuid> --output <path>` |
-| "上传文件" | `dws drive upload --file <path> [--folder <id>]` |
-| "建钉盘文件夹" | `dws drive mkdir --name "<名称>" [--folder <id>]` |
-| "复制/移动/重命名/删除/权限管理" | `dws drive copy/move/rename/delete/permission ...` |
-| "回收站 / 还原删除的文件" | `dws drive recycle list` / `dws drive recycle restore --id <recycleItemId>` |
+| "查文件元数据/统计/公开状态/封面" | `dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> [--include-stats/--include-publish/--include-cover]` |
+| "搜文件 / 找文件" | `dws drive +search --query "<关键词>"` |
+| "下载文件" | `dws drive +download --node <dentryUuid> --output <工作目录内相对路径>` |
+| "上传文件" | `dws drive +upload --file <工作目录内相对路径> [--folder <id>]` |
+| "建钉盘文件夹 / 建快捷方式" | `dws drive +create-folder ...` / `dws drive +create-shortcut ...` |
+| "复制/移动/重命名/删除" | `dws drive +copy/+move/+rename/+delete ...` |
+| "回收站 / 还原删除的文件" | `dws drive +recycle-list` / `dws drive +recycle-restore --id <recycleItemId>` |
+| "收藏 / 取消收藏 / 收藏列表" | `dws drive +star-add/+star-remove/+star-list ...` |
+| "查/关互联网公开" | `dws drive +publish-get/+publish-unset ...`；开启公开当前无已验证 eligible 节点，不推荐 Agent 调用 |
+| "普通文件历史版本" | `dws drive +version-history/+version-get/+version-download/+version-revert ...` |
+| "在线文档评论/导入导出/权限" | 切到 `dws doc +comment-* / +import / +export / +access-*` |
 
 ## 标准 SOP（必遵流程）
 
@@ -55,29 +51,29 @@ metadata:
 
 **触发**：找文件/搜文件/我的文件/最近文件/某文档在哪。
 
-1. **选源（必须）**：最近访问 → `dws drive recent --limit <n> --format json`（翻页用上次返回的 `nextCursor` 传 `--cursor`）；按内容/名称全局搜 → `dws drive search --query "<关键词>" --format json`；浏览某目录 → `dws drive list --folder <dentryUuid> --format json`。
+1. **选源（必须）**：最近访问 → `dws drive +recent --limit <n> --format json`（翻页用上次返回的 `nextCursor` 传 `--cursor`）；按内容/名称全局搜 → `dws drive +search --query "<关键词>" --format json`；浏览某目录 → `dws drive +list --folder <dentryUuid> --format json`。
 2. **解析（必须）**：取真实 `dentryUuid`（= `id`/`nodeId`）；多候选让用户确认，**禁止**默认取第一个。
-3. **下钻（必须）**：根目录没命中时，进入最相关文件夹继续 `drive list --folder`，必要时 `python scripts/drive_tree_list.py --depth 2` 递归，**禁止**只看根目录就放弃。
-4. **回读元数据（必须）**：命中后 `dws drive info --node <dentryUuid> --format json`，按 `extension` 确认类型。
+3. **下钻（必须）**：根目录没命中时，进入最相关文件夹继续 `drive +list --folder`，必要时 `python scripts/drive_tree_list.py --depth 2` 递归，**禁止**只看根目录就放弃。
+4. **回读元数据（必须）**：命中后 `dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> --format json`，按 `extension` 确认类型。
 
-**禁止**：编造 dentryUuid、只看根目录放弃、用 `drive list` 替代 `drive search` 做全局查找。
+**禁止**：编造 dentryUuid、只看根目录放弃、用 `drive +list` 替代 `drive +search` 做全局查找。
 
 ### SOP-2 上传 / 下载（upload-download）
 
 **触发**：上传文件/下载文件/传到钉盘/用本地文件覆盖已有文件。
 
-1. **上传（必须）**：`dws drive upload --file <本地路径> [--folder <dentryUuid>] --format json`；返回取 `dentryUuid`，用 `drive info --node` 回读确认。
-2. **覆盖（必须）**：先 `dws drive info --node <dentryUuid> --format json`，记录真实 `extension` 和原 `name`。`extension=md` 切 `dingtalk-misc` 的 `references/markdown.md`，先 `markdown overwrite --dry-run` 再确认执行；其他普通文件在用户确认后执行 `dws drive upload --node <dentryUuid> --file <本地路径> --file-name "<原name>" --format json`，随后再次 `drive info` 回读。`adoc` / `axls` / `able` 切对应内容 skill/reference，不按普通文件覆盖。
-3. **下载（必须）**：先 `dws drive info --node <dentryUuid> --format json` 判断类型——`extension=adoc` 切 `dingtalk-doc` 用 `doc export`；普通文件执行 `dws drive download --node <dentryUuid> --output <本地路径> --format json`。
+1. **上传（必须）**：先把文件暂存到工作目录，再执行 `dws drive +upload --file <相对路径> [--folder <dentryUuid>] --format json`；shortcut 内部已提交并回读远端元数据，返回取 `data.nodeId`。
+2. **覆盖（必须）**：先 `dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> --format json`，记录真实 `extension` 和原 `name`。`extension=md` 切 `dingtalk-misc` 的 `references/markdown.md`；其他普通文件在用户确认后执行 `dws drive +upload --node <dentryUuid> --file <相对路径> --file-name "<原name>" --format json`。`adoc` / `axls` / `able` 切对应内容 skill/reference，不按普通文件覆盖。
+3. **下载（必须）**：先 `dws drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> --format json` 判断类型——`extension=adoc` 切 `dingtalk-doc` 用 `doc +export`；普通文件执行 `dws drive +download --node <dentryUuid> --output <工作目录内相对路径> --format json`，并校验 `data.sizeBytes > 0` 和本地文件真实存在。
 
-**禁止**：对在线文档用 `drive download`（会失败）、普通文件覆盖时省略 `--file-name` 导致隐式重命名、上传或覆盖后不回读。
+**禁止**：对在线文档用 `drive +download`（会失败）、普通文件覆盖时省略 `--file-name` 导致隐式重命名、只看退出码而不检查统一结果。
 
 ### SOP-3 文件夹 / 复制 / 移动 / 重命名（folder-ops）
 
 **触发**：建文件夹/复制/移动/重命名。
 
-1. **执行（必须）**：建钉盘文件夹 `dws drive mkdir --name "<名称>" [--folder <id>]`；复制 `drive copy --node <dentryUuid> --folder <目标>`；移动 `drive move --node <dentryUuid> --folder <目标>`；重命名 `drive rename --node <dentryUuid> --name "<新名>"`。全部加 `--format json`。
-2. **验证（必须）**：操作后 `drive info --node <新dentryUuid>` 或 `drive list --folder <目标>` 回读。
+1. **执行（必须）**：建钉盘文件夹 `dws drive +create-folder --name "<名称>" [--folder <id>]`；复制 `drive +copy --node <dentryUuid> --folder <目标>`；移动 `drive +move --node <dentryUuid> --folder <目标>`；重命名 `drive +rename --node <dentryUuid> --name "<新名>"`。全部加 `--format json`。
+2. **验证（必须）**：这些 shortcut 内部已经读回；调用方仍须检查 `ok=true`、`outcome=success` 和 `data` 中的 nodeId/对象，不能只看进程退出码。
 
 **禁止**：未确认就移动/覆盖他人文件、跳过回读。
 
@@ -85,8 +81,8 @@ metadata:
 
 **触发**：删文件/回收站/还原。
 
-1. **删除（必须）**：`dws drive delete --node <dentryUuid> --format json`（**必须**先与用户确认）。
-2. **还原（必须）**：`dws drive recycle list --format json` 取 `recycleItemId` → `dws drive recycle restore --id <recycleItemId> --format json`。
+1. **删除（必须）**：`dws drive +delete --node <dentryUuid> --format json`（**必须**先与用户确认，再由执行层添加 `--yes`）。
+2. **还原（必须）**：`dws drive +recycle-list --format json` 按 `originalName/originalPath` 确认目标并取 `recycleItemId` → 用户确认后执行 `dws drive +recycle-restore --id <recycleItemId> --format json`；成功时 Shortcut 会用服务返回的 nodeId 读回。
 
 **禁止**：未确认就删除、把 `dentryUuid` 当 `recycleItemId` 传给 restore。
 
@@ -94,16 +90,16 @@ metadata:
 
 **触发**：互联网公开/取消公开/查公开状态。
 
-1. **执行（必须）**：查状态 `dws drive publish get --node <dentryUuid> --format json`；开启公开 `dws drive publish set --node <dentryUuid> --yes`（**[危险]** 必须用户确认）；关闭公开 `dws drive publish unset --node <dentryUuid> --yes`。
+1. **执行（必须）**：查状态 `dws drive +publish-get --node <dentryUuid> --format json`；用户确认后关闭公开 `dws drive +publish-unset --node <dentryUuid> --format json`。`+publish-set` 在普通文件和在线文档真实夹具上均返回 `operation.notSupported`，当前不进入 Agent 公开入口；只有未来先找到服务端明确支持的 eligible 节点并通过真实 set→get→unset 闭环后才能启用。
 2. **边界（必须）**：对外公开前**必须**与用户确认边界与后果。
 
-**禁止**：未确认就 `publish set`、跳过 `--yes`。
+**禁止**：未确认就改变公开状态；把 `operation.notSupported` 当成功；在没有 eligible 节点真实闭环的情况下启用 `+publish-set`。
 
 ## 高频硬约束
 
-- 查找文件不要只看根目录后放弃；根目录没命中时，进入最相关的目标文件夹继续 `drive list --folder <dentryUuid>`，必要时用目录树脚本递归到合理深度。
-- `drive list` 默认 `--limit 20`，自动化场景里保守使用 `--limit 50` 以内并处理 `nextToken` 翻页；不要因为参数边界报错反复重试。
-- 全局找文件优先 `drive search --query`；指定目录浏览用 `drive list`，命中后必须 `drive info --node <dentryUuid> --format json` 回读元数据。
+- 查找文件不要只看根目录后放弃；根目录没命中时，进入最相关的目标文件夹继续 `drive +list --folder <dentryUuid>`，必要时用目录树脚本递归到合理深度。
+- `drive +list` 默认 `--limit 20`，自动化场景里保守使用 `--limit 50` 以内并处理 `nextCursor` 翻页；不要因为参数边界报错反复重试。
+- 全局找文件优先 `drive +search --query`；指定目录浏览用 `drive +list`，命中后必须 `drive +inspect --node <dentryUuid> --format json` 回读元数据。
 - 删除、覆盖、移动等破坏性操作必须确认；上传、创建文件夹、下载后要读回或列目录验证。
 - 所有 `dws drive` 命令加 `--format json`。
 

skills/multi/dingtalk-drive/references/intent-guide.md

@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@
 | 用户说... | 真实意图 | 应该用 | 不要用 | 理由 |
 |---|---|---|---|---|
 | "参照这个生成同样的 / 按模板生成 / 复刻 X / 同样的模板 X 月份的" + 已有 alidocs URL | 模板保形生成同形态变体 | `drive copy + drive rename + doc block update` → 见 [best_practices/04-document.md `template-based-generation`](../../dingtalk-doc/references/04-document.md#template-based-generation) | `doc read + doc create`（重写链） | adoc → markdown 是有损投影，read+create 会丢行高/单元格背景色/字号；copy 在 adoc 层保形复制后只在副本上局部修改 |
-| "读一下这个 xlsx 的数据" / xlsx 节点链接 | 下载本地表格文件 | `dws drive download --node` | `sheet range read` | xlsx / xls / xlsm / csv 是上传的本地文件（`contentType=DOCUMENT`），sheet 命令只支持在线表格，必须下载后本地解析 |
+| "读一下这个 xlsx 的数据" / xlsx 节点链接 | 下载本地表格文件 | `dws drive +download --node --output <相对路径>` | `sheet range read` | xlsx / xls / xlsm / csv 是上传的本地文件（`contentType=DOCUMENT`），sheet 命令只支持在线表格；Shortcut 会验证真实本地字节 |
 | "把这个在线表格导出为 xlsx 文件" | 在线表格格式转换 | `dws sheet export` | `dws drive download` | `export` 是 axls → xlsx 的导出转换；`download` 只能下载已有的 xlsx 节点 |
-| "帮我把这个文件传到网盘" | 钉盘上传 | `drive upload` | — | 文件上传是存储层操作，归 drive |
-| "上传文件到钉盘/我的文件" | 钉盘上传 | `drive upload` | — | 提到"钉盘/网盘/我的文件"→ drive |
-| "上传文件"（未指定目标） | 默认钉盘 | `drive upload` | — | 未明确目标时默认上传到钉盘 |
+| "帮我把这个文件传到网盘" | 钉盘上传 | `drive +upload` | — | 文件上传是存储层操作，归 drive；Shortcut 负责提交和读回 |
+| "上传文件到钉盘/我的文件" | 钉盘上传 | `drive +upload` | — | 提到"钉盘/网盘/我的文件"→ drive |
+| "上传文件"（未指定目标） | 默认钉盘 | `drive +upload` | — | 未明确目标时默认上传到钉盘 |
 | "帮我看看知识库里的文件" | 知识库节点列表 | `wiki node list --workspace` | `drive list` | 明确"知识库"上下文 → wiki node list |
 | "列出钉盘团队空间" | 列出钉盘空间 | `wiki space list --type orgSpace` | `drive list-spaces` | 空间管理归 wiki，drive list-spaces 已 deprecated |
 | "在知识库里搜方案" | 空间内搜索 | `wiki node search --workspace` | `drive search` | 指定了空间上下文 → wiki node search |
-| "搜一下有没有叫XX的文件" | 全局搜索 | `drive search` | `wiki node search` | 未指定空间 → drive search 全局聚合搜索 |
+| "搜一下有没有叫XX的文件" | 全局搜索 | `drive +search` | `wiki node search` | 未指定空间 → Drive Shortcut 严格搜索 |
 | "整理一下XX项目的所有讨论" | 跨源主题归档 | #5 generate-topic-report | #4 write-doc | #4 侧重单篇文档创作；按主题跨听记/群消息汇总属于工作汇报 |

skills/multi/dingtalk-drive/references/lite-recipes.md

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@
 
 ### query-doc
 
-1. 全局搜索：`drive search --query "<关键词>"` → `nodeId`（聚合钉盘+文档空间）
+1. 钉盘全局搜索：`drive +search --query "<关键词>"` → `nodeId`；在线文档统一使用 `doc +search`
 2. 空间内搜索：`wiki node search --workspace <WS_ID> --query "<关键词>"` → `nodeId`
 3. `doc read --node <nodeId>`（按需；大文档只抽章节）
 
 ### list-folder-docs
 
-`drive list --workspace <WS_ID>` 或 `wiki node list --workspace <WS_ID>`
+`wiki node list --workspace <WS_ID>`；普通钉盘目录使用 `drive +list --folder <ID>`
 
 ### import-file
 
@@ -42,4 +42,3 @@ dws doc import --file ./report.docx --format json
 
 > **禁止先 Read 文件再 `doc create` + `doc update`**。`doc import` 是服务端格式转换，客户端无需解析文件内容。
 > 详见 [./doc/doc-import.md](../../dingtalk-doc/references/doc/doc-import.md)。
-

skills/multi/dingtalk-misc/references/skill.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 | "搜索技能 / 找技能" | `dws skill search --query "<关键词>" [--source DingtalkMarket\|OrgInternal]` |
 | "下载技能包" | `dws skill get --skill-id <skillId>` |
 | "安装市场技能" | `dws skill install <skillId> <target>` |
-| "安装 DWS mono/multi skills" | `dws skill setup --mode <mono\|multi> --target <target> --yes` |
+| "安装 DWS mono/multi skills" | `dws skill setup --mode <mono\|multi> --target <target>` |
 
 ## 约束
 
@@ -73,20 +73,20 @@ Example:
 Usage:
   dws skill setup [flags]
 Example:
-  dws skill setup --mode mono --yes
-  dws skill setup --mode multi --target qoder --yes
-  dws skill setup --mode multi -s aitable -s calendar --target qoder --yes
-  dws skill setup --mode multi -x live -x devdoc --target qoder --yes
+  dws skill setup --mode mono
+  dws skill setup --mode multi --target qoder
+  dws skill setup --mode multi -s aitable -s calendar --target qoder
+  dws skill setup --mode multi -x live -x devdoc --target qoder
 Flags:
       --mode string       mono | multi
       --target string     目标 Agent，默认 all
       --source string     显式 skill 源目录
   -s, --skill strings     multi 模式只安装指定子 skill
   -x, --exclude strings   multi 模式排除指定子 skill
-      --yes               跳过确认
+      --yes               仅脚本使用：跳过确认（删除仍先备份）
 ```
 
-`--skill` 与 `--exclude` 互斥。未指定 `--source` 时使用当前二进制内置的 skill 版本。
+`--skill` 与 `--exclude` 互斥。未指定 `--source` 时使用当前二进制内置的 skill 版本。setup 会清理对面模式残留与不在 bundle 内的过期 skill；这些目录在确认前逐条列出，删除前先备份到 `~/.dws/skill-backups/`，备份失败的目录保留原样。代用户执行时不要附加 `--yes` 绕过确认。
 
 ## 上下文传递
 

skills/multi/dingtalk-wiki/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: dingtalk-wiki
-description: 钉钉知识库与空间管理。Use when 用户说 知识库/wiki/创建知识库/搜索知识库空间/我的文档/团队空间/空间成员/空间内节点创建/列出/搜索/复制/移动/删除/知识库动态。知识库节点复制移动走本 skill，普通钉盘文件复制移动走 dingtalk-drive；空间内单文档内容读写先用本 skill 定位再切到 dingtalk-doc。命令前缀：dws wiki。
+description: 钉钉知识库与空间管理。Use when 用户说 知识库/wiki/创建知识库/搜索知识库空间/我的文档/团队空间/空间成员/在指定知识库内的节点创建/列出/搜索/复制/移动/删除/知识库动态。知识库空间与空间内节点管理走本 skill（节点操作需 workspace）；未指定空间的全局文件管理与搜索走 dingtalk-drive，空间内单文档内容读写先用本 skill 定位再切到 dingtalk-doc。命令前缀：dws wiki。
 metadata:
   cli_version: ">=0.2.14"
   category: product